Showing papers by "Roger Frutos published in 2018"
TL;DR: Bats are hosting many viruses and in particular coronaviruses, which represent 31% of their virome, and bats display a remarkable resistance to viruses, so the risk of emergence of a novel bat-CoV disease can be envisioned.
Abstract: Coronaviruses (CoV) were for a long time associated with several major veterinary diseases such as avian infectious coronavirus, calf diarrhea, winter dysentery, respiratory infections (BRD-BCoV) in cattle, SDCV, PEDV, SECD in swine and dog, intestinal disease or Feline Infectious Peritonitis (Saif, 2014), and the human mild and common cold. However, SARS emerged in 2002 in China and spread across 29 other countries with a 10% death rate. More recently, the MERS-CoV outbreak in Saudi Arabia in 2012 displayed a death rate of 38%. The emergence of these two events of highly pathogenic CoVs shed light on the threat posed by coronaviruses to humans. Bats are hosting many viruses (Calisher et al., 2006) and in particular coronaviruses, which represent 31% of their virome (Chen et al., 2014). Furthermore, bats display a remarkable resistance to viruses (Omatsu et al., 2007; Storm et al., 2018). The risk of emergence of a novel bat-CoV disease can therefore be envisioned.
102 citations
TL;DR: Although no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Tengchong County since 2013, there is still a risk from the presence of vectors in the context of human population movements from neighboring malaria endemic areas.
Abstract: Tengchong County was one of the counties located at the China-Myanmar border with high malaria incidence in the previous decades As the pilot county for malaria elimination at the border area, Tengchong County is aiming to be the first county to achieve malaria elimination goal A cross-sectional entomological survey was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of elimination approach and assess the receptivity of malaria reintroduction Light traps associated with live baits were used to investigate the abundance of adult mosquitoes in nine villages in Tengchong County Light traps were set to collect adult mosquitoes in both human houses and cowsheds from dusk till dawn in each site A total of 4948 adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected from May to December in two villages Of the mosquitoes were captured, 242% were in human houses and 758% in cowsheds The peak of abundance occurred in July for An sinensis and in September-October for An minimus (sl) Ten Anopheles species were collected, the most prevalent being An sinensis (503%), An peditaeniatus (316%) and An minimus (sl) (158%), contributing to 976% of the sample Potential breeding sites were also investigated and a total of 407 larvae were collected, with An sinensis (501%) and An minimus (sl) (462%) as predominant species Ponds and rice fields were the two preferred breeding sites for Anopheles mosquitoes; however, the difference between the number of adults and larvae captured suggest other breeding sites might exist Both An sinensis and An minimus (sl) were found zoophilic with human blood index as 021 and 026, respectively No Plasmodium positive Anopheles specimens were found by PCR among 4,000 trapped mosquitoes Although no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Tengchong County since 2013, there is still a risk from the presence of vectors in the context of human population movements from neighboring malaria endemic areas The presence of An sinensis, associated to rice fields, is particularly worrying Sustained entomological surveillance is strongly suggested even after malaria elimination certification
27 citations
TL;DR: Viruses associated to synanthropic bat genera, such as Myotis or Scotophilus, and group C betacoronavirus were associated with mosaic habitats found in anthropized environments, which increases contacts between wildlife and hence the risk of transmission and emergence of zoonotic diseases.
27 citations
TL;DR: The Japanese Encephalitis virus circulation in Indonesia was first documented in Lombok in 1960, and the virus was first isolated in 1972 from Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Bekasi, West Java and Kapuk, West Jakarta.
24 citations
04 Jul 2018
TL;DR: During the past decade, bats were shown to a major source for new viruses, among them well known coronaviruses such as SRAS or MERS but also Ebola, but at the same time, no direct infection from bat to human has been demonstrated.
Abstract: During the past decade, bats were shown to a major source for new viruses. Among them are well known coronaviruses such as SRAS or MERS but also Ebola. At the same time, no direct infection from bat to human has been demonstrated. The dynamic of transmission of bat-borne viruses is therefore a complex process involving both sylvatic and urban cycles, and intermediate hosts not always identified. The threat potentially exists, and drivers must be sought for man-made environmental changes. Anthropized environments are mosaic landscapes attracting at the same place different bat species usually not found together. Anthropized landscape is also characterized by a higher density of bat-borne viruses. The threat of new bat-borne virus outbreaks has greatly increased in the recent years along with media anthropization and the extremely rapid deforestation process. Deforestation could be a major contributing factor to new viral emergences due to more frequent contacts of livestock and humans with bats possibly containing infectious viruses.
14 citations
18 Jul 2018
TL;DR: In China, the malaria elimination program was launched in 2010 with the objective to eliminate this disease by 2020 and the year 2017 was the first year without report of indigenous malaria cases throughout the country.
Abstract: In China, the malaria elimination program was launched in 2010 with the objective to eliminate this disease by 2020. Large-scale malaria control and elimination actions have been conducted with significant success since inception of the nationwide program. The incidence of locally acquired malaria has declined sharply along with the concomitant decrease of malaria-endemic areas from 762 counties reporting malaria in 2010 to just two counties adjacent to border areas (Yunnan, China-Myanmar and Tibet, China-India) in 2016. In total, 1723 counties (79%) and 134 prefectures (52%) had completed the malaria elimination internal assessment by the end of 2016. The year 2017 was the first year without report of indigenous malaria cases throughout the country. Hence, this chapter is meant to share the lessons learned from malaria elimination in China benefiting countries on the way to malaria elimination.
13 citations