Ross L. Prentice

TL;DR: Joint analysis of clinical trial and observational study data may be able to extend the implications of a clinical trial in a fairly reliable manner, though less so than would be the case with a larger, longer, or more comprehensive clinical trial.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored whether nutritional biomarkers from the Women's Health Initiative Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study Feeding Study (NPAAS-FS) and the WHI Observational Study (n = 153, 2010-2014) could identify biomarker signatures of dietary patterns for development of corresponding regression calibration equations to help mitigate measurement error.

TL;DR: It is recommended that long‐term hormone replacement therapy, in the form of estrogen alone for hysterectomized women or estrogen plus progestin for women with a uterus, should be prescribed conservatively until more reliable data on risks and benefits are available from randomized controlled trials or from other sources.

TL;DR: Postmenopausal women with prior hysterectomy using CEE-alone have the potential benefit of experiencing a reduction in breast cancer incidence while all postmenopausalWomen using Cee plus MPA has the potential risk of experiencing an increase in breastcancer incidence.

TL;DR: The utility of the principal stratum framework, and the potential outcomes formulation from which it derives, are considered for these topics in the specific setting of the Women’s Health Initiative randomized, placebo controlled trials of postmenopausal hormone therapy.