THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

The past 20 years have witnessed ever-growing evidence that the mechanical properties of biological tissues, from nanoscale to macroscale dimensions, are fundamental for cellular behaviour and consequent tissue functionality. This knowledge, combined with previously known biochemical cues, has greatly advanced the field of biomaterial development, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It is now established that approaches to engineer biological tissues must integrate and approximate the mechanics, both static and dynamic, of native tissues. Nevertheless, the literature on the mechanical properties of biological tissues differs greatly in methodology, and the available data are widely dispersed. This Review gathers together the most important data on the stiffness of living tissues and discusses the intricacies of tissue stiffness from a materials perspective, highlighting the main challenges associated with engineering lifelike tissues and proposing a unified view of this as yet unreported topic. Emerging advances that might pave the way for the next decade’s take on bioengineered tissue stiffness are also presented, and differences and similarities between tissues in health and disease are discussed, along with various techniques for characterizing tissue stiffness at various dimensions from individual cells to organs. The complexity of biological tissue presents a challenge for engineering of mechanically compatible materials. In this Review, the stiffness of tissue components — from extracellular matrix and single cells to bulk tissue — is outlined, and how this understanding facilitates the engineering of materials with lifelike properties is discussed.

/pdf/the-stiffness-of-living-tissues-and-its-implications-for-49xikp5kk1.pdf

The stiffness of living tissues and its implications for tissue engineering

A review on automated sorting of source-separated municipal solid waste for recycling.

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/518570.pdf

Plastic debris in the Laurentian Great Lakes: A review

Recent advances and remaining challenges for polymeric nanocomposites in healthcare applications

In this paper, an automated system is presented for identification and separation of plastic resins based on near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy. For identification and separation among resins, a \"Two-Filter\" identification method is proposed that is capable to distinguish among polyethylene terephthalate (PET), high density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS). Through surveying effects of parameters such as surface contamination, sample thickness, label and cap existence, it was obvious that the \"Two-Filter\" method has a high efficiency in identification of resins. It is shown that accurate identification and separation of five major resins can be obtained through calculating the relative reflectance at two wavelengths in the NIR region. Keywords—Identification, Near Infrared, Plastic, Separation, Spectroscopy

/pdf/identification-and-classification-of-plastic-resins-using-1m1e4nicyz.pdf

Identification and Classification of Plastic Resins using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Experiments on micro- and nano-mechanical systems (M/NEMS) have shown that their behavior under bending loads departs in many cases from the classical predictions using Euler-Bernoulli theory and Hooke's law. This anomalous response has usually been seen as a dependence of the material properties on the size of the structure, in particular thickness. A theoretical model that allows for quantitative understanding and prediction of this size effect is important for the design of M/NEMS. In this paper, we summarize and analyze the five theories that can be found in the literature: Grain Boundary Theory (GBT), Surface Stress Theory (SST), Residual Stress Theory (RST), Couple Stress Theory (CST) and Surface Elasticity Theory (SET). By comparing these theories with experimental data we propose a simplified model combination of CST and SET that properly fits all considered cases, therefore delivering a simple (two parameters) model that can be used to predict the mechanical properties at the nanoscale.

/pdf/modelling-the-size-effects-on-the-mechanical-properties-of-423ohya9ze.pdf

Modelling the Size Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Micro/Nano Structures

http://giau.ac.ir/Uploads/Public/maghalat/Sorting%20of%20....pdf

Sorting of polypropylene resins by color in MSW using visible reflectance spectroscopy

In carbide cermet coatings, such as WC–Co–Cr, the surface roughness of the sprayed workpiece is much more than the acceptable values for various industrial demands. Thus, the surface of the carbide cermet coatings is to be ground appropriately to obtain suitable surface finish. However, the grinding may change the properties of coating. In this study, effects of the grinding process on the porosity content, residual stress, microhardness, and adhesion and cohesion strength of the high-velocity oxy-fuel WC–10Co–4Cr coatings are investigated. For this purpose, the grinding experiments have been performed on a surface grinder using a diamond wheel (resin bond) under different grinding parameters, such as table feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut. The investigations of residual stress state and adhesion properties were carried out using the X-ray diffraction and interfacial indentation test methods, respectively. The results indicated that the coating's porosity content increased after grinding due to ...

Effect of Grinding on the Residual Stress and Adhesion Strength of HVOF Thermally Sprayed WC–10Co–4Cr Coating

The present study applies the machining approach and other analysis techniques to investigate the material removal behavior during surface grinding of high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermally sprayed WC–10Co–4Cr coating using a resin-bonded diamond wheel. The basic grinding factors such as force ratio, specific material removal rate, maximum undeformed chip thickness, and specific grinding energy have been investigated and discussed. The mathematical models containing linear terms and interactions of the first-order have been used to investigate the effect of the grinding parameters on the grinding force. The results have shown that both tangential and normal grinding forces depend not only on the depth of cut, feed rate, and cutting speed, but also on the depth of cut and feed rate interaction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the ground surface has revealed that the mechanism of material removal presents both brittle fracture and ductile flow modes. Considering the effect of the process ...

Seyed Mohsen Safavi

Papers

Identification and Classification of Plastic Resins using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Modelling the Size Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Micro/Nano Structures

Sorting of polypropylene resins by color in MSW using visible reflectance spectroscopy

Effect of Grinding on the Residual Stress and Adhesion Strength of HVOF Thermally Sprayed WC–10Co–4Cr Coating

Grinding Force, Specific Energy and Material Removal Mechanism in Grinding of HVOF-Sprayed WC–Co–Cr Coating