Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

The photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes containing different functionalities has been reviewed using TiO2 as photocatalyst in aqueous solution under solar and UV irradiation. The mechanism of the photodegradation depends on the radiation used. Charge injection mechanism takes place under visible radiation whereas charge separation occurred under UV light radiation. The process is monitored by following either the decolorization rate and the formation of its end-products. Kinetic analyses indicate that the photodegradation rates of azo dyes can usually be approximated as pseudo-first-order kinetics for both degradation mechanisms, according to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. The degradation of dyes depend on several parameters such as pH, catalyst concentration, substrate concentration and the presence of electron acceptors such as hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulphate besides molecular oxygen. The presence of other substances such as inorganic ions, humic acids and solvents commonly found in textile effluents is also discussed. The photocatalyzed degradation of pesticides does not occur instantaneously to form carbon dioxide, but through the formation of long-lived intermediate species. Thus, the study focuses also on the determination of the nature of the principal organic intermediates and the evolution of the mineralization as well as on the degradation pathways followed during the process. Major identified intermediates are hydroxylated derivatives, aromatic amines, naphthoquinone, phenolic compounds and several organic acids. By-products evaluation and toxicity measurements are the key-actions in order to assess the overall process.

TiO2-assisted photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes in aqueous solution: kinetic and mechanistic investigations A review

https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/33344/4/A%20review%20on%20the%20occurrence%20of%20micropollutants%20in%20the%20aquatic%20environment%20and%20their%20fate%20and%20removal%20during%20wastewater%20treatment.pdf

A review on the occurrence of micropollutants in the aquatic environment and their fate and removal during wastewater treatment

Fouling in membrane bioreactors used in wastewater treatment

Kinetics of zero-valent iron remediation of two azo dyes in aqueous solution were investigated. Both show pseudo first-order reaction kinetics. Typical apparent reaction rate constants (k) are 0.70 min -1 at 33.3 revolutions per second. k decreases with both increased pH and initial dissolved oxygen content increased over 5 mg 1 -1 , but increases with both increasing iron concentration and mixing speed. The increase with iron concentration is linear at 3 × 10 -5 mg 1 -1 correlation. k increases linearly with the inverse square root of mixing speed-corresponding directly with increasing k with decreasing thickness of adhering boundary layer. Half-lives correlate well with values reported in the literature. The mass transfer limitation and surface dependency of these heterogeneous reactions is demonstrated.

http://hydrologie.org/redbooks/a275/iahs_275_383.pdf

Reductive degradation of azo dyes in aqueous solution by zero-valent iron

Influence of configuration and substrate on the properties of dynamically formed membranes

Screening optimisation for indirect potable reuse

Water management can be set within a conceptual framework which emphasises the importance of maximising the usefulness of water as it moves through a catchment area. The framework is based upon a consideration of the thermodynamic property of entropy, i.e. a measure of a system's increasing inability to do work. It is concluded that a consideration of water utility as a determinant is more appropriate than the conventional volume-paradigm applied to water resourcing.

Simon J. Judd

Papers

Reductive degradation of azo dyes in aqueous solution by zero-valent iron

Influence of configuration and substrate on the properties of dynamically formed membranes

Screening optimisation for indirect potable reuse

Entropy and Water Management

Influence of composite particle formation on the performance and economics of grit removal