Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Quantum mechanics---the theory describing the fundamental workings of nature---is famously counterintuitive: it predicts that a particle can be in two places at the same time, and that two remote particles can be inextricably and instantaneously linked These predictions have been the topic of intense metaphysical debate ever since the theory's inception early last century However, supreme predictive power combined with direct experimental observation of some of these unusual phenomena leave little doubt as to its fundamental correctness In fact, without quantum mechanics we could not explain the workings of a laser, nor indeed how a fridge magnet operates Over the last several decades quantum information science has emerged to seek answers to the question: can we gain some advantage by storing, transmitting and processing information encoded in systems that exhibit these unique quantum properties? Today it is understood that the answer is yes Many research groups around the world are working towards one of the most ambitious goals humankind has ever embarked upon: a quantum computer that promises to exponentially improve computational power for particular tasks A number of physical systems, spanning much of modern physics, are being developed for this task---ranging from single particles of light to superconducting circuits---and it is not yet clear which, if any, will ultimately prove successful Here we describe the latest developments for each of the leading approaches and explain what the major challenges are for the future

Quantum Computing

Recent progress implies that a crossover between machine learning and quantum information processing benefits both fields. Traditional machine learning has dramatically improved the benchmarking an ...

Quantum machine learning

MUCKE aims to mine a large volume of images, to structure them conceptually and to use this conceptual structuring in order to improve large-scale image retrieval. The last decade witnessed important progress concerning low-level image representations. However, there are a number problems which need to be solved in order to unleash the full potential of image mining in applications. The central problem with low-level representations is the mismatch between them and the human interpretation of image content. This problem can be instantiated, for instance, by the incapability of existing descriptors to capture spatial relationships between the concepts represented or by their incapability to convey an explanation of why two images are similar in a content-based image retrieval framework. We start by assessing existing local descriptors for image classification and by proposing to use co-occurrence matrices to better capture spatial relationships in images. The main focus in MUCKE is on cleaning large scale Web image corpora and on proposing image representations which are closer to the human interpretation of images. Consequently, we introduce methods which tackle these two problems and compare results to state of the art methods. Note: some aspects of this deliverable are withheld at this time as they are pending review. Please contact the authors for a preview.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel2/4524/12820/00592460.pdf

Image Processing

The control of individual quantum systems promises a new technology for the 21st century – quantum technology. This book is the first comprehensive treatment of modern quantum measurement and measurement-based quantum control, which are vital elements for realizing quantum technology. Readers are introduced to key experiments and technologies through dozens of recent experiments in cavity QED, quantum optics, mesoscopic electronics, and trapped particles several of which are analyzed in detail. Nearly 300 exercises help build understanding, and prepare readers for research in these exciting areas. This important book will interest graduate students and researchers in quantum information, quantum metrology, quantum control and related fields. Novel topics covered include adaptive measurement; realistic detector models; mesoscopic current detection; Markovian, state-based and optimal feedback; and applications to quantum information processing.

/pdf/quantum-measurement-and-control-1zwwhweisi.pdf

Quantum Measurement and Control

The Floquet Description of TOCSY and E.TACSY Experiments

We present a quantum CISC compiler and show how to assemble complex instruction sets in a scalable way. Enlarging the toolbox of universal gates by optimised complex multi-qubit instruction sets thus paves the way to fight decoherence for realistic settings. 
Compiling a quantum module into the machine code for steering a concrete quantum hardware device lends itself to be tackled by means of optimal quantum control. To this end, there are two opposite approaches: (i) one may use a decomposition into the restricted instruction set (RISC) of universal one- and two-qubit gates, which in turn have prefabricated translations into the machine code or (ii) one may prefer to generate the entire target module directly by a complex instruction set (CISC) of available controls. Here we advocate direct compilation up to the limit of system size a classical high-performance parallel computer cluster can reasonably handle. For going beyond these limits, i.e. for large systems we propose a combined way, namely (iii) to make recursive use of medium-sized building blocks generated by optimal control in the sense of a quantum CISC compiler. 
The advantage of the method over standard RISC compilations into one- and two-qubit universal gates is explored on the parallel cluster HLRB-II (with a total LINPACK performance of 63.3 TFlops/s) for the quantum Fourier transform, the indirect SWAP gate as well as for multiply-controlled CNOT gates. Implications for upper limits to time complexities are also derived.

Quantum CISC Compilation by Optimal Control and Scalable Assembly of Complex Instruction Sets beyond Two-Qubit Gates

Polarization transfers from an electron spin to a nuclear spin are essential for various physical tasks, such as dynamic nuclear polarization in nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information processing on hybrid electron-nuclear spin systems. We present time-optimal schemes for electron-nuclear polarization transfers which improve on conventional approaches, and we thereby establish an important class of faster controls. We highlight how time-optimal polarization transfers and their optimality are related to the time optimality of unitary transformations. Moreover, our work develops generally applicable analytic methods for analyzing the limits in controlling quantum systems.

Time-optimal polarization transfer from an electron spin to a nuclear spin

Tailored correlation spectroscopy for the enhancement of fingerprint cross peaks in peptides and proteins.

Experiments in coherent spectroscopy correspond to control of quantum mechanical ensemble guiding them from initial to final target states. The control inputs (pulse sequences) that accomplish these transformations should be designed to minimize the effects of relaxation and to optimize the sensitivity of the experiments. For example in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a question of fundamental importance is what is the maximum efficiency of coherence or polarization transfer between two spins in the presence of relaxation. Furthermore what is the optimal pulse sequence which achieves this efficiency? This manuscript extends our previous work in the above problems. Here, we take into account both the longitudinal and the transverse relaxation mechanisms, thus generalizing our previous results, where the former had been neglected.

/pdf/optimal-control-of-coupled-spins-in-presence-of-longitudinal-3p6ch9li0e.pdf

Steffen J. Glaser

Papers

The Floquet Description of TOCSY and E.TACSY Experiments

Quantum CISC Compilation by Optimal Control and Scalable Assembly of Complex Instruction Sets beyond Two-Qubit Gates

Time-optimal polarization transfer from an electron spin to a nuclear spin

Tailored correlation spectroscopy for the enhancement of fingerprint cross peaks in peptides and proteins.

Optimal control of coupled spins in presence of longitudinal and transverse relaxation