Suzanne T. Williams

TL;DR: It is shown that multiple DNA sequences, similar to the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene, occur within single individuals in at least 10 species of the snapping shrimp genus Alpheus, and that genetic material has been repeatedly transferred from the mtDNA to the nuclear genome of snapping shrimp.

TL;DR: The molecular data in this study suggest that vicariant events have played an important role in shaping the broadscale genetic structure of L. laevigata and greater genetic structure was observed among Indian Ocean populations than among Pacific Ocean populations, probably because there are fewer reefs and island archipelagos in the Indian Ocean than in the Pacific, and because present‐day surface ocean currents do not facilitate long‐distance dispersal.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the Indo‐West Pacific clade of Echinolittorina has been isolated since closure of the Tethyan seaway in the early Miocene, and there has been no acceleration of diversification during the glacioeustatic cycles of the Plio‐Pleistocene.

TL;DR: The Red Sea biota appears resilient to major environmental fluctuations and is characterized by high rates of endemism with variable degrees of incursion into the Gulf of Aden, which is more likely determined by ecological plasticity and genetic diversity.

TL;DR: The extensive surveys of genetic variation at eight polymorphic loci in 19 populations of the giant clam Tridacna maxima confirmed that the patterns of variation seen so far in T. gigas were not unique to that species, and may reflect a fundamental genetic structuring of shallow‐water marine taxa.