Showing papers by "Swen Hesse published in 2015"
TL;DR: 1. Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Martino – IST, Dept of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy
Abstract: 1. Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Martino – IST, Dept of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy 2. Department of Medical Imaging, Geneva University and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland 3. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4. Nuclear Medicine Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain 5. Inserm, U1077, Caen, France; Universite de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France; CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France 6. Klinik und Poliklinik fur Nuklearmedizin, Universitat zu Koln, Koln, Germany 7. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany 8. Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 9. Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark 10. Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples, Italy 11. INSERM UMR 825 Universite de Toulouse; UPS; Imagerie cerebrale et handicaps neurologiques; CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, F-31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France 12. Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, CNR, Rome, Italy 13. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
49 citations
TL;DR: The tracer proved to have high stability in vivo, with 90% of the plasma radioactivity remaining as untransformed parent compound at 90min, fast brain kinetics with rapid uptake and equilibration between free and receptor-bound tracer, and suggest that (-)-(18)F]Flubatine is a very suitable and clinically applicable PET tracer for in vivo imaging of α4β2* nAChRs in neuropsychiatric disorders.
46 citations
TL;DR: Data suggest that ACOTs are targets of TH and are likely to influence 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine-orchestrated mechanisms of lipid uptake, storage and utilization to adapt the regulation of metabolic demands.
Abstract: Background: Thyroid hormones (TH) exert pleiotropic effects on glucose and lipid homeostasis However, it is as yet unclear how TH regulate lipid storage and util
12 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that dieting and gastric bypass produce distinct changes in peripheral factors with known roles in regulating energy homeostasis, resulting in differential modulation of nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic reward circuits.
Abstract: Highly palatable and/or calorically dense foods, such as those rich in fat, engage the striatum to govern and set complex behaviors. Striatal dopamine signaling has been implicated in hedonic feeding and the development of obesity. Dieting and bariatric surgery have markedly different outcomes on weight loss, yet how these interventions affect central homeostatic and food reward processing remains poorly understood. Here, we propose that dieting and gastric bypass produce distinct changes in peripheral factors with known roles in regulating energy homeostasis, resulting in differential modulation of nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic reward circuits. Enhancement of intestinal fat metabolism after gastric bypass may also modify striatal dopamine signaling contributing to its unique long-term effects on feeding behavior and body weight in obese individuals.
12 citations
TL;DR: Delineation of the head contour by stereotactical normalization appears useful for Chang AC in I-123-ioflupane SPECT because it is robust and does not require user interaction.
Abstract: Chang’s method, the most widely used attenuation correction (AC) in brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), requires delineation of the outer contour of the head. Manual and automatic threshold-based methods are prone to errors due to variability of tracer uptake in the scalp. The present study proposes a new method for fully automated delineation of the head based on stereotactical normalization. The method was validated for SPECT with I-123-ioflupane. The new method was compared to threshold-based delineation in 62 unselected patients who had received I-123-ioflupane SPECT at one of 3 centres. The impact on diagnostic power was tested for semi-quantitative analysis and visual reading of the SPECT images (six independent readers). The two delineation methods produced highly consistent semi-quantitative results. This was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic analyses in which the putamen specific-to-background ratio achieved highest area under the curve with negligible effect of the delineation method: 0.935 versus 0.938 for stereotactical normalization and threshold-based delineation, respectively. Visual interpretation of DVR images was also not affected by the delineation method. Delineation of the head contour by stereotactical normalization appears useful for Chang AC in I-123-ioflupane SPECT. It is robust and does not require user interaction. •Chang attenuation correction in brain SPECT requires delineation of the head contour. •Manual and threshold-based methods are prone to errors. •The study proposes a fully-automated method for delineation based on stereotactical normalization. •The method is shown to work reliably in I-123-ioflupane SPECT. •It might improve the workflow of I-123-ioflupane SPECT in everyday patient care.
3 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: Fundamentals in BAT biology are described to highlight some of the clinical and preclinical studies performed on humans and rodents with a focus on TH, BAT and PET/CT, and bridge these data with the own studies within the DFG thyroid transact priority program.
Abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in regulating core-body temperature in various species including man. [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging first revealed the presence of metabolically active BAT depots and that decreased BAT function is associated with various metabolic conditions. Thyroid hormone (TH) in concert with sympathetic nervous system signalling (SNS) stimulates BAT thermogenesis and thyroid disorders result in dysfunctional BAT. Currently, research is focussing not only on BAT regulation but also on browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) to BAT beige adipose tissue (BeAT) in order to develop novel treatments for human obesity and related conditions. While [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging is continuing to provide valuable insights into BAT and BeAT function in health and disease, there is a pressing need to develop alternative radiotracers that reliably track their activity in vivo. As a result it is expected that preclinical micro PET/CT investigations of BAT and BeAT will gain in prominence. The aim of this short review is to i) describe fundamentals in BAT biology, ii) highlight some of the clinical and preclinical studies performed on humans and rodents with a focus on TH, BAT and PET/CT, and iii) bridge these data with our own studies within the DFG thyroid transact priority program.
3 citations
Journal Article•
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a short review of BAT biology is presented, highlighting some of the clinical and preclinical studies performed on humans and rodents with a focus on TH, BAT and PET/CT, and bridge these data with their own studies within the DFG thyroid transact priority program.
Abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in regulating core-body temperature in various species including man. [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging first revealed the presence of metabolically active BAT depots and that decreased BAT function is associated with various metabolic conditions. Thyroid hormone (TH) in concert with sympathetic nervous system signalling (SNS) stimulates BAT thermogenesis and thyroid disorders result in dysfunctional BAT. Currently, research is focussing not only on BAT regulation but also on browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) to BAT beige adipose tissue (BeAT) in order to develop novel treatments for human obesity and related conditions. While [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging is continuing to provide valuable insights into BAT and BeAT function in health and disease, there is a pressing need to develop alternative radiotracers that reliably track their activity in vivo. As a result it is expected that preclinical micro PET/CT investigations of BAT and BeAT will gain in prominence. The aim of this short review is to i) describe fundamentals in BAT biology, ii) highlight some of the clinical and preclinical studies performed on humans and rodents with a focus on TH, BAT and PET/CT, and iii) bridge these data with our own studies within the DFG thyroid transact priority program.
2 citations
1 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: Fundamentals in BAT biology are described to highlight some of the clinical and preclinical studies performed on humans and rodents with a focus on TH, BAT and PET/CT, and bridge these data with the own studies within the DFG thyroid transact priority program.
Abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in regulating core-body temperature in various species including man. [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging first revealed the presence of metabolically active BAT depots and that decreased BAT function is associated with various metabolic conditions. Thyroid hormone (TH) in concert with sympathetic nervous system signalling (SNS) stimulates BAT thermogenesis and thyroid disorders result in dysfunctional BAT. Currently, research is focussing not only on BAT regulation but also on browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) to BAT beige adipose tissue (BeAT) in order to develop novel treatments for human obesity and related conditions. While [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging is continuing to provide valuable insights into BAT and BeAT function in health and disease, there is a pressing need to develop alternative radiotracers that reliably track their activity in vivo. As a result it is expected that preclinical micro PET/CT investigations of BAT and BeAT will gain in prominence. The aim of this short review is to i) describe fundamentals in BAT biology, ii) highlight some of the clinical and preclinical studies performed on humans and rodents with a focus on TH, BAT and PET/CT, and iii) bridge these data with our own studies within the DFG thyroid transact priority program.