Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Biogenic calcium carbonate forms the inorganic component of seashells, otoliths, and many marine skeletons, and its formation is directed by an ordered template of macromolecules. Classical nucleation theory considers crystal formation to occur from a critical nucleus formed by the assembly of ions from solution. Using cryotransmission electron microscopy, we found that template-directed calcium carbonate formation starts with the formation of prenucleation clusters. Their aggregation leads to the nucleation of amorphous nanoparticles in solution. These nanoparticles assemble at the template and, after reaching a critical size, develop dynamic crystalline domains, one of which is selectively stabilized by the template. Our findings have implications for template-directed mineral formation in biological as well as in synthetic systems.

The initial stages of template-controlled CaCO3 formation revealed by Cryo-TEM

Vascular stenosis triggers adaptive cellular responses that induce adverse remodeling, which can progress to partial or complete vessel occlusion. Despite its severity, cellular interactions and biophysical cues that regulate pathological progression are poorly understood. We report the design and fabrication of a three-dimensional in vitro system to model vascular stenosis so that specific cellular interactions and responses to hemodynamic stimuli can be investigated. Tubular cellularized constructs (cytotubes) were produced using a collagen casting system to generate a stenotic arterial model. Fabrication methods were developed to create cytotubes containing co-cultured vascular cells, where cell viability, distribution, morphology, and contraction were examined (Figure). Fibroblasts, bone marrow primary cells, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and endothelial cells (ECs) remained viable during culture and developed locationand time-dependent morphologies. We found cytotube contraction to depend on cellular composition, where SMC-EC co-cultures adopted intermediate contractile phenotypes between SMCand EC-only cytotubes. Our fabrication approach and resulting artery model can serve as an in vitro 3D culture system to investigate vascular pathogenesis.

Microscopy and Microanalysis

local electrode atom probe tomography a users guide local electrode atom probe tomography a users guide local electrode atom probe tomography a users guide pdf local electrode atom probe tomography a users guide ebook kobelco electrode user guide dofn kobelco electrode user guide buskit chapter 7 applications of the local electrode atom probe local electrode atom probe tomography link.springer local electrode atom probe tomography a users guide free the legends of the rabbis vols 1 2 ebook | dr-calorie formalized probability theory and applications using yz85 owners manual nfcqr 2010 acura rl sway bar link manual cafebr file torque specs for assembly of volvo d13a engine samsung rf268abrsxaa service manual and rf268abrsxaa kinetico ro manuals sivaji story of sammy sticklepin firext international paper des moines ia wmcir optical systems engineering press monograph oururl gargantua the fourth book oobags puss in boots pop up ouaps mpc 500 owners manual squazl mansell challenge for the championship 91 eleina jesus christ is my god mdmtv dreaming your world into beingthe shamans secrets to linda j schoch v james dougherty et al eleina mental health technician study guide hgud argo brothers math workbook grade 6common core math free caseinternational shop manual models 7110 7120 7130 7140 blinders keepers john rachel alongs student activity manual myspanishlab answer key dfnk

Local Electrode Atom Probe Tomography

In this article, we provide a broad and extensive review of beta titanium alloys. Beta titanium alloys are an important class of alloys that have found use in demanding applications such as aircraft structures and engines, and orthopedic and orthodontic implants. Their high strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent biocompatibility, and ease of fabrication provide significant advantages compared to other high performance alloys. The body-centered cubic (bcc) β-phase is metastable at temperatures below the beta transus temperature, providing these alloys with a wide range of microstructures and mechanical properties through processing and heat treatment. One attribute important for biomedical applications is the ability to adjust the modulus of elasticity through alloying and altering phase volume fractions. Furthermore, since these alloys are metastable, they experience stress-induced transformations in response to deformation. The attributes of these alloys make them the subject of many recent studies. In addition, researchers are pursuing development of new metastable and near-beta Ti alloys for advanced applications. In this article, we review several important topics of these alloys including phase stability, development history, thermo-mechanical processing and heat treatment, and stress-induced transformations. In addition, we address recent developments in new alloys, phase stability, superelasticity, and additive manufacturing.

/pdf/a-review-of-metastable-beta-titanium-alloys-3fdkdq0mu5.pdf

A Review of Metastable Beta Titanium Alloys

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009

/pdf/wide-field-of-view-atom-probe-reconstruction-45zpr9c61v.pdf

Wide-Field-of-View Atom Probe Reconstruction

The development of three-dimensional (3-D), characterisation techniques with high spatial and mass resolution is crucial for understanding and developing advanced materials for many engineering applications as well as for understanding natural materials. In recent decades, atom probe tomography (APT), which combines a point projection microscope and time-of-flight mass spectrometer, has evolved to be an excellent characterisation technique capable of providing 3-D nanoscale characterisation of materials with sub-nanometer scale spatial resolution, with equal sensitivity for all elements. This review discusses the current state, as of APT instrumentation, new developments in sample preparation methods, experimental procedures for different material classes, reconstruction of APT results, the current status of correlative microscopy, and application of APT for microstructural characterisation in established scientific areas like structural materials as well as new applications in semiconducting nano...

/pdf/three-dimensional-nanoscale-characterisation-of-materials-by-30gmt17ll9.pdf

Three-dimensional nanoscale characterisation of materials by atom probe tomography

Summary


Atom-probe tomography analysis of complex multilayer structures is a promising avenue for studying interfacial properties. However, significant artefacts in the three-dimensional reconstructed data arise due to the field evaporation process. To clarify the origin and impact of these artefacts for a FeCoB/FeCo/MgO/FeCo/IrMn multilayer, tip shapes were observed by transmission electron microscopy and compared to those obtained by finite difference modelling of electric fields and evaporation processes. It was found that the emitter shape is not spherical and its surface morphology evolves during successive evaporation of the different layers. This evolving morphology contributes to the artefacts generally observed in the reconstructed atom-probe data for multilayer structures because algorithms for three-dimensional reconstruction are based on the assumption that the shape of the emitter during field evaporation is spherical. Some proposed improvements to data reconstruction are proposed.

Ty J. Prosa

Papers

Local Electrode Atom Probe Tomography

Wide-Field-of-View Atom Probe Reconstruction

Three-dimensional nanoscale characterisation of materials by atom probe tomography

Evolution of tip shape during field evaporation of complex multilayer structures.

Effects of detector dead-time on quantitative analyses involving boron and multi-hit detection events in atom probe tomography.