National Institute of Standards and Technology における超伝導研究及び生活

Miniaturization can expand the capability of existing bioassays, separation technologies and chemical synthesis techniques. Although a reduction in size to the micrometre scale will usually not change the nature of molecular reactions, laws of scale for surface per volume, molecular diffusion and heat transport enable dramatic increases in throughput. Besides the many microwell-plate- or bead-based methods, microfluidic chips have been widely used to provide small volumes and fluid connections and could eventually outperform conventionally used robotic fluid handling. Moreover, completely novel applications without a macroscopic equivalent have recently been developed. This article reviews current and future applications of microfluidics and highlights the potential of 'lab-on-a-chip' technology for drug discovery.

Lab-on-a-chip: microfluidics in drug discovery.

After having reviewed some aspects of microfluidic system preparation in the first part (1), in this second part of the review we will cover a number of standard operations (namely: sample preparation, sample injection, sample manipulation, reaction, separation, and detection) as well as some biological applications of micro total analysis systems (namely: cell culture, polymerase chain reaction, DNA separation, DNA sequencing, and clinical diagnostics). As previously, we will include papers issued from different scientific journals as well as useful abstracts from three conference proceedings: MEMS, Transducers, and μTAS. In this second part, we do not include the period covered by the history section (1975-1997) from part 1 but try to cover the relevant examples of the literature published between January 1998 and March 2002. We briefly describe articles that struck us as needing special attention, while more “standard” papers are dutifully reported in groups of interest. An article might be included in more than one section, depending on the ideas developed in it.

Micro total analysis systems. 2. Analytical standard operations and applications.

New heat conversion technologies need to be developed and improved to take advantage of the necessary increase in the supply of renewable energy. The Organic Rankine Cycle is well suited for these applications, mainly because of its ability to recover low-grade heat and the possibility to be implemented in decentralized lower-capacity power plants. In this paper, an overview of the different ORC applications is presented. A market review is proposed including cost figures for several commercial ORC modules and manufacturers. An in-depth analysis of the technical challenges related to the technology, such as working fluid selection and expansion machine issues is then reported. Technological constraints and optimization methods are extensively described and discussed. Finally, the current trends in research and development for the next generation of Organic Rankine Cycles are presented.

Techno-economic survey of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems

Micro total analysis systems. Recent developments.

The integration of complete analyses systems "on chip" is one of the great potentials of microfabricated devices. In this study we present a new pressure-driven microfabricated fluorescent-activated cell sorter chip with advanced functional integration. Using this sorter, fluorescent latex beads are sorted from chicken red blood cells, achieving substantial enrichments at a sample throughput of 12000 cells s(-1). As a part of the sorter chip, we have developed a monolithically integrated single step coaxial flow compound for hydrodynamic focusing of samples in flow cytometry and cell sorting. The structure is simple, and can easily be microfabricated and integrated with other microfluidic components. We have designed an integrated chamber on the chip for holding and culturing of the sorted cells. By integrating this chamber, the risk of losing cells during cell handling processes is eliminated. Furthermore, we have also developed integrated optics for cell detection. Our new design contributes to the ongoing efforts for building a fully integrated micro cell sorting and analysing system.

Integrating advanced functionality in a microfabricated high-throughput fluorescent-activated cell sorter

Modular concept of a laboratory on a chip for chemical and biochemical analysis

https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/56937738/Manuscript.pdf

Multi-objective optimization of organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery: Application in an offshore platform

https://orbit.dtu.dk/files/55474783/Design_and_optimisation_postPrint.pdf

Design and optimisation of organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery in marine applications using the principles of natural selection

https://orbit.dtu.dk/files/97402282/Selection_and_optimization_of_pure.pdf

Ulrik Larsen

Papers

Integrating advanced functionality in a microfabricated high-throughput fluorescent-activated cell sorter

Modular concept of a laboratory on a chip for chemical and biochemical analysis

Multi-objective optimization of organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery: Application in an offshore platform

Design and optimisation of organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery in marine applications using the principles of natural selection

Selection and optimization of pure and mixed working fluids for low grade heat utilization using organic Rankine cycles