Walter R. Hoeh

TL;DR: This review surveys recent advances in the understanding of DUI, which is a peculiar system of cytoplasmic DNA inheritance that involves distinct maternal and paternal routes of mtDNA transmission, a novel extension of a mitochondrial gene (cox2), recombination, and periodic 'role-reversals' of the normally male and female-transmitted mitochondrial genomes.

TL;DR: This classification summarizes the suprageneric taxonomy of the Bivalvia for the upcoming revision of the bivalvia volumes of the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part N.

TL;DR: The Branchiopoda are monophyletic, but inter-ordinal relationships, as well as many evolutionary relationships at lower taxonomic levels are still unclear, and ongoing molecular studies will more accurately depict species diversity and phylogenetic patterns.

TL;DR: The basal nature of the Unionoida within the autolamellibranch bivalve bivalves and the previously hypothesized single origin of DUI suggest that DUI arose in the ancestral autlamelliberation bivalving lineage and was subsequently lost in multiple descendant lineages and the mitochondrial genome characteristics observed in unionoids could more closely resemble the DUI ancestral condition.

TL;DR: It is shown that mtDNA intraorganismal heteroplasmy can have deterministic underpinnings and persist for hundreds of millions of years and support the hypothesis that proteins coded by the highly divergent maternally and paternally transmitted mt genomes could be directly involved in sex determination in freshwater mussels.