Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies on the biosorption of Cu(II) onto chestnut shell.

Boron removal by reverse osmosis membranes in seawater desalination applications

Hierarchical spindle-like γ-Al2O3 materials were prepared in the form of fray ended bundles of twisted nanoflakes by a non-template hydrothermal synthesis and sequential calcination route using aluminium nitrate or aluminium chloride as precursors and urea as precipitating agent. The microstructures, morphologies and textural properties of the resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. It was found that the spindle-like γ-Al2O3 particles are composed of at least three levels of hierarchical organization: polycrystalline γ-Al2O3 at the nanoscale, oriented nanoflakes and uniform spindle-like assemblies. The hierarchical γ-Al2O3 particles prepared from aluminium nitrate show a slightly smaller size, fewer self-organized nanoplatelets and better textural properties than γ-Al2O3 prepared from aluminium chloride, due to the larger aqueous ionic radius of NO3− than that of Cl−. The reported experiments allowed us to propose the mechanism of formation of the spindle-like assemblies, which involves self-transformation of metastable amorphous aluminium hydroxide particles and their sequential cooperative assembly. The as-prepared γ-Al2O3 was found to be effective adsorbent for the removal of selective pollutants from wastewater as a result of its unique hierarchical structure and high specific surface area, indicating a promising potential of this material for environmental remediation.

Template-free synthesis of hierarchical spindle-like γ-Al2O3 materials and their adsorption affinity towards organic and inorganic pollutants in water

Boron removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption — A review

Synthesis and characterization of PVA/PES thin film composite nanofiltration membrane modified with TiO2 nanoparticles for better performance and surface properties

Boron removal by adsorption onto activated alumina and by reverse osmosis

Equilibrium and kinetic studies of adsorption of silica onto activated alumina

Treatment of heavy metal polluted industrial wastewater by a new water treatment process: ballasted electroflocculation.

Lead is a priority substance in the framework of the European water policy (Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and Water Environmental Quality Standards Directive 2008/105/EC), since it presents a significant risk to biota and humans, given its persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation characteristics. This study is devoted to focus on lead removal by means of electro coagulation (EC). The performance of EC process with aluminium electrodes for removal of lead on laboratory electrochemical cell was studied. The effects of various parameters such as electrochemical treatment time, solution pH, current density (J), electrolyte concentration and electrical energy consumption on the percentage of lead removal were investigated. The optimum conditions for EC process were identiﬁed as pH 5, current density of 2.67 mA cm−2 and electrolyte concentration of 0.5 g L−1. Effect of EC reactor design parameters such as the surface-area-to-volume ratio and the distance between electrodes were investigated. The...

Optimization of the electrocoagulation process for the removal of lead from water using aluminium as electrode material

Saline waters treatment has become increasingly important for drinking
water supply in a greater part of the world. However, some serious limitations
had recently been discovered during water treatment, among them the boron problem
seems to have a critical meaning. According to the WHO regulations (2011), the
boron concentration should be reduced to less than 2.4 mg/L for
drinking water. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of
electrocoagulation (EC) as a pretreatment process to remove boron from saline
waters. To optimize the experimental conditions of boron removal, the effects
of some parameters were studied such as inter-electrode distance (die), electrode connection
mode, (S/V) ratio, pHi and
initial conductivity of the solution (σi). Subsequently, an experimental design methodology was implemented
to evaluate statistically the most significant operating parameters. The
effects of current density, EC time and initial boron concentration and their
mutual interaction were investigated using 23 full factorial design.
At optimal conditions, boron removal from synthetic aqueous solutions
containing initial boron concentrations of 5 and 50 mg/L reached 81% and 79%,
respectively. Applied to boron removal from seawater samples, EC reduces boron
concentration to less to 2.4 mg/L with excessive energy consumption under
optimal parameters.

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Papers

Boron removal by adsorption onto activated alumina and by reverse osmosis

Equilibrium and kinetic studies of adsorption of silica onto activated alumina

Treatment of heavy metal polluted industrial wastewater by a new water treatment process: ballasted electroflocculation.

Optimization of the electrocoagulation process for the removal of lead from water using aluminium as electrode material

Boron Removal by Electrocoagulation Using Full Factorial Design