https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/NP/C8NP00092A

Marine natural products.

Secondary metabolites of fungi from marine habitats.

Covering: 2010. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2011, 28, 196. This review covers the literature published in 2010 for marine natural products, with 895 citations (590 for the period January to December 2010) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1003 for 2010), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.

Review: Marine natural products

Recent developments and future prospects of antimicrobial metabolites produced by endophytes.

Endophytic fungi are ubiquitous organisms found in the plants, residing intercellular or intracellular, at least for a portion of their lives without causing apparent symptoms of infection. Almost all plants are known to harbor endophytes. The choice of the plant to be used for exploring endophytes for bioactives is important. Therefore, medicinal plants which are known to be used since centuries as an alternative source of medicine, are a valuable source for bioprospecting endophytes. Nevertheless, due to many reasons there is a dire need for novel resources for novel drugs which can be an answer to many deadly diseases. It is in this context that the present review was envisaged. The review reveals the importance of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants as a source of bioactive and chemically novel compounds. The bioactive metabolites produced by endophytic fungi originate from different biosynthetic pathways and belong to diverse structural groups such as terpenoids, steroids, quinones, phenols, coumarins etc. Endophytes therefore, represent a chemical reservoir for new compounds such as, anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antiviral, antitubercular, insecticidal etc. for use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Although, efforts have been made to accommodate as many examples as possible but the depth of the subject is so vast that it cannot be covered in one single review. This in itself speaks of the fact that endophytic fungi from medicinal plants is indeed a treasure worth searching. In the present review only some selected examples have been covered.

Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants: a treasure hunt for bioactive metabolites

Chemistry and weak antimicrobial activities of phomopsins produced by mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. ZSU-H76.

Three metabolites named phomopsin A (1), B (2) and C (3), together with two known compounds cytosporone B (4) and C (5), were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp. ZSU-H76 obtained from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. The medium-sized cyclic phenol ether based on 1 or 2 is rare in natural products. In bioassays, compounds 1, 2, and 3 had no significant antibiotic activities, but compounds 4 and 5 inhibited two fungi Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum with an MIC ranging from 32 to 64 microg/ml.

Chemistry and Weak Antimicrobial Activities of Phomopsins Produced by Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp. ZSU-H76.

A new xanthone derivative, 3,5,8-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4,4-trihydro-2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-b]-xanthen-6one (1), together with three known compounds, 5,8-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-b]xanthen6-one (2), cyclo-(N-O-methyl-L-Trp-L-Ile-D-Pip-L-2-amino-8-oxo-decanoyl) (3), and cyclo-(Phe-Tyr) (4), was isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus No. ZSU-H16 obtained from the South China Sea coast. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Compound 1 exhibited cytotoxicity against KB and KBV 200 cells with IC50 values greater than 50 μg/mL, respectively.

A new xanthone derivative from mangrove endophytic fungus No. ZSU-H16

A new isocoumarin, 3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-8-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethylisocoumarin-7-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1), together with three known compounds, 3,4-dihydro-4,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethylisocoumarin (2), 3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3-methylisocoumarin-5-carboxylic acid (3), and Entinclole SB (4) were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus (No. dz17). The structure of the compound 1 was elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data. Primary bioassays showed that 1 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against Hep-2 and HepG2 cells.

Zhongjing Huang

Papers

Chemistry and weak antimicrobial activities of phomopsins produced by mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. ZSU-H76.

Chemistry and Weak Antimicrobial Activities of Phomopsins Produced by Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis sp. ZSU-H76.

A new xanthone derivative from mangrove endophytic fungus No. ZSU-H16

A new isocoumarin from mangrove endophytic fungus (No. dz17) on the South China Sea coast

Five nitro-phenyl compounds from the South China Sea mangrove fungus