Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse

About: Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse is a nonprofit organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Poison control & Population. The organization has 37 authors who have published 65 publications receiving 2341 citations.

Methodological Issues and Selected Economic Consequences of Substance Abuse in Ontario

Abstract: Substance abuse not only adversely affects the health of users, but also imposes economic and other burdens on those around them and the society at large. Estimates of the economic costs of substance abuse are in demand by health planners, policy makers and researchers. This paper estimates selected economic consequences of substance abuse in Ontario in 1992.The cost-of-illness method, in particular, the human capital approach, is used. In addition to employment earnings, employee fringe benefits and the value of housekeeping for both men and women in and outside of the labour force are taken into account when computing productivity losses due to premature death. The costs of hospital care plus productivity losses associated with premature death are estimated to be Cdn $4.42 billion in 1992 for the province of Ontario. It is also found that the harm associated with substance abuse is higher for men than for women.

The epidemiology of cocaine and opiate abuse in urban Canada.

Abstract: This study describes the epidemiology of cocaine and heroin abuse in urban Canada as part of an initial report on a national substance abuse surveillance system, the Canadian Community Epidemiology Network on Drug Use Data pertaining to prevalence of use, law enforcement, treatment, morbidity and mortality of cocaine and heroin were obtained from the appropriate health and law enforcement institutions in six sentinel cities: Vancouver, Calgary, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal and Halifax Cocaine and heroin appear to be more available in Vancouver than in the remaining cities In all CCENDU cities, large proportions of persons in treatment programs for substance abuse identified cocaine as their major addiction; however, there is considerable variation in treatment utilization regarding heroin Vancouver ranks first in terms of the per capita number of cocaine- and heroin-related hospital separations and mortality rate Cocaine abuse appears to be an emerging problem in Calgary, Winnipeg and Halifax, and opiate abuse appears to be an emerging problem in Calgary

Does context matter? A multilevel analysis of gambling settings among undergraduates

Abstract: Background: Research has yet to disentangle and estimate the relative contributions of both contextual and individual characteristics to explain time and money expenditures on gambling. Methods: Data are drawn from the University Student Gambling Habit Survey (ENHJEU), a campus-stratified survey targeting full-time undergraduates enrolled at three universities in Montreal, Canada (N = 2139). Up to three gambling occasions were investigated per respondent, resulting in 1757 gambling occasions distributed among 916 students. Multilevel analyses were performed to estimate the variances in time and money expenditures that are derived at the individual level (level 2) and at the contextual level (level 1). Results: Regarding time expenditures, the intraclass correlation revealed that 58% of the estimated variance is between students, whereas 42% is between occasions. All contextual variables including alcohol use, days of the week, social context, group size and experience of play were significantly re...