Chandka Medical College

About: Chandka Medical College is a education organization based out in Larkana, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicine & Population. The organization has 106 authors who have published 108 publications receiving 1170 citations.

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): Risk Assessment in Hospitalized Patients

Abstract: Objective: To determine the number of hospitalized patients at risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) / deep vein thrombosis (DVT), identifying the most common risk factor and to document the use of thromboprophylaxis. Study Design: Observational and cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana, from October to December 2011. Methodology: A total of 170 patients underwent this study and these included 51 (30%) from general medical, and 119 (70%) from surgical units. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined and data was collected on printed format. VTE risk assessment was done according to Caprini Model and criteria defined by the American College of Chest PhysiciansACCP. Results: Out of 170 patients, 91 were male and 79 female with mean age of 39 ± 16 years. According to ACCP criteria for VTE risk assessment, 20% (n=34) patients were identified to be at low risk, 20% (n=34) at moderate risk, 47.65% (n=81) at high risk and 12.35% (n=21) at very high risk of developing VTE. The commonest risk factor significantly identified was immobility (54.7%, p < 0.005), followed by advancing age (41.17%, p < 0.005) and obesity (18.23%). The most common risk factor in all types of surgical patients was anaesthesia for more than 45 minutes 82.35% (n=98/119) and in medical patients advancing age 45% (n=23/51). Only 6 (3.5%) patients received thromboprophylaxis, all were surgical patients of very high-risk category. Conclusion: Majority of studied hospitalized patients were at high risk of developing VTE. Immobility was the commonest risk factor for developing VTE, followed by advancing age and obesity. Very few hospitalized patients actually received thromboprophylaxis.

A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial on the antileishmanial activity of a Morinda citrifolia (Noni) stem extract and its major constituents.

Abstract: A controlled study was conducted to determine the efficiency of a topical ointment prepared from the stem extract of Morinda citrifolia against cutaneous leishmaniasis. Similarly, the in vitro antileishmanial activity of morindicone and morinthone isolated from the extract were investigated against Leishmania major. These compounds displayed good activity. Out of 40 patients, 50% showed an excellent response and 30% exhibited good improvement.

Perineal ectopic testis - a rare encounter in paediatric surgical practice.

Abstract: Perineal ectopic testis is a rare form of testicular maldescent. We report 2 patients with perineal ectopic testes, in one of them, the condition was bilateral (only the 6th case of this variety). Surgery was performed in both cases and testicles were mobilized and fixed in the scrotum. Gubernaculum testis was found to be fixed in the perineum. Examination of patient with empty scrotum (maldescent testes) should include examination of sites like perineum to look for ectopic testis.

The Prevention and Management of Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Mini-review of the Literature.

Abstract: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury, also called contrast-induced nephropathy, is one of the main causes of acute renal failure/acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients within 48 to 72 hours of contrast media administration during various radiologic procedures. Several factors can be responsible for contrast-induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN); however, patient and procedure-related factors play the lead role in determining the development of contrast-induced nephropathy. There is no definitive treatment and hydration remains the mainstay preventive strategy. This article will review the incidence, criteria for definitive diagnosis, and an effective approach on how to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy in a clinical setup.

Chronic renal failure in children.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical presentation and find out the underlying cause of chronic renal failure (CRF). METHODS This is a descriptive prospective study of patients attending children hospital, Chandka Medical College Larkana and National Institute of Child Health (Paediatric Nephrology Unit) Karachi from January 1993 to December 1996. RESULTS Seventy eight confirmed cases of chronic renal failure (CRF) were included in the study. Out of them 51 were male and 27 females (M:F ratio 1.8:1). Most of the children (90%) presented after 3 years of age. Common clinical presentation were anaemia (93.5%) cases, growth retardation (74.3% cases), urinary complaints (65.3%) cases and hypertension (53.8%) cases. Common causes leading to CRF were reflux nephropathy (24.5%), posterior uretheral valves (23%), chronic glomerulonephritis (15.4%) and urolithiasis (14%). CONCLUSION Early diagnosis and management of most common causes of CRF may prevent and delay the progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD).