Institution
Exponent
Company•Menlo Park, California, United States•
About: Exponent is a company organization based out in Menlo Park, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Risk assessment. The organization has 1589 authors who have published 2680 publications receiving 88140 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Evidence is weak to support the occurrence of ecologically significant adverse effects on aquatic life as a result of exposure to HOCs sorbed to microplastics or to wildlife populations and humans from secondary exposure via the food chain.
Abstract: A state-of-the-science review was conducted to examine the potential for microplastics to sorb hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) from the marine environment, for aquatic organisms to take up these HOCs from the microplastics, and for this exposure to result in adverse effects to ecological and human health. Despite concentrations of HOCs associated with microplastics that can be orders of magnitude greater than surrounding seawater, the relative importance of microplastics as a route of exposure is difficult to quantify because aquatic organisms are typically exposed to HOCs from various compartments, including water, sediment, and food. Results of laboratory experiments and modeling studies indicate that HOCs can partition from microplastics to organisms or from organisms to microplastics, depending on experimental conditions. Very little information is available to evaluate ecological or human health effects from this exposure. Most of the available studies measured biomarkers that are more indicative of exposure than effects, and no studies showed effects to ecologically relevant endpoints. Therefore, evidence is weak to support the occurrence of ecologically significant adverse effects on aquatic life as a result of exposure to HOCs sorbed to microplastics or to wildlife populations and humans from secondary exposure via the food chain. More data are needed to fully understand the relative importance of exposure to HOCs from microplastics compared with other exposure pathways. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1667–1676. © 2016 SETAC
350 citations
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TL;DR: The weight of the available evidence warrants immediate attention to address the significance of aerosols and implications for public health protection.
Abstract: This article analyzes the available evidence to address airborne, aerosol transmission of the SARS-CoV-2. We review and present three lines of evidence: case reports of transmission for asymptomatic individuals in association with studies that show that normal breathing and talking produce predominantly small droplets of the size that are subject to aerosol transport; limited empirical data that have recorded aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 particles that remain suspended in the air for hours and are subject to transport over distances including outside of rooms and intrabuilding, and the broader literature that further supports the importance of aerosol transmission of infectious diseases. The weight of the available evidence warrants immediate attention to address the significance of aerosols and implications for public health protection.
342 citations
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TL;DR: This information is important when counseling elderly patients regarding the risks of mortality and PJI after TKA and risk-adjusting publicly reported TKA patient outcomes.
Abstract: Background
The impact of specific baseline comorbid conditions on the relative risk of postoperative mortality and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in elderly patients undergoing TKA has not been well defined.
338 citations
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TL;DR: Revision TKA procedures were most commonly performed in large, urban, nonteaching hospitals in Medicare patients ages 65 to 74 and the average length of hospital stay was 5.1 days, the average total charges were $49,360, and the most common type of revision TKA procedure reported was all component revision.
Abstract: Understanding the cause of failure and type of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures performed in the United States is essential in guiding research, implant design, and clinical decision making in TKA. We assessed the causes of failure and specific types of revision TKA procedures performed in the United States using newly implemented ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes related to revision TKA data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Clinical, demographic, and economic data were reviewed and analyzed from 60,355 revision TKA procedures performed in the United States between October 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006. The most common causes of revision TKA were infection (25.2%) and implant loosening (16.1%), and the most common type of revision TKA procedure reported was all component revision (35.2%). Revision TKA procedures were most commonly performed in large, urban, nonteaching hospitals in Medicare patients ages 65 to 74. The average length of hospital stay (LOS) for all revision TKA procedures was 5.1 days, and the average total charges were $49,360. However, average LOS, average charges, and procedure frequencies varied considerably by census region, hospital type, and procedure performed.
338 citations
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TL;DR: The demand for TKA has risen substantially over the past decade in countries around the world, and the procedure rate significantly increased over time for the countries in which historical data were available.
Abstract: Purpose
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is currently the international standard of care for treating degenerative and rheumatologic knee joint disease, as well as certain knee joint fractures. We sought to answer the following three research questions: (1) What is the international variance in primary and revision TKA rates around the world? (2) How do patient demographics (e.g., age, gender) vary internationally? (3) How have the rates of TKA utilization changed over time?
329 citations
Authors
Showing all 1593 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Hans-Olov Adami | 145 | 908 | 83473 |
Melvin E. Andersen | 83 | 517 | 26856 |
Joseph Katz | 81 | 691 | 27793 |
Lorna J. Gibson | 75 | 178 | 33835 |
Buddhima Indraratna | 64 | 735 | 15596 |
Barbara A. Goff | 61 | 227 | 11859 |
Jack S. Mandel | 60 | 171 | 22308 |
Antonio Gens | 58 | 269 | 14987 |
Ellen T. Chang | 57 | 209 | 11567 |
Dayang Wang | 55 | 185 | 9513 |
Edmund Lau | 52 | 183 | 22520 |
Steven M. Kurtz | 52 | 249 | 8066 |
Alfred J. Crosby | 51 | 206 | 8310 |
Suresh H. Moolgavkar | 51 | 169 | 8833 |
Michael T. Halpern | 51 | 237 | 16566 |