Showing papers by "Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul published in 1999"

A química dos liquens

Abstract: Lichens are symbiotic associations between fungi and algae and/or cyanobacteria. They produce common intracellular products including proteins, amino acids, polyols, carotenoids, polysaccharides and vitamins. The secondary metabolites found in lichens are phenolics which accumulate either on the cortex or on the cell walls of medullary hyphae and they are mainly acetyl-polimalonyl pathway derivatives. Polysaccharides, proteins and secondary metabolites produced by lichens have attracted the attention of investigators due their biological activities. This revision coments about the biosynthetic origin and structures of the principal classes of compounds produced by these organisms.

Dengue epidemic in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in 1997.

Abstract: During 1997 a large dengue epidemic occurred in Rio Grande do Norte, a State in north-east Brazil. The co-circulation of dengue virus type 1 and dengue virus type 2 was demonstrated by virus isolation in Aedes albopictus clone C6/36 cell-line and by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed 52.3% of the 8105 studied cases and dengue antigen was demonstrated by immunohistochemical reaction on hepatocytes from 2 out of 5 fatal cases studied. Individual risk factors for development of dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma, are discussed.

Metodología de colecta de Tephritidae y Lonchaeidae frugívoros (Diptera: Tephritoidea) y sus parasitoides (Hymenoptera)

Abstract: In Brazil, the tephritids and lonchaeids are represented by important pests of fruits and vegetables, and both groups can share the same niches. This paper presents a methodology for collecting true fruit flies, lonchaeids, and their hymenopteran parasitoids from flowers, pods and fruits. A single layer of these plant materials was placed over a platform (50 cm long, 32 cm wide, 10 cm high), made of wood and plastic mesh (9 mm diameter), all put inside a plastic tray (MarfiniteTM, model 1013) with inner dimensions of 56 cm long, 35 cm wide, and 20 cm deep. The tray had a layer of about 15 mm of water to retain the 3rd instar larvae after they left the flowers, pods or fruits to pupate. Larvae were collected every 12h by pouring water in a sieve with a mesh of 1mm diameter. Larvae of the tephritids Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) were separated from the lonchaeids Dasiops spp., Lonchaea spp. and Neosilba spp. in different containers until adult emergence. The separation of both frugivorous families at the larval stage allowed the establishment of host associations with parasitoids. The braconids Asobara, Doryctobracon, Opius and Utetes parasitized the Anastrepha spp. and C. capitata larvae. On the other hand, the eucoilids of the Aganaspis, Lopheucoila, Odontosema and Trybliographa genera parasitized Neosilba spp. larvae. The pteromalids parasitized both families of frugivorous flies.

Saúde e estado nutricional infantil de uma população da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil

Abstract: OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional de criancas residentes em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. METODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base domiciliar, atraves de um inquerito antropometrico-social, com amostra de 652 criancas de 0 a 59 meses de idade. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas baixas prevalencias de deficts nutricionais, com excecao para deficits de altura/idade, tendo inicio ainda no primeiro ano de vida. O estado nutricional mostrou-se influenciado pelas condicoes socioeconomicas, especialmente a renda per capita familiar. Quase a totalidade das criancas iniciaram a amamentacao, mas o desmame teve inicio ainda no primeiro mes. O aleitamento materno exclusivo e de curta duracao, com oferta precoce de substitutos do leite materno. A analise da assistencia materno-infantil apresentou boa cobertura de pre-natal, mas deficiente no acompanhamento da saude infantil em todas as faixas de renda. CONCLUSOES: Identificou-se a necessidade de realizar alteracoes na abordagem das acoes preventivas de vigilância da situacao nutricional das criancas, para que haja condicoes de desenvolver acoes diferenciadas no campo nutricional.

Parasitismo natural de ovos de Alabama argillacea Hüb. e Heliothis virescens Fab. (Lep.: Noctuidae) por Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) em algodoeiros no Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract: Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinarias Departamento de Fitossanidade

Synthesis of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: an important class of antihypertensive drugs

Abstract: This report outlines the discovery, the design and development of new compounds, and, structure-activity relationships for this drug category. Updated approaches to planned syntheses of new worthy ACE-inhibitors are also exploited.

Divergioic Acid, a Triterpene from Vochysia divergens

Abstract: A new lupane triterpene, divergioic acid, has been isolated from the stem bark of Vochysia divergens together with b-sitosterol, betulinic, sericic and 24-hydroxytormentic acids and the (28 ® 1) b-D-glucopyranosyl ester of the latter. The structure of divergioic acid was elucidated by spectroscopic techniques and characterized as 2a,3b,6b-trihydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid.

Representações sociais da equipe de enfermagem sobre a criança desnutrida e sua família

Abstract: O presente estudo derivou de nosso interesse em aprofundarmos nossos conhecimentos em relacao a pratica da enfermagem junto as criancas desnutridas e suas familias. Nossos objetivos foram: compreender as representacoes sociais da equipe de enfermagem sobre a crianca desnutrida e sua familia e analisar como essas representacoes podem interferir no processo de cuidar. Baseando-nos nos principios da pesquisa qualitativa, adotamos o referencial teorico-metodologico das representacoes sociais. Para coleta e analise dos dados utilizamos tecnicas projetivas e analise de conteudo do discurso, respectivamente. Os resultados apontaram para uma concepcao ingenua dos profissionais de enfermagem, que reproduzem na pratica assistencial um forte codigo moral e habitos higienicos a familia o que nao propicia a formacao de consciencia critica para lutarem por seus direitos de cidadania.

Microbial Transformation of (+)-10β,14-Dihydroxy-allo-aromadendrane and (–)-allo-Aromadendrone

Abstract: The biotransformation of (+)-10β,14-dihydroxy-allo-aromadendrane 1 and (–)-allo-aromadendrone 2 by Beauvaria densa CMC 3240, Beauvaria bassiana ATCC 7159, Curvularia lunata 2380 and Rhizopus sp. (from grapes) is investigated.

Comportamento docente no ensino de graduação em enfermagem: a percepção dos alunos

Abstract: The purposes of the present study are: to identify faculty's predominant behaviors in undergraduate nursing teaching, according to the students' perception and to classify them in different groups of faculty, relating them to the teaching framework. Data were obtained through questionnaires, applied to fifty-two students from the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Considering the results obtained from both periods, we can conclude that there is a certain plurality in the faculty behaviors, with a predominance of teachers concerned about contents, methods and techniques, with characteristics of the traditional, behaviorist and cognitive frameworks.

A luta pela terra no Brasil

Abstract: Neste artigo buscaremos relacionar a estrutura agraria brasileira, notadamente marcada pelo monopolio da terra, com as lutas sociais no campo, partindo da conviccao de que se nosso passado simboliza a continuidade de um modelo politico concentrador e excludente, e tambem palco de inumeras batalhas sociais de resistencia como no presente, as acoes do MST - Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra

Designing an undergraduate laboratory course in general chemistry

Abstract: From an analysis of a learning model based on the theory of information processing four hypothesis were developed for improving the design of laboratory courses. Three of these hypotheses concerned specific procedures to minimise the load on students' working memories (or working spaces) and the fourth hypothesis was concerned with the value of mini-projects in enhancing meaningful learning of the knowledge and skills underpinning the set experiments. A three-year study of a first year undergraduate chemistry laboratory course at a Scottish university has been carried out to test these four hypotheses. This paper reports the results of the study relevant to the three hypotheses about the burden on students' working spaces. It was predicted from the learning model that the load on students working space should be reduced by appropriate changes to the written instructions and the laboratory organisation and by the introduction of prelab-work and prelab-training in laboratory techniques. It was concluded from research conducted over the three years period that all these hypothesised changes were effective both in reducing the load on students' working spaces and in improving their attitudes to the laboratory course.

Estudo comparativo do efeito das telas de politetrafluoroetileno expandido e de polipropileno, colocadas por laparoscopia, em hérnias ventrais produzidas em coelhos

Abstract: The objective is to study the effect of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polypropylene (PP) mesh in the repair of incisional hernias with laparoscopy. Were used 45 new Zeland white rabbits, with weight between 2700g and 3100g. In 15 PTFE mesh was used, in 15 PP mesh was used and in the other 15, that were called the control group, nothing was used. All of them were submitted to standardized incisional hernias, they were repaired by laparoscopy with PTFE and PP mesh in the first and second groups, and in the control group has just done the adhesions. On the 35th day the animals were submitted to laparoscopy, this was done to see if there were adhesions in the mesh (in groups PP and PTFE) or in the hernia (in the control group ), if there were any intestinal adhesions and if the mesh was wrinkled or stretched. One segment of the abdominal wall was submitted to an intended rupture force and another segment was submitted to a histologic evaluation with colagens fibres count. On the 35th and 70th days, the control group showed lesser adhesions than the other two groups, (PTFE and PP mesh groups), and PTFE mesh group showed less adhesions than the PP mesh group. The PP mesh group showed a lot more colagen's fibres than the other two groups and the PTFE mesh group showed more colagen's fibres than the control group. The hernias didn't recidived in the treated groups and have concluded that the mesh used was effective in the hernias treatment and the PP mesh determined more adhesions.

Características da carcaça de bovinos Canchim e Aberdeen Angus e de seus cruzamentos recíprocos terminados em confinamento

Abstract: Fourteen quantitative carcass traits of 137 Canchim; 5/8 Charolais + 3/8 Zebu, (Ca), Aberdeen Angus (Ab), 3/4Ca+1/4Ab, 3/4Ab+1/4Ca, 5/8Ca+3/8Ab and 5/8Ab+3/8Ca, born at Est. Exp. Fazenda Modelo, in Ponta Grossa-PR, Brazil, from 1988 to 1993, were analyzed. Averages for age at beginning of confinement, initial weight, length of confinement period, final age and final weight were, respectively, 737 days, 356kg, 97 days, 834 days and 468kg. During the confinement period the animals were fed corn silage ad libitum plus a concentrate ration (79% TDN, 17,8% CP) offered on the basis of 1% of animal live weight per day. The results showed that Ca and Ab differed with respect to all traits, except side cut percentage. Ca was superior to Ab for hot carcass weight (PCQ), dressing percentage (RCQ), area of eye muscle (AOL), conformation score, percentage of lean tissue (PEM), weight of eatable portion (PPC) and hot carcass weight per day of life at slaughter (PCQ/DDV). Ab animals had thicker fat cover over rib eye (EGC) and higher percentages of fat and of bones in the carcass than Ca animals. There was heterotic response for PCQ, RCQ, AOL, PPC and PCQ/DDV. The two advanced crisscross Ca x Ab generations performed better than parental average for PCQ, RCQ, AOL, PPC and PCQ/DDV. Performance of a rotational Ca x Ab crossbreeding system would be superior to that of any of the paternal breeds.

Datações arqueológicas em Mato Grosso do Sul.

Abstract: The aim of this article is to show the first results of thermoluminescence and C 14 dating, correlating to archaeological sites of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul.

Autogenic bone plug to seal burr holes: technical note

Abstract: Many neurosurgical procedures can be performed by a single burr hole: neuro-endoscopy, microvascular decompression, stereotactic procedures, chronic subdural haematomas. It is technically difficult to suture and close the dura, located at the bottom of such holes, which can lately lead to CSF leakage. On the other hand, the surgical material used to seal the burr holes can be divided in heterogenic (metal screws, silicon plugs, gelfoam, bone wax, metilmetacrilate, hydroxyapatite), and autogenic (fat, aponeurosis, muscle, and bone dust from trephination). The heterogenic group always brings the possibility of foreign body reaction, which can complicate the procedure lately, ensuing a new surgical procedure to clean up the area. It also favors infection. We present a simple, economic, and biologically compatible "autogenic bone plug" to seal burr holes using the bone dust from the original trephination packed with surgical. The incidence of CSF fistulae on that procedures performed by a single burr hole lowered to almost zero, and foreign body reaction was not observed to present.

Processo químico industrial de extração de óleo vegetal: um experimento de química geral

Abstract: In this study we describe an experimental procedure based on a chemical industrial process of soya-bean oil extraction applied in general chemistry for undergraduate students. The experiment was planned according to the Science, Technology and Society (STS) approach to teach basic chemical concepts and provide grounding in the management of environmental care. The use of real life chemistry problems seems to salient the relevance of chemistry to our students and enhances their motivation to learn both the practical and theoretical components of the discipline.

Effects of radial particle diffusion on the electron cyclotron absorption coefficient in tokamak plasmas in the presence of lower hybrid waves

Abstract: In this paper we study the effects of particle radial transport on the electron cyclotron absorption coefficient. We consider a tokamak plasma under the combined action of lower hybrid waves, electron cyclotron waves, collisions and spatial transport of electrons across magnetic surfaces. Our results, found from the numerical solution of the diffusion equation, indicate a significant modification in the profile of the electron cyclotron absorption coefficient around the resonant surface when transport is taken into account relative to the situation when transport is absent.

Quantitative determination of furocoumarins in samples of Carapia by capillary gas chromatography

Abstract: Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Quim Araraquara, Dept Quim Analit, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil

Comparação das comunidades de Entomobryidae e Isotomidae (Collembola) entre plantio direto em três níveis de fertilidade, plantio convencional e um ecossistema natural (campo nativo) em Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil

Abstract: This work had as objective to compare the communities of Sminthuroidea and Onychiuridae (Collembola) among no-tillage in three fertility levels, conventional tillage and a natural ecosystem (native grassland). In the conventional tillage and in the no-tillage in area of medium fertility, the community of Sminthuroidea had regular fluctuation along the period of the experiment, but wtth low densities. The no-tillage in area of high fertility presented a populational pick in the autumn; the no-tillage in area of low fertility, in the spring; and, the natural ecosystem, in the summer. As the final mean density of the population of Sminthuroidea, was observed that the no-tillage in area of low fertility went numerically superior to the others, proceeded by the natural ecosystem, no-tillage in area of high fertility, conventional tillage, and, finally, no-tillage in area of medium fertility. Onychiuridae had three populational picks in the no-tillage in area of low fertility: being a larger in the winter and other two, smaller in the summer and in the autumn. In the no-tillage in area of medium fertility presented only a populational pick in the winter. In the other treatments there was not significantly populational picks. In relation to the final mean density ofthe community of Onychiuridae, the no-tillage plantation in area of low fertility was superior, proceeded by the other treatments of no-tillage, and, in third plan, the natural ecosystem and the conventional tillage.

Serologic Testing for Chagas' Disease and HIV in Counseling Programs and Blood Banks in Midwest Brazil.

Abstract: For many years it has been the practice in Brazil to question donors and to test blood to be used in blood banks for HIV, Chagas' disease, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis. Counseling and blood testing programs have recently been established to assist in identifying and treating those with HIV. In a blood bank center in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State (MS), we evaluated the frequency and age of patients with positive tests for T.cruzi in order to determine whether the frequency and age distribution indicated that this infection should be added to the counseling and testing programs. A group of 476 first time blood donors were enrolled to answer a questionnaire and to be tested serologically for Chagas' disease, HIV, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis. A standard ELISA and an IFA test were used for Chagas' disease patients. Five patients (1.1%) were serologically positive for T.cruzi infection. All five were male between 22 and 35 years of age. None of the five had been born in Mato Grosso do Sul State. Four donors donated blood in order to obtain serologic test results, only one donated blood as a social responsibility. One was HIV positive and related previous STD, and one had received a blood transfusion between 1980 and 1986. Each had had only one sexual partner in the last six months. The age range and the frequency of 1.1% suggest that it would be beneficial to include this disease in counseling and testing program in Brazil. The limitations of this approach are the relatively low attendance at such centers in Mato Grosso do Sul (1.7 people/day compared to a national average of 2.9 people/day), the slow reporting time for results (1 week compared to 1 day for the blood bank reporting), and the absence of a standard disease-specific testing procedure. We recommend increasing the use of serologic tests for T.cruzi and designing appropriate questionnaires in counseling and testing programs now used primarily for HIV, assuming the existing limitations can be overcome.

The Use of Mini-Projects in an Undergraduate Laboratory Course in Chemistry

Abstract: This paper reports the results of a three-year study of the effectiveness of mini-projects in a first year laboratory course in chemistry at a Scottish university. A mini-project is a short, practical problem which requires for its solution the application of the knowledge and skills developed in previously completed set experiments. A number of recommendations have been made about the most appropriate ways of introducing mini-projects into undergraduate laboratory course. The main hypothesis of this survey was concerned with the value of mini-projects in laboratory courses formulated within the context of Information Processing Theory.

Ambiente e cultura no contexto da ocupação indígena da planície de inundação do Pantanal

Abstract: Pesquisas arqueologicas realizadas no Pantanal indicam que a ocupacao humana da maior planicie de inundacao do globo iniciou-se, no minimo, ha 8.200 AP (anos Antes do Presente) com populacoes cacadoras-coletoras-pescadoras pre-ceramistas associadas a aterros. A partir do final do Optimum Climaticum a ocupacao foi intensificada, consequencia tambem de um provavel aumento da biodiversidade local, com uma grande concentracao faunistica que ainda hoje marca os ecossistemas regionais. Devido ao posicionamento geografico singular do Pantanal, supoe-se que tais populacoes tenham vindo do Chaco, dos Cerrados ou da Pre-Amazonia. As pressoes exercidas pelo meio ambiente, em especial a sazonalidade marcante da regiao, influenciaram a adaptacao ecologica dessas populacoes, sendo fator importante para a instalacao de seus assentamentos sistematicos. Provavelmente entre 3.000 e 2.000 AP a planicie de inundacao ja estaria povoada por varios grupos ceramistas portadores Tradicao Pantanal, em sua maioria canoeiros, a exemplo dos Guato e de outros grupos exterminados durante a Conquista Iberica.

Health and nutritional status of infants in an urban region of Brazil

Abstract: Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos e Saude Publica do Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). Campo Grande, MS Brasil (DLBR); Departamento de Nutricao da Faculdade de Saude Publica da Universidade de Sao Paulo (FSP/USP). Sao Paulo, SP Brasil (STP); Departamento de Saude Materno-Infantil da FSP/USP. Sao Paulo, SP Brasil (ACD’AT); Departamento de Computacao e Estatistica do Centro de Ciencias Exatas e Tecnologicas da UFMS (JRZ)

Psicanálise e educação: banquete, fast food e merenda escolar

Abstract: The reason of this study is to think about education under the perspective of the psychological formation of the university professor. A brief historical study highlights the complexity with which it was symbolically treated by Antiquity. Considering the relationship of education and food, and the symbolic intimacy between orality and procreation demonstrated by psychoanalysis, education and seduction are articulated, maintaining on the horizon the idea of engendering an imaginary child. Hence, our modern concept of childhood placed within the notion of education thus understood and the difficulties in learning, as well as the restricted manner with which education is normally practiced in schools, are discussed.

Microbial Transformation of (+)-10β,14-Dihydroxy-allo-aromadendrane and (-)-allo-Aromadendrone.

Abstract: The biotransformation of (+)-10β,14-dihydroxy-allo-aromadendrane 1 and (–)-allo-aromadendrone 2 by Beauvaria densa CMC 3240, Beauvaria bassiana ATCC 7159, Curvularia lunata 2380 and Rhizopus sp. (from grapes) is investigated.