Islamic Azad University of Mashhad

About: Islamic Azad University of Mashhad is a education organization based out in Mashhad, Iran. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Fuzzy logic. The organization has 458 authors who have published 440 publications receiving 4732 citations.

Highly efficient, four-component one-pot synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles using Keggin-type heteropolyacids as green and reusable catalysts

Abstract: An efficient and improved procedure for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles is developed by Keggin-type heteropolyacid (HPA) catalyzed four-component one-pot coupling protocol in refluxing ethanol.

A catalytic method for synthesis of Biginelli-type 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2 (1H)-one using 12-tungstophosphoric acid

Abstract: A simple, efficient and cost-effective method for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one by a one-pot three-component cyclocondensation reaction of a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, an aldehyde and urea or thiourea using 12-tungstophosphoric acid as a recyclable catalyst is reported.

Health risk assessments of arsenic and toxic heavy metal exposure in drinking water in northeast Iran

Abstract: Arsenic and heavy metals are the main cause of water pollution and impact human health worldwide. Therefore, this study aims to assess the probable health risk (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk) for adults and children that are exposed to arsenic and toxic heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cr, and Hg) through ingestion and dermal contact with drinking water. In this study, chemical analysis and testing were conducted on 140 water samples taken from treated drinking water in Mashhad, Iran. The health risk assessments were evaluated using hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and lifetime cancer risk (CR). The results of the HQ values of arsenic and heavy metals for combined pathways were below the safety level (HQ < 1) for adults, while the HI for children were higher than the safety limit in some stations. Likewise, Cr showed the highest average contribution of HItotal elements (55 to 71.2%) for adult and children population. The average values of total carcinogenic risk (TCR) through exposure to drinking water for children and adults were 1.33 × 10−4 and 7.38 × 10−5, respectively. Overall, the CRtotal through exposure to drinking water for children and adults was borderline or higher than the safety level of US EPA risk, suggesting the probability of carcinogenic risk for the children and adults to the carcinogenic elements via ingestion and dermal routes. Therefore, appropriate purification improvement programs and control measures should be implemented to protect the health of the residents in this metropolitan city.