Showing papers by "Kuvempu University published in 2007"
TL;DR: Ethanol extract of the leaves of Embelia ribes Burm and its isolated quinone compound embelin were screened for wound healing activity by excision, incision and dead space wound models on Swiss Albino Rats and histological examination of the granulation tissue of embelin treated group showed increased cross-linking of collagen fibers and absence of monocytes.
176 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a zinc-carbon nanotubes composite coatings were obtained from a sulphate bath containing dispersed carbon nanotube (CNTs) and electrochemical and weight loss measurements were made to find the corrosion behavior of composite coating.
Abstract: Zn–carbon nanotubes composite coatings were obtained from a sulphate bath containing dispersed carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The electrochemical and weight loss measurements were made to find the corrosion behavior of composite coating. The presence of carbon nanotubes shifts the potential of zinc deposit to more positive values. The composite coatings were porous free and the service life of coating was examined by salt spray test. The electrochemical studies revealed higher resistance of composite coatings to corrosion. The surface morphology was investigated by recording the SEM images of coating before and after corrosion. The mechanism of action against corrosion was established.
160 citations
TL;DR: Synthesized compounds are studied for their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, and some of the tested compounds showed significant pharmacological activities.
152 citations
TL;DR: Tramadol[2]-methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol hydrate, a drug, was tested as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 m HCl and 0.25 m H2SO4 separately at 300, 310 and 320 k using mass loss and galvanostatic polarization techniques as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Tramadol[2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol hydrate], a drug, was tested as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M HCl and 0.25 M H2SO4 separately at 300, 310 and 320 K using mass loss and galvanostatic polarization techniques. The percentage protection efficiencies were evaluated at different concentrations of the inhibitor at different temperatures. The protection efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration and decreased with increase in temperature in both the acid solutions. Galvanostatic polarization studies showed that the inhibitor is of mixed type with a slight predominance of cathodic character. The inhibitor was more active in HCl than in H2SO4. The maximum protection efficiency approached 82.6% in the presence of 2.16 × 10−3 M inhibitor. Some samples of mild steel were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The inhibitor was found to adsorb on the mild steel surface according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The thermodynamic functions of dissolution and adsorption processes were evaluated.
102 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the deposition and stripping processes of lead and copper and cadmium ions over the wide concentrations range of 1 −10 −5 to 5 − 10 −9 ǫ M, have been studied at mercury film deposited on wax impregnated carbon paste electrode.
83 citations
TL;DR: An inexpensive and simple method was adopted for the preparation of chitosan beads, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA), for the controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An inexpensive and simple method was adopted for the preparation of chitosan beads, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA), for the controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS). The beads were prepared by varying the experimental conditions such as pH, temperature, and extent of crosslinking. The absence of any chemical interaction among drug, polymer, and the crosslinking agent was confirmed by FTIR and thermal analysis. The beads were characterized by microscopy, which indicated that the particles were in the size range of 500–700 μm and SEM studies revealed smooth surface and spherical shape of beads. The beads produced at higher temperature and extended exposure to GA exhibited lower drug content, whereas increased drug loading resulted in enhanced drug release. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 211–217, 2007
62 citations
TL;DR: Investigation of the effects of short-term exposure of free-feeding Limnonectus limnocharis tadpoles to field concentrations of malathion revealed the possible threat to this species in the agroecosystems of the Western Ghats.
Abstract: The effects of short-term exposure (28 days) of free-feeding Limnonectus limnocharis (Indian cricket frog) tadpoles to field concentrations of malathion were investigated. This frog species is a major biotic component of the agroecosystems of the Western Ghats (13 degrees 18', 75 degrees 25' and 13 degrees 22', 75 degrees 28'), where malathion (diethyl [(dimethoxy phosphino thioyl] butanediote), an organophosphate pesticide, is being used extensively. Although malathion is known to cause nonreversible acetylcholine inhibition and diminishes activity, growth and development in amphibian tadpoles, such data on Indian amphibian species are lacking. In the present study, increments in the following were used to assess such an impact: tadpole growth; increase in total length, body length, tail length, and body weight; and food consumption. The different concentrations of malathion employed were 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 3000 mug L(-1). Malathion exposure produced significant effects on all measured parameters. Tadpole survival decreased from 20 to 6 tadpoles, with an increase in concentration followed by a decrease in growth. Food consumption of surviving tadpoles also decreased (0.067 mg.g(-1).d(-1) to 0.0075 mg.g(-1).d(-1)) with increased malathion. Decreased food consumption, growth, and development of L. limnocharis tadpoles with an increase of malathion concentration (within field concentration range) over temporal scale reveal the possible threat to this species in the agroecosystems of the Western Ghats.
56 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a facile synthesis of alpha, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids from gem-dibromomethylarenes is described and used in the Knoevenagel-Doebner reaction as aldehyde equivalents.
Abstract: A facile synthesis of alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids from gem-dibromomethylarenes is described. gem-Dibromomethylarenes are employed for the first time in the Knoevenagel-Doebner reaction as aldehyde equivalents for the efficient synthesis of alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids.
54 citations
TL;DR: The present paper reports the abnormalities recorded among four species of frogs inhabiting forest, water bodies, agriculture (paddy) fields and coffee plantations, suspect chemical contamination as a factor causing the abnormality in this region.
Abstract: The present paper reports the abnormalities recorded among four species of frogs: Limnonectus limnocharis, L. keralensis, L. brevipalmata, and Tomopterna (Spherotheca) rufescens inhabiting forest, water bodies, agriculture (paddy) fields and coffee plantations. The survey and sampling was made over a period of three years in early post monsoon (October) of 2001, 2002 and 2003. Of 6,303 frogs encountered 229 were abnormal (3.63%). Among the four types of habitat, coffee plantation has a high incidence of abnormality (4.64%), followed by agriculture field (paddy) (3.98%) and water bodies (3.92%), while no abnormal frogs were recorded from surveyed forest sites. Among the four species, maximum abnormality was recorded in L. brevipalmata (8.92%) followed by T. rufescens (6.12%), L. limnocharis and L. keralensis (3.26% each). Excepting the forest, in all other sampling areas, large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are being used. Therefore, we suspect chemical contamination as a factor causing the abnormality in this region, but this needs confirmation.
48 citations
TL;DR: The photocleavage experiments showed that the cobalt(III) complex can cleave pUC19 DNA effectively in the absence of external additives as an effective inorganic nuclease, and supports the large enhancement in the relative viscosity of DNA on binding to quinolo[3,2-b]benzodiazepine.
Abstract: DNA binding and photocleavage characteristics of a series of mixed ligand complexes of the type [M(bpy)2qbdp](PF6)n·xH2O (where M = Co(III) or Ni(II), bpy = 2.2′-bipryidine, qbdp = Quinolino[3,2-b]benzodiazepine, n = 3 or 2 and x = 5 or 2) have been investigated. The DNA binding property of the complexes with calf thymus DNA has been investigated by using absorption spectra, viscosity measurements, as well as thermal denaturation studies. Intrinsic binding constant (Kb) has been estimated under similar set of experimental conditions. Absorption spectral studies indicate that the Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes intercalate between the base pairs of the CT-DNA tightly with intrinsic DNA binding constant of 1.3 × 106 and 3.1 × 105 M−1 in Tris-HCl buffer containing 50 mM NaCl, respectively. The proposed DNA binding mode supports the large enhancement in the relative viscosity of DNA on binding to quinolo[3,2-b]benzodiazepine. The oxidative as well as photo-induced cleavage reactions were monitered by gel electrophoresis for both complexes. The photocleavage experiments showed that the cobalt(III) complex can cleave pUC19 DNA effectively in the absence of external additives as an effective inorganic nuclease.
41 citations
TL;DR: The wound healing potency of ethanol leaf extracts of V. trifolia and V. altissima was found to possess significant wound healing activity which was evidenced by a decrease in the period of epithelialization, an increase in the rate of wound contraction, skin breaking strength, granulation tissue dry weight, hydroxyproline content and breaking strength ofgranulation tissue.
Abstract: The wound healing potency of ethanol leaf extracts of V. trifolia L. and V. altissima L. was evaluated in excision, incision and dead space wound models. Both plants were found to possess significant wound healing activity which was evidenced by a decrease in the period of epithelialization, an increase in the rate of wound contraction, skin breaking strength, granulation tissue dry weight, hydroxyproline content and breaking strength of granulation tissue. Histopathological study of the granulation tissue also showed an increased collagenation when compared with the control group of animals. Of the two extracts, the ethanol leaf extract of V. trifolia showed maximum wound healing activity compared with the leaf extract of V. altissima. However, on comparison with the control group, both leaf extracts were found to possess significant wound healing potency.
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of veratraldehyde (VRTD) and p-amino benzoic acid (PABA) on Zn-Ni alloy electrodeposited onto mild steel was studied in acidic sulphate solutions.
Abstract: The influence of a condensation product (CP) of veratraldehyde (VRTD) and p-amino benzoic acid (PABA) on Zn-Ni alloy electrodeposited onto mild steel was studied in acidic sulphate solutions. Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA) and cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) were used as complexing and wetting agents, respectively. The effect of bath constituents, pH, current density and temperature on nature of deposit were studied through Hull cell experiments. The bath constituents and operating parameters were optimized. Deposit properties and corrosion resistance were discussed. Throwing power, current efficiency and polarization studies were carried out. SEM photomicrographs of the deposit obtained from optimum bath revealed fine-grained deposit of the alloy in the presence of condensation product and hence modified the morphology of zinc-nickel alloy deposit. IR spectrum of the scrapped deposit showed inclusion of addition agent.
TL;DR: Several 3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazolo and their dihydro analogues were synthesized from microwave assisted dry media and conventional methods as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Several 3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4- b ]-1,3,4-thiadiazole and their dihydro analogues were synthesized from hetero aromatic acids and hetero aromatic aldehydes, respectively, by microwave-assisted dry media and conventional methods. Elemental analysis, IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and mass spectral data elucidated the structures of all newly synthesized compounds. Synthesized compounds are studied for their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Some of the tested compounds showed significant pharmacological activities.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that both autochthonous autotrophs and heterotrophic groups work in tandem to mitigate concentration of Mn and related metals in mangrove sediments is supported.
TL;DR: The large enhancement in the relative viscosity of DNA on binding to the quinolo [3,2-b] benzodiazepine supports the proposed DNA binding modes and the complexes on reaction with super coiled (SC) DNA shows nuclease activity.
Abstract: Two mixed ligand complexes of the type [M(phen)(2)(qbdp)](PF(6))n.xH(2)O where M = Co(III) and Ni(II), qbdp = quinolo[3,2-b] benzodiazepine and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, n = 3 or 2, x = 2 or 3 have been synthesized and characterized by employing analytical and spectral methods. The DNA binding property of the complexes with calf thymus-DNA has been investigated by using absorption spectra, viscosity measurements as well as thermal denaturation studies. The absorption spectral results indicate that the Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes intercalate between the base pairs of the DNA tightly with intrinsic DNA binding constant of 6.4 x 10(4) and 4.8 x 10(4) M(-1) in Tris HCl buffer containing 50 mM NaCl, respectively. The large enhancement in the relative viscosity of DNA on binding to the quinolo [3,2-b] benzodiazepine supports the proposed DNA binding modes. The complexes on reaction with super coiled (SC) DNA shows nuclease activity.
TL;DR: It was observed that flaxseedchutney supplemented diet could lower the serum cholesterol and as a potential source of antioxidants it could exert protection against hepatotoxic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats.
Abstract: Rats fed with hypercholesterolemic diet showed a significant increase in serum total—cholesterol, liver homogenate total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and changed LDL-cholesterol, and HDL/LDL ratio in comparison to control. Flaxseedchutney (FC) supplemented diet (15%, w/w) was found to be more effective in restoring lipid profile changes in rats fed with cholesterol, (1.0%). The activities of serum marker enzymes glutamate oxaloacetate transminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated significantly in carbon tetrachloride induced rats. Administration of flaxseedchutney (15%, w/w) resulted in depletion of serum marker enzymes and exhibited recoupment thus showing significant hepatoprotective effect. It was observed that flaxseedchutney supplemented diet could lower the serum cholesterol and as a potential source of antioxidants it could exert protection against hepatotoxic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats.
TL;DR: In this article, Zn-TiO2 composite coatings were electrodeposited on mild steel using an electrolyte containing dispersed nanosized TiO2 and the corrosion resistance of the coating was studied in (3.5 ) NaCl solution by electrochemical and weight loss measurements.
Abstract: Zn‐TiO2 composite coatings were electrodeposited on mild steel using an electrolyte containing dispersed nanosized TiO2. The corrosion resistance of the coating was studied in (3.5 wt.%) NaCl solution by electrochemical and weight loss measurements. The study revealed higher resistance of composite coating to corrosion. The composite coatings were porous free and the service life of coatings was examined by salt spray test. The surface morphology was investigated by recording the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of coating before and after corrosion. SEM studies inferred the reduction in crystalline size of composite coating and it showed the improved corrosion resistance property. The anti‐corrosion mechanism of the composite coating was also discussed.
TL;DR: Histopathalogy of the granulation tissue of the ethanol extract treated animals showed few macrophages with increase in collagenation indicating the potency of theanol extract in promoting the process of wound healing, providing a scientific base to the ethno medicinal use of L. serratum.
Abstract: Wound healing activity of aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of L. serratum was studied by excision, incision and dead space wound models on rats. As compared to aqueous and control group of animals, ethanol extract showed significant wound healing activity which was evidenced by significant decrease in the period of epithelialisation (17.84±0.06) and increase in wound contraction rate, skin breaking strength (581.45±4.98), granulation tissue breaking strength (512.80±5.08), dry weight of granulation tissue (47.23±0.10) and elevated concentration of hydroxyproline (2322.83±8.49). Histopathalogy of the granulation tissue of the ethanol extract treated animals showed few macrophages with increase in collagenation indicating the potency of the ethanol extract in promoting the process of wound healing. The present finding provides a scientific base to the ethno medicinal use of L. serratum.
TL;DR: The mode of action of a quinoline derivative, which could be a possible future candidate for leukemia therapy is reported, and there are lot of questions that need to be answered in terms of signalling pathways and its effects on animal models.
TL;DR: In this paper, free radical copolymerization of N−vinyl-2−pyrrolidone with 2−ethoxyethyl methacrylates was carried out with 2,2′-azobisisobutyronotrile as an initiator in 1,4‐dioxane.
Abstract: Free radical copolymerization of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone with 2‐ethoxyethyl methacrylates was carried out with 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronotrile as an initiator in 1,4‐dioxane. The resulting copolymer was characterized by FTIR, H1‐NMR and C13‐NMR spectroscopic techniques thermal properties of copolymer were determined by DSC and TGA. The reactivity ratios of the monomers were computed by the Fineman‐Rose (F‐R), Kelen‐Tudos (K‐T) and extended Kelen‐Tudos (EK‐T) method at lower conversion, using the data obtained from both FTIR and elemental analysis studies; the results are in good agreement with each other. The average reactivity ratio, Alfrey‐Price Q and e values were found to be r 1=0.769, r 2=0.266 and Q 1=0.0859, e 1=0.4508, respectively for NVP/EOEMA copolymer. The distribution of monomer sequence along the copolymer chain was calculated using a statistical method based on obtained reactivity ratio. The number average molecular weight and polydispersity were determined by GPC.
TL;DR: Changes in the lipid metabolism due to lethal concentration of malathion exposure could depict the negative impact on the reproductive success, which would result in decline of amphibian population.
TL;DR: Various aspects that are embraced by the terms information and knowledge management are identified to contribute to more terminological clarity and finally improve communication both in science and in professional practice.
Abstract: Though literature on information and knowledge management is vast, there is much confusion concerning the meaning of these terms. According to the literature review, technology-oriented information management includes data management, information technology management and strategic information technology management. The main emphasis of these approaches is the effective and efficient use of information technology. In contrast, content-oriented approaches focus on information and its use. They can be distinguished in records management, provision of external information, human-centered information management, and information resources management. The reading of the literature on knowledge management reveals that this term is either used synonymously for information management or for the management of work practices with the goal of improving the generation of new knowledge and the sharing of existing knowledge. This article identifies various aspects that are embraced by the terms information and knowledge management. Thus, it should contribute to more terminological clarity and finally improve communication both in science and in professional practice. In this sense, the author hopes that this article will not only contribute to more terminological clarity but have further positive implications.
TL;DR: An inexpensive and simple method was adopted for the preparation of chitosan microspheres, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA), for the controlled release of an insoluble drug-ibuprofen, which is a commonly used NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug).
Abstract: An inexpensive and simple method was adopted for the preparation of chitosan microspheres, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA), for the controlled release of an insoluble drug-ibuprofen, which is a commonly used NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). The chitosan microspheres were prepared by different methods and varying the process conditions such as rate of stirring, concentration of crosslinking agent, and drug:polymer ratio in order to optimize these process variables on microsphere size, size distribution, degree of swelling, drug entrapment efficiency, and release rates. The absence of any chemical interaction between drug, polymer, and the crosslinking agent was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) techniques. The microspheres were characterized by optical microscopy, which indicated that the particles were in the size range of 30–200 µm and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed a smooth surface and spherical shape of microspheres. The microsphere size/size distributions were increased with the decreased stirring rates as well as GA concentration in the suspension medium. Decreasing the concentration of crosslinker increased the swelling ratio whereas extended crosslinking exhibited lowered entrapment efficiency. The in vitro drug release was controlled and extended up to 10 hr. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TL;DR: Several 3,6-disubstituted 1,2,4-triazolo thiadiazoles were synthesized by condensation of 4-amino-3-aryl/aralkyl substituted-5-mercapto with various substituted aromatic/hetero aromatic acids through a single step reaction.
Abstract: Several 3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadizoles were prepared by the condensation of 4-amino-3-aryl/aralkyl substituted-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles 3 ( a – c ) with various substituted aromatic/hetero aromatic acids through a single step reaction. Elemental analysis, IR, 1 H NMR and mass spectral data confirmed the structure of the newly synthesized compounds. Synthesized triazolo thiadiazoles investigated for their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Some of the tested compounds showed moderate antimicrobial activity against various tested bacterial and fungal strains. None of the synthesized compounds have significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of 3-formyl-2-chloroquinolines with thioglycolic acid was obtained in a 60-70% yield and cyclized thieno[2,3-b]quinoline-2 carboxylic acids in a 30-40% yield.
Abstract: The reaction of 3-formyl-2-chloroquinolines with thioglycolic acid afforded a mixture of uncyclized [(3-formylquinolin-2-yl)thio]acetic acid in a 60–70% yield and cyclized thieno[2,3-b]quinoline-2-carboxylic acids in a 30–40% yield, respectively. The uncyclized compounds on refluxing with POCl 3 in various alcoholic media gave [(3-formylquinolin-2-yl)thio]acetates. Further cyclization was achieved by refluxing them with dimethylformamide (DMF) to produce thieno[2,3-b]quinoline derivatives. On the other hand, the reaction of 3-formyl-2-mercaptoquinolines with chloroacetyl chloride in DMF gave 3-chloro-2H-thiopyrano[2,3-b]quinolin-2-ones. The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, 1 H NMR, and mass spectral data.
TL;DR: Free amino acid levels and protease activity were elevated following exposure to lethal and sublethal doses of free cyanide, and the normal condition was restored only at the sublethal concentration.
Abstract: We studied the effect of free cyanide on several aspects of nitrogen metabolism in the gills, liver, and muscle tissue of the Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala. Free amino acid levels and protease activity were elevated following exposure to lethal and sublethal doses of free cyanide. At the lethal concentration, significant changes were noticed on day 4 for both parameters. The normal condition was restored only at the sublethal concentration.
TL;DR: The study revealed that the water sources in the area are heavily polluted and major water quality parameters exceeding the permissible limits during all the seasons are total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, alkalinity and MPN (Bacterial count).
Abstract: Groundwater quality of Gulbarga District is extensively monitored for two years of study period from October 1999 to September 2001. Twenty-five different sampling stations were selected for the study purpose in the city and five selected villages in the district. Gulbarga districts lies in the northern plains of Karnataka State, covers an area of 16,244 km2 and lies between 16°-11′ and 17°-19′N latitude and 76°-54′E longitude The study revealed that the water sources in the area are heavily polluted. The major water quality parameters exceeding the permissible limits during all the seasons are total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, alkalinity and MPN (Bacterial count) and other parameters have shown distinctive variation in different stations and season. Most of these parameters are correlated with one another. Statistical analysis of the data is presented.
TL;DR: In this paper, an electro-polymerization of orthonitroaniline was carried out on graphite electrode in hydrochloric acid medium, where zinc-nickel alloy was used for alloy deposition.
Abstract: Electro-polymerization of orthonitroaniline was carried out on graphite electrode in hydrochloric acid medium. Zinc-nickel alloy deposition was carried out in the presence of polynitroaniline in acid sulphate bath. The bath constituent and bath variables were optimized through Hull cell experiments. The current efficiency and throwing power were measured. High shift of potential towards more cathodic direction was observed in presence of addition agent. Corrosion resistance test revealed good protection of base metal by zinc-nickel coating obtained from the developed electrolyte. SEM photomicrograph shows fine-grained deposit in the presence of addition agent. The consumption of brightener in the lab-scale was 0·01 gL−1 for 1000 amp-h.
TL;DR: Antioxidant property of flaxseed chutney was evident by decreasing lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and predictor enzyme γ-glutamyl transpeptidase profile and micronuclei formation in azoxymethane treated rats.
Abstract: Antioxidant property of flaxseed chutney was evident by decreasing lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and predictor enzyme γ-glutamyl transpeptidase profile and micronuclei formation in azoxymethane treated rats. After 10 weeks, rats fed with either fiber-free basal diet or Antioxidant diet exhibited over sevenfold increase in γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and nearly fourfold increase in micronuclei load in comparison to controls (p<0.001). A significant reduction in both γ-glutamyl transpeptidase level (52%) and micronuclei formation (47%) was observed in fiber-free basal diet/Antioxidant diet/flaxseed chutney diet fed rats. Relative to rats fed fiber-free basal diet, the profile of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and micronuclei load was not significantly altered.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of boiling of water showed a drastic reduction in the 222Rn concentration and the effective dose was found to vary from 42.6 to 2280.
Abstract: Potable waters from various locations of the Bangalore environment were investigated for their 222Rn concentrations by the emanometry method. About 94 groundwater (borewell) samples were analysed for 222Rn concentrations and found to vary in the range 5.3–283.4 Bq L−1 with a mean value of 87 Bq L−1. Frequency distribution showed the 222Rn concentration in a large number of samples in the range of 0–50 Bq L−1. From the measured concentrations, the effective doses (lung and stomach) for the population of the region were estimated. The effective dose was found to vary from 42.6 to 2280.2 µSv y−1 with a mean value 702.5 µSv y−1. The effect of boiling of water showed a drastic reduction in the 222Rn concentration. The results of the present investigation are systematically analysed, compared with the literature values and discussed.