Showing papers by "Macquarie University published in 1971"
TL;DR: The mode of dose compensation for X chromosomes in kangaroos seems to be inactivation of the paternal X, in contrast to the random X inactivation characteristic of eutherian mammals.
Abstract: The mode of dose compensation for X chromosomes in kangaroos seems to be inactivation of the paternal X, in contrast to the random X inactivation characteristic of eutherian mammals.
227 citations
TL;DR: A starch gel technique for electrophoresing and detecting the human erythrocytic enzyme is described and Caucasian, Negro and Oriental blood donors are examined and no variants are found.
Abstract: REDUCED activity of the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase (EC 2723 : ATP : 3 phospho-D-glycerate 1 phosphotransferase, PGK) is associated with hereditary haemolytic anaemia1–3. A family study suggests that the gene involved is sex linked. Beutler has described a starch gel technique for electrophoresing and detecting the human erythrocytic enzyme4. He examined Caucasian, Negro and Oriental blood donors and found no variants. We have surveyed several hundred erythrocyte samples from a number of species of kangaroos (Macropodidae) using his technique.
175 citations
TL;DR: India and Australia are reassembled in Gondwanaland from stratigraphic evidence with their northern margins facing Tethys and their southern margins within the interior, consistent with a pattern of continental dispersal indicated by the gross geology of the Indian Ocean.
Abstract: India and Australia are reassembled in Gondwanaland from stratigraphic evidence with their northern margins facing Tethys and their southern margins within the interior. A similar reconstruction of all Gondwanaland entails insignificant reorientation of constituent continents, and is consistent with a pattern of continental dispersal indicated by the gross geology of the Indian Ocean.
100 citations
TL;DR: Differences in the amino-acid sequences of corresponding globin proteins have been used to calculate when marsupials and eutherians diverged in evolution.
Abstract: Differences in the amino-acid sequences of corresponding globin proteins have been used to calculate when marsupials and eutherians diverged in evolution.
97 citations
TL;DR: This analysis used electrophoresis of red blood cell haemolysates on cellulose acetate to identify electrophoretic phenotypes of euros and red kangaroo populations, which were characterized by a single slow moving band and those of wallaroos had a single fast moving band.
Abstract: THE production of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 11149, G6PD) in human1, horse and donkey2 and brown and blue hare3 cells is governed by genes carried by the X chromosome. Two electrophoretic forms of G6PD have been found in wallaroos and euros (Macropus robustus Gould) and one in red kangaroos (Macropus rufus (Desm.)); members of the marsupial family Macropodidae (kangaroos). This analysis used electrophoresis of red blood cell haemolysates on cellulose acetate4. No polymorphic populations were found5 but electrophoretic phenotypes of euros (Macropus robustus erubescens Sclater) were characterized by a single slow moving band (G6PD-S) while those of wallaroos (Macropus r. robustus Gould) had a single fast moving band (G6PD-F). Red kangaroo populations were uniformly G6PD-S.
97 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was predicted that vertical settings of a rod surrounded by a square frame would be in error in the direction of the frame axis closest to true vertical as the frame varied in tilt.
Abstract: It was predicted that vertical settings of a rod surrounded by a square frame would be in error in the direction of the frame axis closest to true vertical as the frame varied in tilt. Results were in accord with this hypothesis. The implications of the results are discussed.
75 citations
TL;DR: Light of wavelength 650 nm was much more effective than 710-nm light, indicating that the oxidation of cytochrome b -559 at low temperatures is driven by light absorbed by Photosystem II, which is difficult to reconcile with an electron transport scheme in which cy tochrome B -559 is located on the main coupled pathway between the photoacts of Photosystems I and II.
75 citations
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71 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an attitude to authority scale was proposed for assessing the attitude of a person towards authority. But this scale was not applied to the Australian population, and the scale was ineffective.
Abstract: (1971). An “attitude to authority” scale. Australian Psychologist: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 31-50.
47 citations
01 Jul 1971
TL;DR: From north to south, the sedimentary basins of Western Australia change from broad platforms of wholly marine strata that span the entire Phanerozoic (Bonaparte Gulf and Canning Basins) through the intermediate Carnarvon Basin to rifts of nonmarine Permian and Mesozoic strata (Perth Basin) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: From north to south, the sedimentary basins of Western Australia change from broad platforms of wholly marine strata that span the entire Phanerozoic (Bonaparte Gulf and Canning Basins) through the intermediate Carnarvon Basin to rifts of nonmarine Permian and Mesozoic strata (Perth Basin). These contrasts in age, facies, and structure reflect different positions of the basins in Gondwanaland: the Bonaparte Gulf and Canning Basins have lain at the continental margin facing an open ocean during the entire Phanerozoic, whereas the Perth Basin lay in the interior of Gondwanaland until India and Australia moved apart in the Cretaceous. The Eucla Basin came about by events connected with the dispersal of Antarctica and Australia in the Eocene. The northwest part of the Australian Block (Timor and the Timor Sea) was deformed in the Miocene when Australia collided with southeast Asia.
41 citations
TL;DR: The galactolipid content of bundle sheath chloroplasts is significantly higher, on a chlorophyll basis, than that of mesophyll chloroplast in both maize and sorghum.
TL;DR: The results showed that while relatively large intra-limb effects were produced in both experiments the magnitude of the inter- Limb transfer was influenced by the return of the limb to its normal resting position.
Abstract: The influence of the muscular component involved in rotating the limb to its normal resting position on the inter-limb transfer of the kinesthetic spatial aftereffect was investigated in two experiments. In each case the kinesthetic task was that of judging the horizontal after the limb had been rotated through 20dG and held in that position for 90 sec. The results showed that while relatively large intra-limb effects were produced in both experiments the magnitude of the inter-limb transfer was influenced by the return of the limb to its normal resting position. The muscular component was seen as relevant in explaining previous findings of inter-limb transfer.
TL;DR: The results do not support the view that cytochrome b -559 is a component of the electron transport chain between the light reactions, and it is suggested that it is located on a side path from Photosystem II, but with a possible additional link to Photosystem I.
TL;DR: In the South Indian Ocean separating Australia and Antarctica, the opposing coasts are parallel and that the intermediate median rise is the locus of much seismic activity as mentioned in this paper, and the direction of the dilational movement is recorded by the roughly meridional oceanic lineament connecting Tasmania and Victorialand, and the date of the beginning of rifting by the Jurassic dolerites of these areas.
Abstract: A PROFOUND and continuing meridional movement of the Australian continent has been described by Carey1 who pointed out that in the South Indian Ocean separating Australia and Antarctica (Fig. 1), the opposing coasts are parallel and that the intermediate median rise is the locus of much seismic activity. The direction of the dilational movement is recorded, Carey believed, by the roughly meridional oceanic lineament connecting Tasmania and Victorialand, and the date of the beginning of rifting by the Jurassic dolerites of these areas. He said also that the pole path determined by Irving2 from a palaeomagnetic study of Australian Mesozoic and Caenozoic rocks had roughly the same length and trend as this lineament.
TL;DR: It is shown that the results of decapitation experiments carried out by other workers are not necessarily incompatible with this interpretation of form determination and the processes of growth of the wingbuds in alatiform larvae, and their regression in apteriform larvae.
TL;DR: Lipopolysaccharides were isolated from Veillonella strains representative of four different serological groups and higher yields were obtained by extraction with phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether than with hot aqueous phenol.
Abstract: Lipopolysaccharides were isolated from Veillonella strains representative of four different serological groups. Higher yields were obtained by extraction with phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether than with hot aqueous phenol. The lipid moiety which accounted for approximately two thirds of the complex, contained glucosamine, tridecanoic acid and 3-hydroxytridecanoic acid as its major constituents. The polysaccharide component of each of the lipopolysaccharides contained 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid, glyceromannoheptose and possibly hexosamine other than glucosamine; additional components present in some preparations were glucose, galactose, glucosamine and rhamnose. Dilute acid hydrolysis separated the lipid from the polysaccharide component; in two cases the polysaccharide portion separated into a heptose-containing fraction and a heptose-free fraction.
TL;DR: It was found that incentives had an incremental effect upon learning, that incentives were equally effective for both retarded and normal readers, and that the performance of the 2 groups did not differ significantly.
TL;DR: Results show that both Photosystems I and II are active at 2.5 h, which correlates with the end of the lag phase in chlorophyll synthesis, which reduces the chances of photooxidizing cytochrome f mainly in the reduced state.
TL;DR: Carbonic anhydrase was located on polyacrylamide gels with carbon dioxide as the substrate and bromocresol purple to indicate hydrogen ion formation and was detected by their low-temperature fluorescence in ultraviolet light.
TL;DR: Shallow seismic sections from the 1967 B.M.R. marine geophysical survey of the Timor Sea were made with a Spark-array source and a Subot Hydrostreamer receiver along 4,500 miles of traverse across the outer shelf and upper slope as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Environmental experience of developing rats was manipulated in two ways, providing increments in amount of visual stimulation and formal training in discriminating between the given stimuli, which added little to either the biochemical effects or to the observed improvement in performance on the relevant learning task.
Abstract: Environmental experience of developing rats was manipulated in two ways. These were (1) providing increments in amount of visual stimulation vs. increased variety of novelty of visual stimulation, and (2) informal experience vs. formal training in discriminating between the given stimuli. At the conclusion of the developmental treatment an index of performance change was obtained by testing discrimination learning on a Lashley Jumping Stand. Effects on the cholinergic system, specifically, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholinesterase (ChE) activities, were also examined. Increments in variety of stimulation, but not increases in amount, were found to contribute significantly to observed differences in AChE and ChE activity and in learning performance. Formal training in addition to enriched informal experience added little to either the biochemical effects or to the observed improvement in performance on the relevant learning task.
TL;DR: Injections of carbachol into the lateral cerebral ventricles of rats increased water intake in both satiated and deprived animals and injections of norepinephrine elicited eating, indicating that the ventricle may at least be partially involved in some of the behavioral changes observed after chemical stimulation of specific neuro-anatomical structures.
TL;DR: It is shown that the copper-protein, plastocyanin, functions as a linking protein to permit photoreduction of NADP by ‘agranal’ chloroplasts isolated from bundle-sheath cells of maize.
TL;DR: Noradrenaline and acetylcholine applied to structures in the central nervous system, including the ventricles, have been shown to induce eating and drinking behaviour respectively in rats satiated with food and water and to increase food andWater intake in deprived rats.
Abstract: AN interaction between acetylcholine and noradrenaline has been suggested to occur in the autonomic nervous system1,2. No direct evidence of neurotransmitter interaction involving noradrenaline and the synthesis and metabolism of acetylcholine has been reported so far in the central nervous system. Noradrenaline and acetylcholine applied to structures in the central nervous system, including the ventricles, have been shown to induce eating and drinking behaviour respectively in rats satiated with food and water and to increase food and water intake in deprived rats. Conversely, acetylcholine blocks food intake and noradrenaline blocks water intake.
TL;DR: Examination of the effects on eating and drinking of injections of desmethylimipramine into the lateral hypothalamus of the rat under four conditions of food- and water-deprivation found that DMI increased eating in animals that were food-deprived andWater-satiated; and increased drinking inAnimals that wereFood- and Water-Satiated.
Abstract: The effects on eating and drinking of injections of desmethylimipramine (DMI) into the lateral hypothalamus of the rat were examined under four conditions of food- and water-deprivation (food- and water-satiated; 16 hr food-deprived and water-satiated; food-satiated and 11 hr water-deprived; 16 hr food-deprived and 11 hr water-deprived). DMI increased eating in animals that were food-deprived and water-satiated; and increased drinking in animals that were food- and water-satiated. No other effects on eating and drinking were observed. The results are discussed in terms of current hypotheses concerning the adrenergic and cholinergic actions of DMI and other tricyclic antidepressants.
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of preliminary experiments and two main experiments failed to confirm the occurrence of a tactile movement aftereffect following protracted stimulation of the skin by a moving object.
Abstract: Earlier reports on the occurrence of a tactile movement aftereffect following protracted stimulation of the skin by a moving object disagree. A series of preliminary experiments and two main experiments failed to confirm the occurrence of an aftereffect. In the two main experiments only 1 of 80 Ss reported an aftereffect after cessation of real movement and it was in the unexpected direction.