Showing papers by "Makerere University published in 1988"
TL;DR: Competition for fruit within chimpanzee foraging parties was investigated, finding that large food patches supported significantly larger parties than did smaller food patches, and foraging efficiency was apparently higher for small parties than for large ones, although the difference was marginally statistically significant.
Abstract: Competition for fruit within chimpanzee foraging parties was investigated by testing the hypotheses that food patch size was a limiting factor to foraging party size and to foraging efficiency while chimpanzees were foraging in Pseudospondias microcarpa trees for fruit. Large food patches (as measured by phenological score or the product of diameter at breast height and phenological score) supported significantly larger parties than did smaller food patches. In addition, foraging efficiency was apparently higher for small parties than for large ones, although the difference was marginally statistically significant. Per-capita feeding time for individuals in small parties was significantly higher than for those in large parties when chimpanzees had access to both Pseudospondias and Uvariopsis congensis fruit trees. Per-capita feeding time was not significantly correlated with food patch size. When Uvariopsis fruit trees became exhausted in mid-August, some chimpanzees apparently avoided severe competition for fruit by leaving the C.C. area, where they had been feeding on both Uvariopsis and Pseudospondias fruit. Social factors did not significantly affect foraging party size nor per-capita feeding time.
81 citations
TL;DR: The space-time clustering of tuberculous lymphadenitis now seen in Kampala, and the unusual non-reactive histopathology, are typical of the impairment of cellular immunity induced by HIV infection.
Abstract: Sixteen adults presented with lymphadenopathy which was tuberculous on biopsy; they were all seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), but none had the clinical criteria of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The biopsy specimen showed caseating tuberculosis, with scanty or no visible acid fast bacilli in seven cases; the remaining nine had a poor cellular reactivity with numerous bacilli. Antituberculous chemotherapy for two months reduced the lymphadenopathy. Two patients subsequently developed AIDS. Mycobacterial cultures were not performed, but the infection was almost certainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The space-time clustering of tuberculous lymphadenitis now seen in Kampala, and the unusual non-reactive histopathology, are typical of the impairment of cellular immunity induced by HIV infection.
81 citations
TL;DR: A 100-g portion of the insect flour would provide over 100% of the FAO recommended intake of nutrients for niacin, thiamin, and riboflavin based on a 65 kg moderately active adult male.
36 citations
TL;DR: Up-to-date and detailed descriptions for all the Solanum taxa occurring in Ghana and a key to the species are provided.
Abstract: Of the 22 species, subspecies and varieties in the genus Solanum L. (Solanaceae) that occur in Ghana, about 15 are indigenous. In Ghana serveral members of the genus are utilized as food crops while others are put to medicinal and ornamental use. Up-to-date and detailed descriptions for all the Solanum taxa occurring in Ghana and a key to the species are provided.
20 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that the practice of mixed cropping beans with cowpeas confers no advantage to either crop with respect to attack by M. sjostedti, and the inclusion of a non-host plant (maize) in the mixture, significantly reduces infestation.
Abstract: The effect of growing cowpeas mixed with either beans or maize on population densities of Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) was investigated. Also investigated was the effect of varying the cropping densities of the host plants on the pest populations.There was a significantly lower population of M. sjostedti in cowpea/maize, bean/maize, and cowpea/bean/maize mixed stands as compared with that in either cowpea/bean stands or monoculture stands of cowpeas and beans. Increasing the cropping densities of the host crops increased the abundance of the pest in non-maize based mixed stands, but this effect was not observed in the maize-based mixed stands.The results indicate that with regard to infestation by M. sjostedti, the practice of mixed cropping beans with cowpeas confers no advantage to either crop with respect to attack by M. sjostedti. On the contrary, combining the two crops attracted infestation levels similar to those attracted by either crop grown in monoculture. But the inclusion of a non-host plant (maize) in the mixture, significantly reduces infestation.
19 citations
14 citations
01 Oct 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, a 1 GHz medium power amplifier with a simple diode and resistor predistorter circuit was evaluated over a temperature range of -10°C to 52°C.
Abstract: Predistortion introduced to correct for amplifier nonlinearity is a technique well known in principle, but its application has been restricted to relatively expensive high power amplifier installations. Small cells for FM and TDMA mobile communications systems require linear transmitter amplifiers with power outputs of about 100 mW to 1 W. This paper describes the theory and evaluation of a 1 GHz medium power amplifier whose performance has been enhanced by a simple predistorter circuit. Tests over a temperature range of -10°C to 52°C show that a significant improvement in linearity can be maintained for all amplifier drive levels up to a maximum drive level by means of a simple diode and resistor predistorter circuit that includes an external bias which needs to respond to temperature but not to drive level.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a rapid method for determination of progesterone in bovine, goat and porcine plasma as well as in Bovine milk was evaluated, which employed a solid-phase (125)I radioimmunoassay equipped with Progesterone standards in human serum and called the Coat-A-Count procedure.
Abstract: A rapid method for determination of progesterone in bovine, goat and porcine plasma as well as in bovine milk was evaluated. The method employed was a solid-phase (125)I radioimmunoassay equipped with progesterone standards in human serum and called the Coat-A-Count procedure. The dilution curves of bovine plasma samples with high progesterone content were parallel with the standard curve based on human serum. The relation between measurements of progesterone levels in bovine plasma using the reference extraction method and the direct Coat-A-Count procedure was highly significant, resulting in the linear regression equation Y = 1.06x-0.04. In case of goat and porcine plasma, the direct method yielded higher results than the reference extraction method (Y = 1.37x + 1.38 and Y = 1.69x - 6.47, respectively). Progesterone concentration in bovine whole milk was much higher when measured by the Coat-A-Count procedure than by the reference Farmos kit (Y = 1.59x + 1.51). However, when the same samples were assayed by a modified Coat-A- Count procedure, i.e. progesterone standards from Farmos kit, the values were more or less identical (Y = 0.88x - 0.21).
9 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied marriage patterns and systems in Ankole, Nigeria and found that most of the marriage patterns are among the major causes of high fertility in the area, including age at marriage, proportion married, marriage dissolution, remarriages, types of marriage and bridewealth.
Abstract: This paper studies marriage patterns and systems in Ankole. Discussed in the study are age at marriage, proportion married, marriage dissolution, remarriages, types of marriage and bridewealth. The paper finds that most of the marriage patterns are among the major causes of high fertility in the area.
7 citations
TL;DR: Hypoxylon munkii sp.nov.
Abstract: Hypoxylon munkii sp.nov. and H. citriforme sp.nov. are described and illustrated from specimens found in Nigeria. Their relationships to other species are discussed.
4 citations
TL;DR: A study of the effect of microenvironment on the pea leaf weevil’s behaviour was made comparing a broad bean monoculture with a broad Bean-oat crop mixture, and it is observed that more weevils depart from the crop mixtures than from the monocultures.
Abstract: A study of the effect of microenvironment on the pea leaf weevil’s behaviour was made comparing a broad bean monoculture with a broad bean-oat crop mixture. It is observed that more weevils depart from the crop mixtures than from the monocultures. Microenvironment study in the two cropping systems show that temperature and wind speed are not significantly altered in the crop mixtures as compared to the monoculture, but beans growing in the mixtures were significantly more shaded than those in the monoculture. Evidence is given to show that this relative shading could be the main factor responsible for the observed increased weevil departure from the crop mixtures.
TL;DR: Analysis of the 1980 Uganda Population Census for South Kampala was able to provide estimates of infant, child, and adult mortality, indicating a need for further reductions in mortality in Uganda as part of the overall development effort.
Abstract: In the absence of vital statistics data analysis of the 1980 Uganda Population Census for South Kampala was able to provide estimates of infant child and adult mortality. Indirect techniques yielded estimated 1q0 values of 0.0860 for male infants 0.0680 for female infants and 0.0774 for infants of both sexes. The infant mortality rate estimated for 1980 is somewhat higher than that estimated for Kampala city in 1969 (0.0750) supporting medical professionals opinion that infant mortality increased during the 1970s due to political and economic factors in Uganda and the consequent deterioration of health services. Child mortality (4q1) estimated in this study as 0.0491 appears to have declined during the 1970s; however this unexpected finding may reflect differences in coverage and content errors in the 2 sets of data for 1969 and 1980. Adult mortality based on the estimated survival rates from paternal and maternal orphanhood data and those from adjusted 12 values is slightly lower than those for infant and child mortality. Expectation of life at birth estimates from various techniques show clearly that females have lower patterns of mortality than males. The estimated life expectation is 54.7 years for males 59.3 years for females and 57.0 years for both sexes. Overall these estimates indicate a need for further reductions in mortality in Uganda as part of the overall development effort.