New York City Law Department

About: New York City Law Department is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Human rights & Dispute resolution. The organization has 953 authors who have published 685 publications receiving 6814 citations.

Method and system for data communication

Abstract: A method and system for communicating digital data particularly adapted for transferring large amounts of bulk data from a first station to a second station over a long propagation delay path, as for example, between first and second earth stations via a satellite repeater. The system implements a procedure or protocol which is characterized by causing the source station to continuously transmit data frames at fixed intervals, each such data frame including an identification number and an information field, generally containing a portion of a user data record. Error checking means at the destination station determines whether the data frames received thereat are error free. The destination station also continuously transmits data frames at fixed intervals substantially synchronized with the source station data frame intervals. Each data frame transmitted by the destination station may include a source station identification number and a positive or negative acknowledgement to indicate whether or not the identified source station data frame was correctly received by the destination station. The source station then interprets the destination station data frame to determine whether it is necessary to retransmit any previously transmitted data frames.

Living with chronic illness in adults: a concept analysis.

Abstract: Aims and objectives To report an analysis of the concept of Living with chronic illness in adults, using Rodger's evolutionary analytical methodology. Background In the literature, several qualitative studies exist that address the question of Living with chronic illness from the adult patient's perspective. However, the lack of clarity and consensus among the existing studies renders this concept ambiguous when it is analysed in depth. Design A narrative review. Methods A systematic search has been carried out on electronic databases such as Medline (PubMed), Cinahl (Ebsco), Cochrane Library, PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase, Cuiden, Dialnet and Scielo. This was limited to articles published in either Spanish or English, from 2003–2013. Results Living with chronic illness is a complex, dynamic, cyclic and multidimensional process, and involves the development of five different attributes: Acceptance, Coping, Self-management, Integration and Adjustment. Depending on how these attributes operate, there are four different ways of living which can result from the process of Living with chronic illness: (1) Disavowal, (2) False Normality, (3) The New Normal and (4) Disruption. Conclusions This paper contributes to the understanding of the concept ‘Living with chronic illness’. Findings in this analysis have to be evaluated with caution and further research is needed on this topic to confirm them. Also, more studies in evaluating how patients live a long-term condition are recommended to foster patient-centred care. Relevance to clinical practice Findings generated from this concept analysis can raise awareness of Living with chronic illness so that this process could be assessed in a correct and uniform way in the clinical community and improved when needed.

Opportunities and Challenges in the Development of Experimental Drug Combinations for Cancer

Abstract: It is becoming increasingly evident that cancers are dependent on a number of altered molecular pathways and can develop diverse mechanisms of resistance to therapy with single agents. Therefore, combination regimens may provide the best hope for effective therapies with durable effects. Despite preclinical data to support this notion, there are many challenges to the development of targeted combinations including scientific, economic, legal, and regulatory barriers. A discussion of these challenges and identification of models and best practices are presented with intent of aiding the research community in addressing real and perceived barriers to the development of combination therapies for cancer.