Showing papers by "Oregon State University published in 1975"

Asymmetric Coupled Transmission Lines in an Inhomogeneous Medium

Abstract: Terminal characteristic parameters for a uniform coupled-line four-port for the general case of an asymmetric, inhomogeneous system are derived in this paper. The parameters (impedance, admittance, etc.) are derived in terms of two independent modes that propagate in two uniformly coupled propagating systems. The four-port parameters derived are of the same form as those obtained for the symmetric case resulting in similar port equivalent circuits for various circuit configurations considered by Zysman and Johnson. The results obtained should be quite useful in designing asymmetric coupled-line circuits in an inhomogeneous medium for various known applications.

Confidence Interval Estimation of Survival Probabilities for Censored Data

Abstract: The likelihood ratio method for confidence interval estimation of survival or life-time probabilities is investigated for censored data. This approach depends on a constrained product-limit estimator for the survival function. The likelihood method is compared with two alternative methods based on normal approximations to the product-limit estimator for several cases of uncensored and randomly censored samples. The methods are generalized for the ratio of two survival probabilities.

Available energy conversion and utilization in the united states

Abstract: The manner is which energy resources are consumed is examined, and attention is focused on those processes that consume a significant quantity of energy and do so least efficiently. The performance of a large number of energy conversion and utilization systems is investigated and the energy flows in the U.S. are illustrated from an available energy viewpoint. An available energy flow diagram showing the available energy supply by fuel type as well as the available energy requirements and losses in each of the four sectors (utility, residential and commercial, transportation, industrial) is presented. The available energy flow diagram shows a much bleaker picture of the U.S. energy utilization than do energy flow diagrams. The available energy flow diagram (which shows a thermodynamically truer performance picture than the energy flow diagram) points out the residential, commercial and transportation sectors as being substantially poorer in performance.

Values and the Organization: Suggestions for Research

Abstract: Despite long interest in human values, few investigators have focused on values and organizational process. Questions regarding how values relate to reward structure, upward mobility, goal commitme...

Modal Decomposition of the Velocity Field near the Oregon Coast

Abstract: The low-frequency [ω<0.5 cycle per day (cpd)] current fluctuations at four depths in 100 m of waterhave been investigated for two stations on the continental shelf off the coast of Oregon. One station, DB-7,was maintained during the summer of 1972 as part of the Coastal Upwelling Experiment-1 (CUE-I), and theother station, Carnation, was maintained during the summer of 1973 as part of CUE-II. A decomposition ofthe north-south (almost alongshore) v and the east-west (onshore-offshore) u components of the current hasbeen performed in terms of two types of modal structures in the vertical direction: (i) dynamic modes determined by the separable solutions of the appropriate equations of motion, and (ii) empirical orthogonal modeswhich are the eigenvectors of the correlation matrix and depend only on the statistics of the data. For thealongshore currents, the standard deviation of the dynamic barotropic mode is found to be twice as large asthat of the first baroclinic mode. The barotropic part is foun...

The inheritance of three mechanisms of diplandroid (2 n pollen) formation in diploid potatoes

Abstract: Genetic data obtained from seven test-crosses (159 progeny) substantiated an earlier hypothesis that all three mechanisms of diplandroid formation (parallel spindles, ps; premature cytokinesis-1, pc-1 and premature cytokinesis-2, pc-2) are controlled by simple recessive mutations. Results of tests for allelism suggested that pc-1 and pc-2 are not allelic. The expression of ps, pc-1 and pc-2 at the tetraploid level was observed when the tetraploid is nulliplex at the corresponding locus.

Some Effects of Gravel Mixtures on Emergence of Coho Salmon and Steelhead Trout Fry

Abstract: Eight mixtures of sand and gravel were tested in experimental troughs, to simulate hatching conditions in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) redds. Fry were released into perforated, open-ended chambers below the gravel surface. An inverse relationship was found between the quantity of fines and emergent survival. Mean emergent survival for coho salmon ranged from 96% in the control mixture to 8% in 70% sand (less than 3.3 mm diameter). Mean emergent survival for steelhead ranged from 94% to 18%, respectively. Premature emergence of coho fry was related to higher concentrations of fines. These premature fry were smaller, and retained more yolk than fry emerging at normal times.

Distribution of foraminifera in surface waters of a coastal upwelling area

Abstract: BIOCOENOSES of planktonic foraminifera are usually accepted to be good indicators of different sorts of oceanic water masses1, and it is assumed that their ecological requirements have not changed drastically during the Quaternary2. Their remains have, therefore, been used for approximately the past 40 yr (ref. 3) to study, qualitatively as well as quantitatively, the palaeoclimatic record4 preserved in young, calcareous, deep-sea sediments. Despite this, however, the mechanism of the formation of death assemblages and sediment assemblages is very poorly understood, mainly because the distribution pattern of planktonic foraminiferal biocoenoses and their output of shell material is only poorly known.

Yeast chromatin subunit structure.

Abstract: Micrococcal nuclease digestion of in situ (intranuclear) and in vitro yeast chromatin produces distributions of DNA molecules of discrete sizes. In both cases, these molecules appear to be integral multiples of the smallest size on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This result implies a widespread generic occurrence of the periodic organization of chromatin seen in mammalian systems.

Manned Submersible Observations in the FAMOUS Area: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Abstract: es associated with genesis of new oceanic crust. A small area on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge centered at about 36050'N was selected for detailed study on the basis of scientific and logistic criteria (Fig. 1). More than 25 cruises were made to the area by surface ships from the United States, France, Canada, and England, culminating in the first manned submersible studies of a mid-ocean ridge by the French submersible Archimede in 1973, and by Archimede, Cyana, and the American submersible Alvin during the summer of 1974. The regional setting of the dive site was established by narrow-beam echo sounding, dredging, side-scan sonar and deep-tow

Patterns of basidiomycete nutrient accumulation in conifer and deciduous forest litter

Abstract: Nutrient data were obtained for basidiomycete sporocarps, rhizomorphs and forest floor leaf litter samples collected from a white pine (Pinus strobus L.) watershed and from a mixed hardwood watershed at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, N.C. Basidiocarps taken from the surface litter of both watersheds were fleshy representatives of Agaricaceae, Cantharellaceae or Clavariaceae. Forest floor basidiocarp samples (cap + stalk) from both watersheds had significantly greater concentrations of Cu, K, Na, P and Zn than the leaf litter from which they were removed. Bulked rhizomorph samples from both watersheds contained significantly more Ca, K, Na and Sr than forest floor leaf litter. Polyporaceae growing on hardwood branches concentrated Al, Mo, P and Zn.

Antibody suppression by cadmium.

Abstract: • Mice exposed to subclinical doses of cadmium chloride for ten weeks and inoculated with antigen six weeks after discontinuance of exposure had a remarkable decrease in antibody-forming cells, particularly IgG. These results indicate that immunosuppression produced by environmental contaminants may persist for several months after exposure to the contaminant.

Seasonal variation of the alongshore velocity field ovei the continental shelf off Oregon1

Abstract: This study was conducted as part of the Coastal Upwelling Ecosystems Analysis program of the Office for the International Decade for Ocean Exploration under National Science Foundation grants GX-28746 and CX-33502.

Effects of Logging on Water Temperature, and Dissolved Oxygen in Spawning Beds

Abstract: The temperature and dissolved oxygen content of intragravel water were measured in three Oregon coastal streams between June 1968 and June 1969. In 1966, the watershed of one stream had been completely clearcut, and that of a second stream partially clearcut in staggered settings. A third watershed was left unlogged. Clearcut logging resulted in increased temperature of intragravel water in salmon and trout spawning beds and decreased concentrations of dissolved oxygen. The changes were related largely to reduced forest cover over the stream surface and to deposition of fine sediment in the gravel. No serious reduction in survival to emergence of coho salmon occurred along with the observed changes in temperature or dissolved oxygen. A decrease in the resident population of cutthroat trout after logging may have been related to these changes.

Flow patterns in the Northwest African upwelling area

Abstract: From February to May 1974 a coastal upwelling experiment (JOINT-I) was conducted off Northwest Africa. An array of current meters and meteorological buoys were moored along 21°40′N. In this paper the mean current patterns and the fluctuations on time-scales longer than one day are discussed. On the shelf the flow is essentially wind-driven and additionally enhanced by the southward jet of about 10...20 cm s−1. Offshore a counterflow moves northward opposite to the winds. This countercurrent may be a characteristic feature of the regional currents in spring. The variability of the currents over the shelf and the slope is mainly determined by the competition between the wind-driven flow and the countercurrent. The upwelling system may be confined to the shelf or extend as far as 100 km (twice the shelf width) offshore depending on the strength of the local winds.

Semisolid Fermentation of Ryegrass Straw

Abstract: Candida utilis, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Trichoderma viride were grown on pretreated ryegrass straw. The pretreatment consisted of hydrolysis of straw with 0.5 N H2SO4 (water-substrate, 3:1) at 121 C, 100 C, and room temperature and adjustment of the hydrolysate to pH 4.5 to 5.0 with 5 N NH4OH. The 121 C pretreatment yielded a material containing 30% sugar and 2.3% N. The fermentation was carried on semisolid substrate (moisture level, 75%) in rotating jars for 2 to 3 days at room temperature. The organisms grew rapidly during the period from 18 to 42 h of incubation. During this period the number of microbial cells increased by 20- to 200-fold, and the level of NH3-N decreased from 1.3 to 0.9%. The fermentation resulted in a fourfold increase in protein, fivefold increase in crude fat, and 40% increase in the digestibility of straw. The best result in terms of increasing protein and digestibility of straw was obtained when C. utilis was grown on straw preheated at 121 C.

The initiation of oscillatory ripple marks and the development of plane-bed at high shear stresses under waves

Abstract: Data on the development of oscillatory ripple marks under waves are utilized as a further check on the equations that have been proposed for the threshold of sediment motion. If the threshold curve is correct, the data on ripple occurrence should lie in a stress field above the curve for threshold. Analysis of the data shows this mainly to be true but suggests that the curve for the threshold should be lowered slightly to smaller stress values as a number of ripple occurrences would otherwise fall below the threshold curve. As the stress of the wave orbital motion increases, the ripple heights progressively decrease and ultimately disappear at a critical stress value. Data on this disappearance and plane-bed sheet sand transport development are examined and compared with the data on the high-stress presence of ripples. There is good agreement of the two data sets and also confirmation of the theoretical criterion of Bagnold for the disappearance of ripples.

Arene Transition Metal Chemistry

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses those complexes in which a transition metal is π-bonded to a six-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring Recent X-ray structural investigations along with spectroscopic and theoretical studies have contributed significantly to the understanding of the bonding in arene metal complexes The cocondensation of transition-metal atoms and aromatic hydrocarbon at liquid nitrogen temperature leads directly to zero-valent arene complexes Reaction of disubstituted acetylenes with transition-metal compounds often leads to arene complexes The direct reaction between a metal carbonyl and an aromatic hydrocarbon often leads to the replacement of 2 or 3 carbonyl groups yielding arene complexes Monoarene complexes often undergo arene replacement reactions with ligands, such as arenas The parent compound bisbenzene chromium has been the subject of several structural analyses Molecular orbital calculations have been carried out on the arene tricarbonyl complexes of Cr, Mo, and W On the basis of overlap considerations, it has been suggested that the MO framework of the arene ring may play an important role in the metal–ligand bonding in arene chromium tricarbonyl complexes Vanadium hexacarbonyl reacts with various arenes yielding complexes [(arene)V(CO) 4 ] + [V(CO) 6 ] – from which hexafluorphosphate or tetraphenylborate salts can be prepared by metathesis reaction Bisarene chromium compounds have proven to be rather inert toward arene replacement by nonaromatic ligands The exchange of one arene ligand for another in arene tricarbonyl compounds has been of some synthetic value Phosphine and phosphite ligands react with arene tricarbonyl complexes