State University of Santa Cruz

About: State University of Santa Cruz is a education organization based out in Ilhéus, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Species richness. The organization has 3266 authors who have published 4642 publications receiving 51876 citations. The organization is also known as: Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz.

Tide-topography interaction along the eastern Brazilian shelf

Abstract: In the Tropics, continental shelves governed by western boundary currents are considered to be among the least productive ocean margins in the world, unless eddy-induced shelf-edge upwelling becomes significant. The eastern Brazilian shelf in the Southwest Atlantic is one of these, and since the slight nutrient input from continental sources is extremely oligotrophic. It is characterized by complex bathymetry with the presence of shallow banks and seamounts. In this work, a full three-dimensional nonlinear primitive equation ocean model is used to demonstrate that the interaction of tidal currents and the bottom topography of the east Brazil continental shelf is capable of producing local upwelling of South Atlantic Central Water, bringing nutrients up from deep waters to the surface layer. Such upper layer enrichment is found to be of significance in increasing local primary productivity.

The roles of barriers, refugia, and chromosomal clines underlying diversification in Atlantic Forest social wasps

Abstract: Phylogeographic studies have sought to explain the genetic imprints of historical climatic changes and geographic barriers within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF) biota, and consequently two processes of diversification (refugia and barriers) have been proposed. Additionally, there is evidence that eustatic changes influenced the biogeographic history of the AF. Here we evaluate these contrasting diversification processes using two AF social wasp species – the mid-montane Synoeca cyanea and the lowland Synoeca aff. septentrionalis. We analyzed several sources of data including multilocus DNA sequence, climatic niche models and chromosomal features. We find support for idiosyncratic phylogeographic patterns between these wasps, involving different levels of population structure and genetic diversity, contrary suitable climatic conditions during the last glaciation, and contrasting historical movements along the AF. Our data indicate that neotectonics and refugia played distinct roles in shaping the genetic structure of these wasps. However, we argue that eustatic changes influenced the demographic expansion but not population structure in AF biota. Notably, these wasps exhibited chromosomal clines, involving chromosome number and decreasing of GC content, latitudinally oriented along the AF. Together, these results reinforce the need to consider individual organismal histories and indicate that barriers and refugia are significant factors in understanding AF evolution.

Tentativas de suicídio e mortalidade por suicídio em um município no interior da Bahia

Abstract: Objetivo: Descrever o perfil das tentativas de suicidio e mortalidade por suicidio no municipio de Jequie/BA, no periodo entre 2006 e 2010. Metodo: Estudo epidemiologico descritivo. Os dados das tentativas de suicidio foram obtidos no Corpo de Bombeiros e DATASUS, enquanto aqueles referentes a mortalidade por suicidio foram coletados por meio das declaracoes de obito (DOs) da 13a Diretoria Regional de Saude da Bahia (13a DIRES) e complementados pelos registros do Instituto Medico Legal (IML). A analise foi feita por meio de estatistica descritiva. Resultados: Nas tentativas de suicidio, a maior frequencia foi na faixa etaria de 20 a 39 anos (57,69%), entre individuos do sexo feminino (53,4%) e utilizando-se como meio a queda de altura (69,2%). Em relacao ao suicidio, a taxa media de mortalidade foi de 3,19/100.000 habitantes, com maior frequencia em individuos acima dos 40 anos (54,16%), do sexo masculino (87,5%), por meio de enforcamento (58,3%) e tendo como local de ocorrencia o domicilio (83,33%). Conclusao: O municipio mostrou-se dentro das estatisticas da regiao Nordeste e abaixo das taxas nacionais de suicidio. Houve diferenciacao entre as caracteristicas do perfil das tentativas de suicidio e mortalidade por suicidio, especialmente segundo o sexo, faixa etaria e meios utilizados.

Influência do sistema de criação sobre o desempenho, a condição fisiológica e o comportamento de linhagens de frangos para corte

Abstract: The objectives of this research were to evaluate the influence of rearing systems (intensive or semi-intensive) on the performance (body weight and feed efficiency), chicken physiological condition under heat stress (rectal temperature, respiratory frequency and hematocrit) and behavioural parameters (frequency in the pasture areas) of broilers lines. To evaluate broiler's performance and physiological condition on the ages of 45, 55, 65 and 75 days one experiment was carried out in boxes with 4,5 m2 of inside area and 35 m2 of outside area were 35 broilers were reared in each box. Another experiment was carried out to evaluate the frequency of broilers it the pasture areas from 35 to 75 days of age. One of the evaluated lines did not show adaptation to the semi-intensive rearing system. Significant differences were found in broilers performance and physiological conditions in both systems. In the semi-intensive rearing system the rectal temperature, respiratory frequency, hematocrit and feed efficiency were smaller and body weight larger than in the intensive rearing system. It was concluded that the semi-intensive rearing system provided conditions that increased broilers welfare and positively influenced the physiological conditions and performance of the broilers.

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Ocimum canum Sims. and Ocimum selloi Benth.

Abstract: This work describes the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the volatile oils of Ocimum canum and Ocimum selloi, both occurring in Jequie/BA, northeastern Brazil. The plants were collected in the winter/2005 and summer/2006, the oils extracted by steam distillation and further analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 30 and 31 compounds was identified from the oils of O. selloi and O. canum, respectively. It was observed that the oil content of O. canum showed variation during the seasons, while the oils of O. selloi did not. Methylchavicol and linalool were the main chemical components found in the aerial parts and leaves of O. canum. This finding permitted to characterize this specimen as a new chemotype of O. canum. Regarding the aerial parts of O. selloi, eugenol, 1,8-cineole, transcaryophyllene and linalool were identified as their major components. All extracted oils from the aerial parts showed biological activity against gram-positive cocci – Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 – but only the O. canum one showed activity against gram-negative bacilli – Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.