Institution
State University of Santa Cruz
Education•Ilhéus, Brazil•
About: State University of Santa Cruz is a education organization based out in Ilhéus, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Species richness. The organization has 3266 authors who have published 4642 publications receiving 51876 citations. The organization is also known as: Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz.
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Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte1, Braunschweig University of Technology2, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute3, University of Los Andes4, University of São Paulo5, University of Trier6, Centre national de la recherche scientifique7, Sao Paulo State University8, Spanish National Research Council9, Vrije Universiteit Brussel10, Národní muzeum11, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro12, La Salle University13, Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt14, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research15, State University of Santa Cruz16, East Carolina University17
TL;DR: The results, at a spatial scale and resolution unprecedented for a Neotropical vertebrate, confirm that widespread amphibian species occur in lowland South America, yet at the same time a large proportion of cryptic diversity still remains to be discovered.
Abstract: Species distributed across vast continental areas and across major biomes provide unique model systems for studies of biotic diversification, yet also constitute daunting financial, logistic and political challenges for data collection across such regions. The tree frog Dendropsophus minutus (Anura: Hylidae) is a nominal species, continentally distributed in South America, that may represent a complex of multiple species, each with a more limited distribution. To understand the spatial pattern of molecular diversity throughout the range of this species complex, we obtained DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and the 16S rhibosomal gene (16S) for 407 samples of D. minutus and closely related species distributed across eleven countries, effectively comprising the entire range of the group. We performed phylogenetic and spatially explicit phylogeographic analyses to assess the genetic structure of lineages and infer ancestral areas. We found 43 statistically supported, deep mitochondrial lineages, several of which may represent currently unrecognized distinct species. One major clade, containing 25 divergent lineages, includes samples from the type locality of D. minutus. We defined that clade as the D. minutus complex. The remaining lineages together with the D. minutus complex constitute the D. minutus species group. Historical analyses support an Amazonian origin for the D. minutus species group with a subsequent dispersal to eastern Brazil where the D. minutus complex originated. According to our dataset, a total of eight mtDNA lineages have ranges >100,000 km2. One of them occupies an area of almost one million km2 encompassing multiple biomes. Our results, at a spatial scale and resolution unprecedented for a Neotropical vertebrate, confirm that widespread amphibian species occur in lowland South America, yet at the same time a large proportion of cryptic diversity still remains to be discovered.
270 citations
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Federal University of Bahia1, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh2, National Museum of Natural History3, State University of Santa Cruz4, Universidad del Norte, Colombia5, National University of Colombia6, New York Botanical Garden7, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina8, Federal University of Western Pará9, Federal University of Paraná10, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária11, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul12, Natural History Museum13, State University of Feira de Santana14, University of São Paulo15, Sao Paulo State University16, Royal Botanic Gardens17, Spanish National Research Council18, Del Rosario University19, National Institute of Standards and Technology20, State University of Campinas21, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei22, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais23, Missouri Botanical Garden24, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro25, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi26, National Institute of Amazonian Research27
TL;DR: A comprehensive dataset of Amazonian seed plant species from published sources that includes falsifiable data based on voucher specimens identified by taxonomic specialists is assembled, providing a valid starting point for macroecological and evolutionary studies aimed at understanding the origin, evolution, and ecology of the exceptional biodiversity ofAmazonian forests.
Abstract: Recent debates on the number of plant species in the vast lowland rain forests of the Amazon have been based largely on model estimates, neglecting published checklists based on verified voucher data. Here we collate taxonomically verified checklists to present a list of seed plant species from lowland Amazon rain forests. Our list comprises 14,003 species, of which 6,727 are trees. These figures are similar to estimates derived from nonparametric ecological models, but they contrast strongly with predictions of much higher tree diversity derived from parametric models. Based on the known proportion of tree species in neotropical lowland rain forest communities as measured in complete plot censuses, and on overall estimates of seed plant diversity in Brazil and in the neotropics in general, it is more likely that tree diversity in the Amazon is closer to the lower estimates derived from nonparametric models. Much remains unknown about Amazonian plant diversity, but this taxonomically verified dataset provides a valid starting point for macroecological and evolutionary studies aimed at understanding the origin, evolution, and ecology of the exceptional biodiversity of Amazonian forests.
251 citations
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Federal University of Rio de Janeiro1, University of São Paulo2, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo3, State University of Norte Fluminense4, Federal Fluminense University5, Federal University of Pará6, Federal University of São Paulo7, Federal University of Pernambuco8, University of Georgia9, Federal University of Paraíba10, State University of Santa Cruz11
TL;DR: An extensive carbonate system off the Amazon mouth, underneath the river plume, is presented, providing several insights about the responses of tropical reefs to suboptimal and marginal reef-building conditions, which are accelerating worldwide due to global changes.
Abstract: Large rivers create major gaps in reef distribution along tropical shelves. The Amazon River represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean, generating up to a 1.3 × 106–km2 plume, and extensive muddy bottoms in the equatorial margin of South America. As a result, a wide area of the tropical North Atlantic is heavily affected in terms of salinity, pH, light penetration, and sedimentation. Such unfavorable conditions were thought to imprint a major gap in Western Atlantic reefs. We present an extensive carbonate system off the Amazon mouth, underneath the river plume. Significant carbonate sedimentation occurred during lowstand sea level, and still occurs in the outer shelf, resulting in complex hard-bottom topography. A permanent near-bottom wedge of ocean water, together with the seasonal nature of the plume’s eastward retroflection, conditions the existence of this extensive (~9500 km2) hard-bottom mosaic. The Amazon reefs transition from accretive to erosional structures and encompass extensive rhodolith beds. Carbonate structures function as a connectivity corridor for wide depth–ranging reef-associated species, being heavily colonized by large sponges and other structure-forming filter feeders that dwell under low light and high levels of particulates. The oxycline between the plume and subplume is associated with chemoautotrophic and anaerobic microbial metabolisms. The system described here provides several insights about the responses of tropical reefs to suboptimal and marginal reef-building conditions, which are accelerating worldwide due to global changes.
227 citations
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TL;DR: It is found that the origins of symbiosis in Burkholderia are much deeper than previously suspected, and Gene sequences defined seven distinct and divergent species complexes within the genus Burk holderia.
Abstract: Burkholderia has only recently been recognized as a potential nitrogen-fixing symbiont of legumes, but we find that the origins of symbiosis in Burkholderia are much deeper than previously suspected. We sampled 143 symbionts from 47 native species of Mimosa across 1800 km in central Brazil and found that 98% were Burkholderia. Gene sequences defined seven distinct and divergent species complexes within the genus Burkholderia. The symbiosis-related genes formed deep Burkholderia-specific clades, each specific to a species complex, implying that these genes diverged over a long period within Burkholderia without substantial horizontal gene transfer between species complexes.
225 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors assessed personality, psychopathology, life attitudes and neuropsychological performance in regular ayahuasca users and non-users at baseline and 1 year later, and found no evidence of psychological maladjustment, mental health deterioration or cognitive impairment.
Abstract: Ayahuasca is an Amazonian psychoactive plant beverage containing the serotonergic 5-HT2A agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and monoamine oxidase-inhibiting alkaloids (harmine, harmaline and tetrahydroharmine) that render it orally active. Ayahuasca ingestion is a central feature in several Brazilian syncretic churches that have expanded their activities to urban Brazil, Europe and North America. Members of these groups typically ingest ayahuasca at least twice per month. Prior research has shown that acute ayahuasca increases blood flow in prefrontal and temporal brain regions and that it elicits intense modifications in thought processes, perception and emotion. However, regular ayahuasca use does not seem to induce the pattern of addiction-related problems that characterize drugs of abuse. To study the impact of repeated ayahuasca use on general psychological well-being, mental health and cognition, here we assessed personality, psychopathology, life attitudes and neuropsychological performance in regular ayahuasca users (n = 127) and controls (n = 115) at baseline and 1 year later. Controls were actively participating in non-ayahuasca religions. Users showed higher Reward Dependence and Self-Transcendence and lower Harm Avoidance and Self-Directedness. They scored significantly lower on all psychopathology measures, showed better performance on the Stroop test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the Letter-Number Sequencing task from the WAIS-III, and better scores on the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale. Analysis of life attitudes showed higher scores on the Spiritual Orientation Inventory, the Purpose in Life Test and the Psychosocial Well-Being test. Despite the lower number of participants available at follow-up, overall differences with controls were maintained one year later. In conclusion, we found no evidence of psychological maladjustment, mental health deterioration or cognitive impairment in the ayahuasca-using group.
222 citations
Authors
Showing all 3284 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Virupax C. Baligar | 47 | 216 | 9251 |
Dennis Rödder | 39 | 157 | 4963 |
Jacques H. C. Delabie | 38 | 285 | 5617 |
Rodrigo L. Moura | 36 | 130 | 4825 |
Martin Brendel | 33 | 147 | 3446 |
Antonio J. F. Carvalho | 31 | 107 | 3182 |
Leandro Kerber | 30 | 75 | 2407 |
Walter Nei Lopes dos Santos | 29 | 81 | 3021 |
Andre Rodrigues | 29 | 112 | 2556 |
Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz | 28 | 201 | 3329 |
Deborah Faria | 27 | 71 | 2693 |
Henri Plana | 26 | 86 | 1660 |
Boaz G. Oliveira | 25 | 75 | 1432 |
Nicolas Carels | 24 | 68 | 1982 |
Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida | 23 | 90 | 1852 |