Showing papers by "University of Veterinary Science published in 1992"

Incidence of Toxoplasma gondii in populations of wild birds in the Czech Republic.

Abstract: The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from 193 individuals of 25 wild avian species, in a survey between 1981 and 90 in which 5880 individuals, comprising 76 species, were examined. The incidence of T. gondii was 18% in rooks (Corvus frugilegus), 12% in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), 8% in common buzzards (Buteo buteo), 2% in pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) and 0.5% in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and differed significantly in these species (X(2) test, P<0.001). In rooks, the cysts of T. gondii were found in the heart, brain, sex organs, skeletal muscle and liver.

Ultrasonographic determination of renal volume in the dog

Abstract: Ultrasonographic linear and area measurements were performed on both kidneys of 15 clinically healthy dogs. Renal volumes were calculated from linear and area data applying three prolate ellipsoid models. Ultrasonographic volumes were then compared using linear regression analysis with kidney volumes measured in vitro by water displacement. In vivo ultrasonographic volumes had a statistically significant relationship with the in vitro volume. The highest correlation was provided by the single plane area method. There was also a correlation between body weight and ultrasonographically detected renal volume, suggesting that ultrasound imaging may be a useful method for assessment of renal volume changes in dogs with renal disease.

Number Systems and Fractal Geometry

Abstract: Let θ be an algebraic integer over ℚ with minimum polynomial p(x) ∈ Z[x] of order n Let θ = θ1,…, θn be the conjugates of θ Assume that |θi| > 1 holds for i = 1,…, n For an element a = α(θ) ∈ ℚ(θ) the conjugate with respect to θj will be denoted by α(θj) We shall use the notation p j = 1/θj (j = 1,…, n)

Characterization of field isolates of suid herpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease virus) as derivatives of attenuated vaccine strains

Abstract: Field isolates of suid herpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease virus) from Poland and Hungary were identified by restriction fragment pattern analysis as derivatives of attenuated vaccine strains. The Polish isolates were found to be related to the BUK-TK-900 strain (Suivac A) which is widely used as a live vaccine in Poland, and the Hungarian isolates were related to the Bartha K-61 vaccine strain widely used in Hungary. Pigs experimentally infected with derivatives of BUK-TK-900 or BUK-TK-900 itself were found to develop gI-antibodies, while pigs infected with derivatives of Bartha K-61 showed a gI-negative response.

Muscle adenine nucleotide degradation in the thoroughbred horse as a consequence of racing

Abstract: 1. 1. Adenine nucleotide (AN) degradation as a result of racing was examined in thoroughbred horses. 2. 2. Muscle ATP loss in some horses was as great as 50% and in all cases was matched by an equivalent increase in IMP. Mean post-exercise IMP contents varied little with race distance but individual values varied considerably within each race. 3. 3. Results demonstrate that significant AN degradation occurs in muscle as a result of racing and further indicates that the onset of this process is associated with the fall in muscle pH to values probably less than 6.8.

Assessment of aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid production by Aspergillus flavus isolates from Hungary

Abstract: Thirty-two isolates of Aspergillus flavus were obtained from various sources in Hungary. All isolates were morphologically identified as A. flavus and three atypical variants were confirmed as A. flavus by comparing their DNA with an ex type culture of A. flavus. None of these isolates produced aflatoxins when tested on coconut agar or grown on rice medium and culture extracts examined by thin layer chromatography. Also, none of the isolates converted sterigmatocystin, O-methyl sterigmatocystin, norsolorinic acid, or sodium acetate to aflatoxin. However, 59% of the isolates produced cyclopiazonic acid based on thin layer chromatographic analysis of culture extracts. The isolates that lack the ability to produce both aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid are potential candidates for use in bicontrol studies.

Studies on canine mammary tumours. I. Age, seasonal and breed distribution.

Abstract: The incidence as well as age, seasonal and breed distribution of canine mammary tumours (n = 521) were studied at the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Veterinary Science, Budapest, between 1985 and 1989. In 39 cases of mammary tumour, blood plasma oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) concentrations were also determined. Of all dogs referred to the clinics of the University in 1985, 0.7% had mammary tumour. On the average, 104 +/- 9.3 cases of mammary tumour were recorded at the Clinic of Obstetrics per year. This number did not increase after the Chernobyl atomic reactor catastrophe of 1986. The age distribution of canine mammary tumour found in this study shows good agreement with earlier data of the literature: mammary tumour showed the highest incidence in 10 years old dogs. The incidence of mammary tumour kept increasing with age until the 14th year of life (as expressed in per cent of animals of identical age). The number of mammary tumours was markedly higher in the spring (April-May) and autumn (September). This seasonality was demonstrable in 11 to 16 years old bitches, too. On the basis of the blood plasma E2 and P profiles, 61.5% of the clinically anoestrous animals were found to be cycling. The strikingly high ratio of pulis among dogs with mammary cancer was suggestive of a breed disposition.

Sulfonamide residues in eggs.

Abstract: In two series of experiments lasting 3 days each, laying hens were medicated with sulfonamides via the drinking water. In the first experiment 8 laying hens were given sulfaquinoxaline (SQ) at a dose rate of 400 mg/l, while in the second trial 16 laying hens received a 3:5:5 sulfonamide mixture containing sulfaquinoxaline (SQ), sulfadimidine (SDI) and sulfamerazine (SMN), at a dose of 390 mg/l. According to the water consumption data, the hens' daily sulfonamide intake was 53.6 and 56.9 mg/kg body mass, respectively. Eggs laid during and in the first 10 days after the treatment were collected and assayed for sulfonamide residues by spectrophotometry. The detection limit of the method was 0.16 mg/l and the recovery percentage was between 70 and 80%. Sulfonamide was found to appear already in eggs laid after the first day of treatment. The absorption half-life of the drug was 0.4-0.6 day in the egg-white and 0.93-1.08 day in the egg-yolk. Peak drug level in the egg-white was measured on the last day of medication, while in the egg-yolk within 3 days after the end of treatment. The residue measured in the yolk was 13-16% of that found in the egg-white. Acetylated sulfonamide could be measured in the yolk for 3 days after the treatment: its level reached 15%. On the basis of the elimination rate, complete elimination of sulfonamides requires at least 5.2-7.4 days. Therefore, observance of the generally accepted withdrawal time of 10 days is indispensable.

Interaction between Bordetella bronchiseptica and toxigenic Pasteurella multocida on the nasal mucosa of SPF piglets.

Abstract: The interaction between Bordetella bronchiseptica and type D toxigenic pasteurella multocida was studied in five groups of 4 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) piglets each. At 28 days of age, piglets of groups 3 and 4 were inoculated into both nostrils with 108 colony-forming-units (CFU) of a non-dermonecrotic toxin (DNT)-producing, phase I strain of B. bronchiseptica. Piglets of groups 1 and 3 were treated intranasally with a sonic extract of the non-toxic strain of B. bronchiseptica and those of groups 2 and 4 with B. bronchiseptica DNT into the left nostril. Sonic extract and DNT treatment was started at 33 days of age and lasted for 5 days. Piglets of group 5 served as controls. At the age of 37 days piglets of all groups except group 5 were inoculated into both nostrils with 5 × 107 CFU of toxigenic P. multocida. At slaughter at 50 days of age, P. multocida was recovered from the left nasal cavity of 3 piglets of group 2 and all piglets of group 4. In piglets inoculated with B. bronchiseptica DNT the mucosal epithelial cells of the left nasal cavity showed loss of cilia, regressive lesions such as vacuolation, karyopycnosis and necrosis, hypertrophy of the epithelium, infiltration of the epithelium and submucosa by inflammatory cells, could also be seen. The results suggest that action of the B. bronchiseptica DNT on the nasal mucosa is a precondition of the growth of P. multocida in the nasal cavity. It appears that colonization by P. multocida presupposes presence of a mucosal injury inflicted by B. bronchiseptica DNT in itself without involvement of the other virulence factors.

Dietary factors influencing protein utilization: a review.

Abstract: Utilization of dietary protein depends not only on the amino acid composition and the digestibility of the protein itself, but also upon the level of protein, feed intake, energy, fibre, and other constituents in the feed. On the other hand, the animal species, sex, age and health status may also play an important role. A deeper understanding of these factors helps to utilize feedstuffs as a protein source more efficiently.

Chemical and Biochemical Changes in the Uterine Wall During the Postpartum Period in Cows

Abstract: Contents Three pluriparous cows (crossbreeds of Czech Red and White and Holstein-Friesian breeds) were slaughtered in 5 day intervals from parturition to day 35 post partum (pp). Selected organic and inorganic substances as well as enzyme activities were measured by spectrophotometer separately in the intercaruncular endometrium and in the myometrium of the previously pregnant uterine horn, the nonpregnant uterine horn and the uterine body. The content of P significantly (p < 0.05) increased from day 0 (3.77 and 3.38 mg·g-1) to day 15 pp (8.67 and 7.17 mg·g-1) in the endometrium as well as in the myometrium of the previously pregnant uterine horn. The content of chlorides continually (p < 0.05) decreased in all parts of the uterine wall from day 0 to day 35 pp. K, Na, Ca, Mg, dry matter, glycogen, ALP, ACP and LD varied from parturition to day 35 pp in a nonsignificant manner. Results suggest that the principal part of the physiological change in the uterine wall during postpartal involution in cows are finished until day 25 after parturition. Inhalt: Chemische und biochemische Veranderungen in der Gebarmutterwand der Kuhe wahrend der Nachgeburtsperiode In 5tagigen Intervallen von der Geburt bis 35. Tag post partum wurden immer 3 Kuhe (bohmische rotbunte Rasse mit Holstein-Frisian gekreuzt) geschlachtet. In dem inter-karunkularen Endometrium und Myometrium des fruher trachtigen und untrachtigen Gebarmutterhorns sowie im Gebarmutterkorper wurden spektrophotometrisch Gehalte von organischen und anorganischen Stoffen und Aktivitat von manchen Enzymen fest-gestellt. Gehalt von P sank signifikant von 0 Tag (3,77 und 3,38 mg · g-1) zum 15. Tag post partum (8,67 und 7,17 mg · g-1) im Endometrium und Myometrium des fruher trachtigen Gebarmutterhornes. Gehalt von Chloriden hat sich kontinuierlich in allen untersuchten Teilen der Gebarmutterwand von 0 Tag bis 35. Tag post partum herabgesetzt. Gehalte von K, Na, Ca, Mg, Trockensubstanz, Glykogen und Aktivitat von Enzymen ALP, ACP und LD haben unregelmasig von der Geburt bis zum 35. Tag post partum geschwankt. Die Ergebnisse verweisen darauf das der Hauptteil von den Veranderungen in der Gebarmutterwand der Kuhe in der Nachgeburtsperiode bis 25. Tag post partum beendet wird.

Detection of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues of cattle using a variant of the E-rosette test and monoclonal antibodies.

Abstract: Summary A simple and efficient variant of the E-rosette test based on addition of dextran to the incubation media is described. This variant 1) does not include B cells 2) involves some CD2+ null cells as described 3) is not inhibited by anti-CD5 antibody 4) correlates with CD2 expression 5) detects specific changes in the relative proportion of T-lymphocytes under the different conditions. In a group of calves the mean percentage of RFC in the peripheral blood lymphocytes was 53.59 ± 8.70 and in cows there was 72.57 ± 3.85. The proportion of RFC detected in bovine leukemia virus (BLV) - infected cows with lymphocytosis was less than one third of that in BLV - negative animals and vice versa in B (MHC class II+) lymphocytes.