Showing papers by "University of Victoria published in 1973"
TL;DR: The role of plants in Kwakiutl culture and economy for food, technology, medicine, religion, recreation, linguistics, and migration and settlement patterns is discussed in this article.
Abstract: 142 plant species are known to be recognized by the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia. Means of collection, preparation, and utilization of these plants are outlined. The role of plants in Kwakiutl culture and economy for food, technology, medicine, religion, recreation, linguistics, and migration and settlement patterns is discussed. Phonetic transcriptions are given of most Kwakiutl names of plants. The ethnobotanies of the Southern Kwakiutl and the Vancouver Island Coast Salish are briefly compared. 50% of the plants were used similarly by both groups. Most differences seem related to vegetation characteristics, degree of trade and communication, cultural features, and religious secrecy. The extent and even the type of use of species occurring in both areas often appeared to be related more to species abundance than to any inherent plant characteristics.
76 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of electromagnetic analogue model studies of the coast effect is presented, dealing particularly with a vertical interface model, a thin conducting sheet model, and a wedge model.
64 citations
TL;DR: Primary productivity and distributions of carbon in the phytoplankton, micro-zooplankton and suspended and dissolved matter in various areas of the World Ocean are estimated to increase information about the organic carbon cycle in the surface layer of the sea.
Abstract: We estimated primary productivity and distributions of carbon in the phytoplankton, micro-zooplankton, and suspended and dissolved matter in various areas of the World Ocean to increase our information about the organic carbon cycle in the surface layer of the sea. Primary productivity ranged from about 0.1 gC m−2 day−1 in the Gulf of Mexico to 9 gC m−2 day−1 in nutrient-rich water off Peru. Phytoplankton carbon ranged from less than 10 μg/l in the former to 750 μg/l in the latter and in nutrient-rich water off southwest Africa. Micro-zooplankton carbon usually was less than 50 μg/l in all waters, and was dominated by ciliates, copepodids, and copepod nauplii in all areas. Concentrations of particulate carbon ranged from 12 μg/l off the east coast of South America to 850 μg/l off southwest Africa. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon varied between 0.5 and 1.5 mg/l in all areas except off Peru, where maximum values of 4.5 mg/l were observed. Turnover rates of carbon by small standing crops of micro-flagellates (1 to 5 μ longest dimension) and dinoflagellates in nutrient-poor waters were lower than those by large standing crops of diatoms and micro-flagellates in nutrient-rich waters. Concentrations of phytoplankton usually accounted for 20 to 55% and micro-zooplankton for 2 to 30% of the particulate carbon in the surface layer of the sea. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon were not related to concentrations of particulate carbon in most waters except off Peru, where they appear to be directly related.
60 citations
TL;DR: Periphyton and plankton samples were collected at four littoral stations in a relatively shallow, eutrophic lake (Elk Lake, B.C., Canada) over a six month period from August 1967 to January 1968 and showed a pattern of seasonal succession typical of temperate lakes.
Abstract: Periphyton and plankton samples were collected at four littoral stations in a relatively shallow, eutrophic lake (Elk Lake, B.C., Canada) over a six month period from August 1967 to January 1968. The most abundant planktonic diatoms demonstrated a pattern of seasonal succession typical of temperate lakes, and all were present in the periphyton. This pattern was identical at all stations:Fragilaria crotonensis was dominant from August to October,Asterionella formosa in November and December, andMelosira italica (plusM. varians) in January.F. virescens, although never dominant, peaked in October. Periphyton communities were dominated byAchnanthes minutissima, Cocconeis placentula, F. crolonensis andF. virescens. Considerable station variation in successional patterns occurred over different exposure periods; station differences were least in those samples immersed for monthly intervals, and greatest in those immersed for a cumulative four-month period. Interaction between the phytoplankton and periphyton was illustrated by the occurrence of species common to both habitats. A decrease in cell numbers and percent abundance of these species in planktonic populations coincided with their increase in the periphyton, a relationship which appeared dependent on the breakdown of thermal stratification in November. For example, following turnover,F. crotonensis andA. formosa settled out of the plankton and correspondingly increased in percent abundance in the periphyton. This interdependence was less evident in the four-month samples, whereA. minutissima andC. placentula dominated throughout the entire period and appeared to out-compete the more typical planktonic components for diminishing substrate area. Species interaction or competition was accentuated as exposure duration and periphyton total cell standing crops increased and species diversity decreased, and appeared to account in part, for station differences in successional patterns.
49 citations
TL;DR: The cedar extractive β-thujaplicin was shown to inhibit the growth of a wide variety of bacterial species and to be bactericidal for several species, and shown to be less potent than sodium penicillin G and tetracycline hydrochloride.
Abstract: The cedar extractive β-thujaplicin was shown to inhibit the growth of a wide variety of bacterial species, and to be bactericidal for several species. The compound caused the lysis of cells of seve...
48 citations
TL;DR: The cryoprotective properties of polymers appear to reside in their ability to alter the physical properties of solutions during the freezing process rather than in direct effects on cell membranes.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory of electrophoresis of ideally polarizable, charged spherical mercury drops in aqueous electrolyte, which is based on the work of Henry, Overbeek and Booth, is described.
43 citations
TL;DR: The hypothesis that a common cerebral asymmetry dimension is reflected in sets of both lateral and perceptual preference measures was examined in groups of dextrals and sinistrals and suggested that perceptual preference patterns vary according to handedness classification and are relatively independent of each other if different sensory modalities are compared.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of dew in the moisture balance of a summer-dry climate was investigated by means of the optical technique employing Duvdevani dew blocks during three summer months and one fall month in 1970 Results were compared with rainfall and potential evapotranspiration.
35 citations
TL;DR: Thirty-eight measures of lexical diversity are obtained (with the aid of a computer) from the free speech of 20 aphasic and 20 normal control subjects, and eight of the variables are sufficiently significant to discriminate the aphasia group from the normal group.
Abstract: : Thirty-eight measures of lexical diversity are obtained (with the aid of a computer) from the free speech of 20 aphasic and 20 normal control subjects. After statistical analyses of significance and redundancy, 18 variables are retained for a later empirical derivation of types of aphasia. Eight of the variables are sufficiently significant to discriminate the aphasic group from the normal group. (Author)
35 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the changing role of the folk saint as well as the development of the movement indicate that a four-stage transformation is in operation: the "call" by means of a supernatural experience or "vocational struggle" occurs in the future folk saint's life and initiates his career.
Abstract: In each of the three cases presented, the changing role of the folk saint as well as the development of the movement indicate that a four-stage transformation is in operation:(1) The ‘call’ by means of a supernatural experience or ‘vocational struggle’ occurs in the future folk saint's life and initiates his career.(2) Offering a practical religion with solutions to physical and personal problems, the saint attracts individuals who are seeking such solace and remedy. Common purpose, journey and encampment near the curer foster group identity.(3)Myths about the miracle worker grow in the group and circulate abroad, intensifying group solidarity and attracting new adherents. Administrators and would-be exploiters enter. A transcendent ideology is introduced with social, political, and religious ramifications. These may be at once restorative and innovative. The success of the folk saint spawns other saints who also attract followers.(4) External, traditional power structures are threatened, and retaliate by applying political pressure, so that the last stage sees the decline and eclipse of the movement, and the loss of its innovative elements. The saint, no longer a potential secular power, devotes himself to curing, thus reemphasizing the culturally defined, traditional role of curandero or hitolio.
TL;DR: There is a right ear and presumably left hemisphere advantage in auditory signal detection that is best conceptualized as due to attentional processes rather than to language dominance.
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of electromagnetic induction in a multi-layered earth is built around a development of the general theory from first principles, and conditions under which the source may be assumed uniform for computing the surface impedance and other ratios of field components are examined.
TL;DR: Adenosine triphosphate production in mitochondria of bean hypocotyls and maize coleoptiles is inhibited by sulphite, but Oxidized glutathione decreases the inhibition, probably by reducing the sulphite concentration in the reaction mixture.
01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: For a generalized hypergeometric function pFq[z] with positive integral differences between certain numerator and denominator parameters, simple and direct proofs are given of a formula of Per W. Karlsson [J. Math. Phys. 12, 270−271 (1971)] expressing this function as a finite sum of lower-order hypergeometrical functions as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: For a generalized hypergeometric function pFq[z] with positive integral differences between certain numerator and denominator parameters, simple and direct proofs are given of a formula of Per W. Karlsson [J. Math. Phys. 12, 270–271 (1971)] expressing this pFq[z] as a finite sum of lower-order hypergeometric functions.
TL;DR: In this article, the transition between diffusive (saturated current) and sheath-convection (current?voltage?) behavior of the current to a negative probe in a high-pressure, flowing plasma has been studied theoretically.
Abstract: The transition between diffusive (saturated current) and sheath-convection (current?voltage?) behaviour of the current to a negative probe in a high-pressure, flowing plasma has been studied theoretically. By using two physical models, where both effects are considered to be significant, one effect being dominant in one case and the other being dominant in the other case, an approximate relation is derived for the probe current in the transition between these two r?gimes. This transition is found to cover a variation of two orders of magnitude in ionization density if the required 10% accuracy is to be achieved. It is also found that thermoelectric and nonequilibrium effects due to cooling in the thermal boundary layer do not themselves materially affect the diffusion current.
TL;DR: D.W.W.), protein, RNA, and DNA have been determined in the blowfly, Lucilia sericata, throughout all stages of normal development in long and short photoperiod regimes and during larval diapause, suggesting that individuals within a group of larvae can terminate diAPause spontaneously at 24°C and return to the normal processes of morphogenesis.
TL;DR: The lack of any persisting imitations in a control group in Experiment II suggested that instructional control of imitation responses was initially weak and that the contingency between reinforcement and training imitations was critical for continued occurrence ofTraining imitations and any occurrence of generalized physical affection imitations.
TL;DR: Investigation revealed that the Shannon-Weaver index, as commonly applied, was inappropriate for data summarization since it reflected only the changes in evenness of the most abundant species.
Abstract: Species diversity of littoral periphyton sampled from Elk Lake (B. C., Canada) was dependent on station location and period of substrate exposure. Site differences were not statistically related to physico-chemical variables. However, diversity was negatively correlated with age of the communities and standing crop, and appeared to be associated with biological interaction or competition for available substrate surface. Further investigation revealed that the Shannon-Weaver index, as commonly applied, was inappropriate for data summarization since it reflected only the changes in evenness of the most abundant species. Components of the diversity index, as illustrated by the periphyton, were discussed.
TL;DR: A survey and discussion of some of the literature pertaining to the Schwarzschild singularity is presented in this article, where Scalar indeterminacies, with particular reference to the metric of Bach and Weyl, are cited as evidence for the reality of the singularity.
Abstract: A survey and discussion of some of the literature pertaining to the Schwarzschild singularity is presented. Scalar indeterminacies, with particular reference to the metric of Bach and Weyl, are cited as evidence for the reality of the Schwarzschild singularity. An analogy is drawn with the work of Janis, Newman and Winicour.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors prove a generalization of certain generating functions for Jacobi and related polynomials, given recently by H. M. Srivastava.
TL;DR: In this paper, a red-degraded band head, A 3 Φ - X′ 3 Δ, of zirconium oxide, appears in emission spectra of ZrO arcs and in absorption spectra for S-type stars and of frozen rare gas matrices containing zrconium.
TL;DR: In this article, β-Thujaplicin solutions were shown to lose antibacterial potency after irradiation by laboratory lighting, and they were also shown to be ineffective in the presence of fluorescent light.
Abstract: β-Thujaplicin solutions were shown to lose antibacterial potency after irradiation by laboratory lighting.
TL;DR: In this article, a partial analysis of the (3,3) band of the γ-system ( A 3 Φ - X ′ 3 Δ) of the molecules 90 Zr 16 O, 94 Zr 14 O, 96 Zr 15 O, and 96 ZR 16 O has been performed.
TL;DR: Chinese hamster cells in tissue culture are protected equally well by dimethyl sulfoxide against freeze-thaw damage when an organic buffer, tricine, is substituted for the normal bicarbonate buffer system.
TL;DR: Precipitation efficiency is defined as the percentage of the total water vapor over an area that falls to the surface as measurable precipitation on an average day as mentioned in this paper, which focuses attention on the dynamic mechanisms that produce different precipitation patterns in different areas.
Abstract: Precipitation efficiency is the percentage of the total water vapor over an area that falls to the surface as measurable precipitation on an average day This variable focuses attention on the dynamic mechanisms that produce different precipitation patterns in different areas The concept of precipitation efficiency is discussed and its seasonal and annual values are mapped for several Canadian stations Maximum seasonal values occur in winter for all of the country National highs are found on the West Coast and along the St Lawrence Lowland, a result of the cyclonic activity in these regions
TL;DR: Using English Canadian university students as subjects, an experiment was conducted to examine the effects of regional identification in responses to written communications relevant and irrelevant to regional norms, leading to the view that the emotional tone of the communications was an important operating variable.
Abstract: Using English Canadian university students as subjects, an experiment was conducted to examine the effects of regional identification in responses to written communications relevant and irrelevant to regional norms. For a communication advocating separatism for Quebec, an English Canadian communicator was judged to be both more trustworthy and more competent than a French Canadian communicator. For the other communication, advocating obligatory financial contributions by alumni to their Alma Mater, no communicator differences were found. Inconsistencies between these findings and previous findings led to the view that the emotional tone of the communications was an important operating variable.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the microclimatic variations between the north, south, east, and west exposures of a downtown block in a city of modest size and compared these with a more open residential area.
Abstract: A built-up urban area contains a complexity of different microclimates created by differing directions of orientation with respect to direct beam solar radiation and by the relative amount of exposure to the open sky. This study investigates the microclimatic variations between the north, south, east, and west exposures of a downtown block in a city of modest size and compares these with a more open residential area. On a sunny day the downtown southern exposure received the most solar energy, had the most favorable net radiation balance and the warmest air temperatures. The northern exposure ranked lowest in all elements. The western exposure had a warmer radiation and air temperature regime than the eastern exposure because the wider street and lower buildings allowed a greater penetration of solar radiation. The downtown areas received less solar radiation than the residential section but had more favorable longwave radiation balances. Daytime air temperatures were higher in downtown areas exposed to direct sunlight but lower in shaded locations. Cloud cover reduced the differences between exposures, and the amount of open sky, rather than the direction of exposure, became the most important variable in controlling the surface microclimate.
TL;DR: In this article, the nuclear double-beta decay was calculated in a model which assumes that the Δ(1236) exists in the nucleus with a probability of approximately 1% and the results obtained with this model are consistent with the observed half-lives.
TL;DR: In this article, le modele theorique construit a partir de cette conception is soumis a une verification empirique a l'aide de donnees, provenant en partie d'un sondage sur les activites politiques d''un echantillon des habitants de Saanich en Colombie-Britanique.
Abstract: Les auteurs entendent utiliser l'approche econamique pour expliquer la participation politique. Ils concoivent les diverses activites politiques des citoyens comme etant le reflet collectif, a l'interieur des multiples encadrements institutionnels, des « ressources », des « couts » et des « benefices », tant « publics » que « prives », des citoyensconsommateurs. Le modele theorique construit a partir de cette conception est soumis a une verification empirique a l'aide de donnees, provenant en partie d'un sondage sur les activites politiques d'un echantillon des habitants de Saanich en Colombie-Britanique. Cette verification demontre que le modele permet de predire une proportion importante de la variance dans les indices de participation des citoyens, et qu'il apporte, de plus, une meilleure contribution a la comprehension de la participation politique qu'un autre modele de type sociologique presentement en vogue.Cette etude se veut une tentative de demonstration qu'il est possible et utile pour le chercheur en science politique de se degager premierement de l'approche economique des choix publics, qui met surtout l'accent sur la facon dont les mecanismes de votation transforment en choix collectifs les preferences individuelles ayant trait aux biens publics et, deuxiemement, de l'approche socio-psychologique ou la participation devient fonction des forces sociales et/ou des predispositions et personnalites des individus.