Showing papers in "Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews in 1991"

TL;DR: The state of the art in a relatively new approach in the field of controlled drug delivery-responsive polymeric drug delivery systems, capable of adjusting drug release rates in response to a physiological need is discussed.

TL;DR: The clinical possibilities for SMANCS are discussed, including the suggestion that angiotensin II-induced hypertension has clinical potential in improving the selective delivery of macromolecular drugs (i.e. SMAN CS) to tumors.

TL;DR: The clinical value of PEGNOLOGYSM as researched by Enzon Inc. is reviewed and the future for this technology is discussed.

TL;DR: The non-invasive technique of γ-scintigraphy has been used to follow the gastrointestinal transit and release characteristics of a variety of pharmaceutical dosage forms, providing an insight into the fate of the delivery system and its integrity and enable the relationship between in vivo performance and resultant pharmacokinetics to be examined.

TL;DR: Nanoparticles are colloidal polymeric drug carriers that hold promise for peroral drug delivery and Binding to nanoparticles enhanced the peroral bioavailability of a number of drugs, and a significantly enhanced and prolonged pharmacological activity by binding to nanoparticle was reported for insulin and hydrocortisone.

TL;DR: Interestingly, certain lectins have significantly increased binding to colonic mucin in several disease states: IBD and large bowel carcinoma, which could lead to new, biologically oriented colonic drug delivery systems that deliver drugs selectively to the target cells, thereby reducing systemic exposure.

TL;DR: The review cites studies from other epithelia, suggesting the universal character of the importance of the transport between, as well as through, cells and attempts to establish physiological criteria for assessing the contribution of paracellular transport to the intestinal absorption of therapeutic compounds, including peptides and peptidomimetics.

TL;DR: Hyaluronan and hylan derivatives have been evaluated in in vitro and in vivo models for their ability to optimize delivery of a variety of pharmacologically active molecules including the antibiotic gentamicin, the antiglaucoma drugs pilocarpine and betaxolol.

TL;DR: It is suggested that more realistic models, which incorporate the non-homogeneous nature of real biological membranes, provide a better basis for understanding the transport potential of highly functionalized molecules such as peptides and proteins.

TL;DR: The catabolism of hyaluronan takes place both by local degradation and drainage via the lymphatic system, and it is shown that the polysaccharide can also be endocytosed and degraded locally in the tissues.

TL;DR: The factors involved in the transport of highly lipophilic drugs by the intestinal lymphatics are described and potential means for the promotion of intestinal lymphatic transport of Lipophilic molecules are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the cellular uptake characteristics of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides and found that the oligodesens are present mainly in the cytoplasm and in/around the nucleus.

TL;DR: Biological and chemical properties of hyaluronan qualify this macromolecules as a prospective carrier of drugs particularly for local application and/or targeting to lymphatic system and the effect of substituents on the immunology, receptor affinity and degradation is checked.

TL;DR: The possibility of selectively downregulating the host’s immune response to a given antigen represents one of the most formidable challenges of modern immunology in relation to the development of new therapies for IgE-mediated allergies, autoimmune diseases, and the prevention of immune rejection of organ transplants.

TL;DR: Circulating hyaluronan is efficiently sequestered by receptor-mediated endocytosis mainly in sinusoidal liver endothelial cells (LECs) and released from LECs and oxidized by the hepatocytes to CO2 and water.

TL;DR: The elimination kinetics ofHYA from the systemic circulation may be influenced by a number of factors, such as saturation of the elimination caused by an increased lymphatic input of HYA to the circulation, alteration of the blood flow over the eliminating organ and competition with other macromolecular substances such as chondroitin sulphate or proteoglycans.

TL;DR: Conversion of a substance into a drug-polymer complex such as dextran or cyclodextran together with co-application of an absorption promoter (bifunctional system) has been shown to be feasible and suitable for lymphatic delivery.

TL;DR: Hyaluranon is a glycosaminoglycan implicated in development, repair and disease processes, and appears to regulate these processes, in part, by interacting with specific binding proteins.

TL;DR: It is shown that it is possible to use dextran to create a steric barrier around asparaginase that not only protects the enzyme from degradation in vivo but also slows its inactivation by the immune system.

TL;DR: The structure of epithelia associated with different non-parenteral and transdermal routes of drug administration and the development and differentiation of epithelial cells with respect to cell turnover, polarity and junctional complexes are considered.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that biological rhythms have to be taken into account when evaluating drug-delivery systems, galenic formulations and pharmacokinetics as a basis for drug treatment.

TL;DR: This article reviews the available literature on the use of antisense oligonucleotides targeted against pre-mRNA and those targeted against small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) within the spliceosomal complex.

TL;DR: Oligonucleotide phosphorothioates are effective in inhibiting HIV expression in tissue culture at a concentration of 1·10 −7 M, which translates into a dose of approximately 0.6 mg/kg bodyweight.

TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to examine from a pharmaceutical perspective, the current status of therapeutic proteins in clinical development, to highlight and assess current pharmaceutical practice in the development of these compounds and to comment on their clinical use.

TL;DR: Many of approaches which have been made to characterise and quantitate colonic motility are outlined, both experimentally and in the deseased state, and the influence of eating, diet and drugs on colonic transit rates are discussed together with their implications for the design of drug delivery systems targeted at the colon.

TL;DR: Recent advances in the elucidation of the GH receptor provide the tools to analyse the regulation of GH receptors in different tissue and may show how the information in the GH secretory pattern is transduced into the relevant cellular response.

TL;DR: The cell biology of the colon is outlined and the biochemical processes, particularly ion transport, that account for the properties of this organ are described to offer new opportunities for the development of orally available drug formulations.

TL;DR: The concept of simulating the normal pulsatile release of hormones in order to enhance fertility began nearly 20 years ago and the actual development of this as a therapeutic has taken place over the past 10 years resulting in the new therapeutic, LUTREPULSE.

TL;DR: The potential usefulness of modified proteins modified with poly(ethylene glycol) to proteins, tPA and PEG-SK, are considered, which show greatly prolonged circulatory half-lives and reacts only poorly with anti-SK antibodies.

TL;DR: It is established that it is now feasible to synthesize a wide range of drug oligonucleotide conjugates and the testing of these molecules will provide important information on the pharmacological usefulness of targeting drugs to specific sequences using oligon nucleotides.