Showing papers in "American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1999"

TL;DR: It is argued that preeclampsia arises when a universal maternal intravascular inflammatory response to pregnancy decompensates in particular cases, which may occur because either the stimulus or the maternal response is too strong.

TL;DR: Of factors associated with genital prolapse found in this study, pelvic floor muscle strength appears to be the only one that could be affected, and it is suggested that the woman's weight and sustained hysterectomy were not affected.

TL;DR: In this article, the longitudinal changes in insulin sensitivity, insulin response, and endogenous (primarily hepatic) glucose production and suppression during insulin infusion in women with normal glucose tolerance (control) and gestational diabetes mellitus before and during a planned pregnancy were evaluated.

TL;DR: In this cohort study repeated corticosteroid courses were associated with adverse effects on size at birth without apparent benefits, which have the potential to affect later development.

TL;DR: Systematic ultrasonographic screening during pregnancy can now detect a large proportion of fetal malformations, although some still escape detection.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested the hypothesis that maternal stress is associated with elevated maternal levels of corticotropin releasing hormone and activation of the placental-adrenal axis before preterm birth.

TL;DR: An early prior spontaneous preterm delivery is more predictive of recurrence and is most highly associated with subsequent early spontaneous pre term delivery.

TL;DR: The maternal circulation to the placenta must be extremely sluggish before the eighth week of pregnancy but will be gradually established over the next few weeks, and development of the human fetoplacental unit during most of the first trimester takes place in a low-oxygen environment.

TL;DR: A systematic review of the existing evidence regarding the relationship between cigarette smoking during pregnancy and preeclampsia, studies were found through searches of MEDLINE (1966-October 31, 1998), Embase, Popline, CINAHL, Lilacs, bibliographies of identified studies, and also through contact with relevant researchers.

TL;DR: The concept that the injury responsible for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a subset of neonates may begin before birth and is associated with the development of a fetal systemic inflammatory response, as determined by plasma concentrations of interleukin 6 is supported.

TL;DR: Estring is useful to prolong the time to next recurrence among postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infection and to decrease the number of recurrences per year.

TL;DR: Although a significant trend was apparent in increasing levels of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and uric acid as HELLP syndrome worsened, there was considerable variation within groups.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that endoscopic laser coagulation of placental vascular anastomoses offers a more effective alternative to serial amniocenteses as a treatment of severe second-trimester twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

TL;DR: For combined oral contraceptives and progestin-only methods, the main mechanisms are ovulation inhibition and changes in the cervical mucus that inhibit sperm penetration as discussed by the authors, but no scientific evidence indicates that prevention of implantation actually results from the use of these methods.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the perinatal outcome of ART singleton pregnancies is not different from that in matched controls, and ART twin pregnancies showed a higher incidence of preterm deliveries than control pregnancies and needed more neonatal intensive care.

TL;DR: The use of induction methods has significantly increased in this community hospital and the cesarean delivery rate remains low in this facility in spite of a marked increase in risk of operative delivery for nulliparous patients who undergo induction.

TL;DR: Menopausal hot flashes in women with symptoms may be triggered by small elevations in body temperature acting within a reduced thermoneutral zone.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed 130 cases of adnexal masses associated with intrauterine pregnancy that required laparotomy or aspiration or were diagnosed incidentally at the time of cesarean section.

TL;DR: In this retrospective analysis multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids did not improve outcome and were associated with increased mortality, decreased fetal growth, and prolonged adrenal suppression.

TL;DR: In this paper, Doppler identification of the fetal brain-sparing effect strongly predicts outcome in fetuses at risk for intrauterine growth restriction, and the areas under the receiver-operator curves characteristics for the prediction of perinatal outcome with use of the cerebroplacental ratio were statistically very significant.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of prenatal antibiotic therapy on the fetomaternal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii and on the appearance of sequelae in the congenitally infected child at age 1 year were measured.

TL;DR: Piat's disease of the vulva is rarely associated with an underlying vulvar adenocarcinoma or invasive Paget's disease, but there is a high recurrence rate.

TL;DR: Uterine artery embolization is a superior first-line alternative to surgery for control of obstetric hemorrhage and diagnosis of some potential high-risk conditions for postpartum hemorrhage, such as placenta previa or accreta, can be made prenatally.

TL;DR: Placentas from preeclamptic patients demonstrated increased expression of interleukin 1β, interleokin 10, and tumor necrosis factor α, which may be in association with placental hypoxia and may contribute to the global endothelial dysfunction observed in preeclampsia.

TL;DR: Reversible peripartum liver failure may be diagnosed and managed on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria and with adequate support, these patients may have full recovery of hepatic function.

TL;DR: Increased cytokine abundance in gestational membranes associated with labor supports the view that an inflammatory process is involved in both term and preterm labor.

TL;DR: Midline perineal membrane union supports the distal posterior compartment and a fascial connection between the pelvic diaphragm and vagina supports the mid vagina.

TL;DR: Serum concentrations of homocysteine decrease during pregnancy in association with the physiologic fall in albumin during pregnancy, as well as with folic acid supplementation.

TL;DR: Residence at high altitude interferes with the normal vascular adjustments to pregnancy, increasing the incidence of preeclampsia, and is perhaps analogous to other conditions that decrease uteroplacental oxygen delivery.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that host susceptibility to environmental factors, such as hyperresponsiveness of the gene for tumor necrosis factor alpha to genital tract infection, may promote preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes and subsequent preterm delivery.