Showing papers in "Behavioural Brain Research in 1990"

TL;DR: An investigation of this theory in patients with frontal damage reveals that their autonomic responses to socially meaningful stimuli are indeed abnormal, suggesting that such stimuli fail to activate somatic states at the most basic level.

TL;DR: The movements of rats trained to reach through an aperture for food pellets were videorecorded and filmed from lateral and ventral perspectives for analysis using Eshkol-Wachman Movement Notation to provide a framework for analysis of changes in movements produced by physiological manipulations.

TL;DR: It was suggested that memory loss following thalamic lesions was related to factors associated with original learning, whereas the pattern of hippocampal amnesia reflected disruption at a later stage in the learning process.

TL;DR: The performance of rats with damage to the hippocampal formation or amygdala was examined in tests of visual and olfactory non-matching-to-sample with familiar items, cross-modal association, gustatory neophobia, topographical memory, autonomic conditioning to context, and configural discriminations.

TL;DR: A method for presenting moving segments of macaque behavior, visual and auditory, to animal subjects during single unit recording is described and it is demonstrated that neurons in these regions respond selectively to features of the social environment.

TL;DR: The results from these studies of non-associative learning show that C. elegans is capable of short-term habituation, dishabituation and sensitization, as well as long-term retention of habituation training lasting for at least 24 h, set the stage for detailed developmental, genetic and physiological analyses of learning and memory.

TL;DR: It is proposed tentatively that prefrontal dopamine may function to suppress interference during the delay period of certain cognitive tasks.

TL;DR: In the developing chicken embryo substantial neural reorganization must occur in response to a brief period of lateralized light input, which is necessary to stabilise the normal direction of lateralization so that it can no longer be reversed by occlusion of the right eye.

TL;DR: It is concluded that in the early part of the light period, 3 h waking prolongs non-REM sleep, whereas 6 h waking also enhances non- REM sleep intensity.

TL;DR: The noradrenergic system was pharmacologically activated with the alpha 2 receptor antagonist, idazoxan, during the acquisition of a complex appetitive task requiring a shift in attention to stimulus dimension and in response strategy, implicate the noradRenergic system in problem-solving which requires an attentional shift or ashift in responding from familiar to novel stimuli.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided to suggest that subdivisions of the rat SMC can be distinguished with lesion/behavioral experiments and a comparison of the effects of unilateral and two-stage bilateral lesions may help in the parcellation of theRat SMC into functionally distinct subareas and provide a basis for studying the processes of recovery and maintenance of function following brain damage.

TL;DR: 'leakage' between perceptual/memory systems previously considered to be modality-specific is proposed as the mechanism for CMP, and the suggestion is made that one pathway for such leakage is through the ventral claustrum.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that the nictitating membrane reflex can be classically conditioned in the absence of the cerebellum, indicating that this structure is neither necessary nor sufficient for the acquisition of this type of conditioned behavior.

TL;DR: Rats with septal (SEP) lesions spent more time eating than control (CON) rats and rats with lesions in prelimbic cortex (PRE) and showed improvement with continued practice at brief intertrial and interrun intervals.

TL;DR: Data suggest that dopamine receptor blockade and central dopamine depletion can impair discrimination performance under certain conditions, and dopamine depletion from the ventral and dorsal striatum, respectively, have dissociable effects on behaviour controlled by conditioned reinforcers and discriminative stimuli.

TL;DR: When specifically asked to do so, subjects were able to generate velocity profiles under a weight load that were not different from those under no-load conditions, which suggests that alternative control strategies are available when needed.

TL;DR: A predominant role of the medial striatum in monitoring of directional responses is indicated, which is interpreted to support the hypothesis of parallel motor and cognitive forebrain circuits comprising distinctive regions of the striatum.

TL;DR: There is no straight-forward 'hippocampal syndrome' in prenatally malnourished adult rats, and working memory appears largely unaffected, whereas susceptibility to interference and extinction may be modified, depending upon the test parameters employed.

TL;DR: It is argued that the disorder which underlies the speech discrimination deficit in the syndrome of acquired word deafness is not a generalized disorder of auditory temporal processing, but one which is largely restricted to the processing of sounds with temporal content in the milliseconds to tens ofmilliseconds time frame.

TL;DR: A 3 g/kg glucose injection significantly attenuated the amnesia produced by a post-training 1 mg/kg scopolamine injection in mice trained for an operant bar pressing task, providing additional evidence for an action of glucose on hippocampal cholinergic activity under conditions of high acetylcholine demand.

TL;DR: Results indicated that the offspring exposed to ethanol in utero presented deficits in spatial memory processes, and the deficits induced by ethanol were more severe and longer-lasting, being present in adult life.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that a normal ISI function can be established when direct activation of cerebellar mossy fibers is used as a CS instead of conventional peripheral CSs.

TL;DR: The present findings indicate that benzodiazepine and CCK-8 receptor binding characteristics in brain undergo rapid and behaviourally specific changes during stressful events.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the ability of 8-OH-DPAT to reverse helpless behaviour probably involved the stimulation of postsynaptic rather than presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors.

TL;DR: Radio tracking revealed that the in-flight behavior of the hippocampal lesioned homing pigeons was characterized by numerous direction changes and generally poor orientation with respect to the home loft.

TL;DR: Ischaemic rats are impaired on both place navigation and forced choice rewarded alternation, suggesting that ischaemic brain damage affects reference and working memory processes to different extents.

TL;DR: Experimental modifications of visual flow were found here to cause unintentional modulations in locomotor parameters (stride length and cadence) more than in their product (velocity).

TL;DR: The study showed that the early swimming pattern was characterized by highly instable temporal parameters, and a considerable improvement was found to occur with time in the hindlimb activity.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the hippocampal formation, the parahippocampal gyrus and medial inferotemporal cortex all have a role in the utilisation of sensory, mnemonic and motor information underlying the selection of spatially-directed behavioural responses.

TL;DR: In this article, a real-time neural network capable of describing temporal discrimination and spatial learning in a unified fashion is presented, which incorporates detectors that can be tuned to a particular value of continuous temporal or spatial variables.