Showing papers in "Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care in 2016"

TL;DR: Clinicians need tools to screen for social determinants of health and to be familiar with available local and national resources to address these issues and are provided with practical screening tools and resources.

TL;DR: Primary prevention programs for childhood leukemia would also result in the significant co-benefits of reductions in other adverse health outcomes that are common in children, such as detriments to neurocognitive development.

TL;DR: A growing body of empirical studies and clinical experience suggest that incorporating mindfulness practices will enable clinicians to more effectively treat youth and their families in coping optimally with a range of challenging symptoms.

TL;DR: The first two sections will discuss the metabolic and cardiovascular consequences on OSAS in children, and the last section summarizes selected studies and reviews on the behavioral, neurocognitive and academic consequences of OSAs in children.

TL;DR: This review and update of pediatric malignant bone tumors will provide a general overview of osteosarcoma and the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, discuss bone tumor genomics, current challenges, and emerging drug targets.

TL;DR: The current understanding of the biology of the various childhood leukemias, recent advances in research, and future challenges in this field are discussed.

TL;DR: A study in children younger than 2 years old revealed an increased incidence of OSAS in those with a history of prematurity, males, children with Trisomy 21, African Americans, and in those attending daycare.

TL;DR: The possibility that widespread exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may contribute to the development of metabolic diseases in children is discussed and the resources available to health care providers to counsel patients on how to reduce chemical exposures are summarized.

TL;DR: The functional measurements of quality of life and pulmonary function often do not show as dramatic and improvement, but consistently show a stabilization indicating control of the progressive thoracospinal disorder that produced TIS.

TL;DR: Positive airway pressure (PAP) is the most effective non-surgical therapy for OSAS as it can be successfully used in even cases of severe OSAS.

TL;DR: A broad overview of the history of home visiting, theoretical bases of home visit programs, key components of evidence-based models, outcomes typically targeted, research on effectiveness, cost information, challenges and benefits of home visited, and funding/sustainability concerns is provided.

TL;DR: This review will highlight the gains that have been made since the 1990s as well as describe disparities that have persisted or have worsened into the 21st century.

TL;DR: The most promising therapies recommend are applied behavior analysis, parent-implemented training, melatonin supplements to improve sleep, supplements to correct deficiencies, and music therapy.

TL;DR: An overview of the most common childhood brain tumors is provided, recent key advances in the field are described, and the therapeutic challenges that remain are discussed.

TL;DR: The typical presentations of the most common primary headache disorders and the approach to evaluation of the pediatric patient presenting with headache are reviewed and some of the new, emerging therapies that may alter the way that headache is managed in the pediatric population are described.

TL;DR: The evidence base for psychopharmacologic interventions in youth with depressive and anxiety disorders as well as attention/deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has dramatically increased over the past two decades.

TL;DR: The history and philosophy of acupuncture, and the literature on its effectiveness and safety in children and adolescents are reviewed, giving special attention to the pediatric and adolescent conditions that have been most studied in high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

TL;DR: This article outlines strategies to integrate care following the six goals of the PICC change framework: create a trauma/mental health informed office; involve families in program development; collaborate and coordinate with mental health services; promote resilience and prevent mental health problems through a particular focus on trauma-related risks; assess trauma- related somatic and mental health issues.

TL;DR: The magnitude of childhood poverty in the United States and the importance of understanding the causal factors that mediate the adverse effects of poverty are described and the reader is provided with overviews of 10 important social determinants of children’s health.

TL;DR: Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-mediated encephalitis (anti-NMDAR encephalopathy) is increasingly recognized in children and adolescents and the prognosis can be surprisingly good but some children have lasting neurocognitive deficits.

TL;DR: There are a variety of pediatric patient groups that are at higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea due to a combination of factors that include craniofacial anatomy, muscular weakness, dysfunction in central control of breathing, medication use, and weight gain.

TL;DR: The current evidence on the most commonly used complementary therapies for pediatric asthma is reviewed, and up to 89% of parents use complementary and alternative medicine to treat their child's asthma.

TL;DR: Collaboration and integrative health care models is the cornerstone of effective strategies to provide access and quality mental health care to children and families in communities across the country.

TL;DR: An overview of selected toxicants relevant to pediatric health is provided, practical suggestions to reduce or eliminate children's exposures are reviewed, and resources for taking an environmental health history are introduced to better prepare pediatricians and other clinicians caring for children to decrease harmful exposures.

TL;DR: There has been an increased recognition, improved collaboration, and expanded access to care for children with central nervous system demyelination, and insight has been gained into the challenges with adherence and tolerability of these medications in the pediatric population.

TL;DR: The relationship between Gastroesophageal reflux disease, allergic rhinitis and asthma, common in children and often coexist with obstructive sleep apnea, is discussed.

TL;DR: Two case studies are presented that illustrate how the Five S's tool can be used in clinical consultation between PCC and child psychiatrist, and the utility of the tool beyond its use in behavioral health consultation is described.

TL;DR: Barriers to achieving family-driven integrated child health care are explored and strategies to overcome them to successfully recruit, sustain, and expand family influence on health systems are presented.

TL;DR: The pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical evaluation, therapies and prognosis in patients with concussion, the complex and chronic symptoms after a concussion and their management will be highlighted.