Showing papers in "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease in 2013"

TL;DR: In summary, new antibiotics are greatly needed, as is additional prospective research for combination therapy over single-agent therapy for the treatment of CRE bloodstream infections.

TL;DR: An updated overview of tigecycline clinical studies, current microbial resistance patterns, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigations, and safety analyses is offered.

TL;DR: The presence of KPC production among Aeromonas spp, Kluyvera spp.

TL;DR: Using a reference standard of 2-tier testing, the C6 ELISA as a single-step serodiagnostic test provided increased sensitivity in early Lyme disease with comparable sensitivity in later manifestations of Lyme disease.

TL;DR: Current literature is reviewed that demonstrates dPCR's potential utility in viral diagnostics, particularly through absolute quantification of target DNA sequences and rare mutant allele detection.

TL;DR: Analysis of individual bacterial groups showed a greater change in the fecal microbiota of patients with IBD, especially in those with active ulcerative colitis and active Crohn's disease.

TL;DR: Procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell counts were evaluated and IL6 exhibited the better kinetics for monitoring the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.

TL;DR: In conclusion, year 2011 SENTRY Program data for DAL documents sustained potent activity against SA, CoNS, βHS, VGS, and VAN-S enterococci, which averaged 4- to 32-fold greater than VAN, DAP, or linezolid.

TL;DR: The group created a new CRA formula and it was confirmed its capacity to detect biofilm production in 210 S. epidermidis strains, including 76 (36.2%) icaAB gene-positive strains, and the new CRAmod plus vancomycin may be a promising tool and can help to determine the real participation of S. Epidersmidis in the infectious process.

TL;DR: Resistance rates to several antimicrobials continue to rise after introductions of both pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, as noted from these results for 1998 through 2011.

TL;DR: In SSTI episodes with a culture-confirmed pathogen, MRSA increased from 5% in 1998 to 9% in 2001 to 42% in 2005, decreasing to 37% in 2009, and these data can inform the choice of antibiotics for treatment of SSTIs.

TL;DR: In this review, a summary of the most advanced methods presently available for the rapid detection of antibiotic resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae are presented and their superiority against standard phenotypic methods are discussed.

TL;DR: The in vitro antifungal susceptibility of a set of 99 clinical isolates of Curvularia was tested against 9 drugs using a reference microdilution method, and at least 3 phylogenetic species that have not yet been formally described were detected.

TL;DR: Host-related variables (demographics and baseline organ dysfunction) were identified as the most significant risk factors for IFI and mortality predictors in this series and relatively low rates of IC despite lack of routine primary antifungal prophylaxis are reported.

TL;DR: The high prevalence of KPC-Kp enteric carriage in ICU patients and the significant mortality associated with KPC -Kp infection dictate the importance of early identification and isolation of such carriers.

TL;DR: The association between Candida spp.

TL;DR: This result suggests that mutations in the rpoB531, katGSer315Thr, and C-15T in the inhA promoter region could serve as useful markers for rapid detection of resistance profile in the clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis in Korea, with potentials for the new therapeutic benefits in actual clinical practice.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PCT can be a useful tool for limiting antimicrobial therapy in ICU patients with documented bacterial infection.

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of flow cytometry measuring CD4 and CD8 MTB-specific immune response in 17 active-TB patients, 21 health care workers (HCW), 14 recent contacts of TB patients (RC-TB), and 10 bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated healthy controls (HCG-HC) was investigated in parallel with the QuantiFERON -TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-IT).

TL;DR: The recently developed SUPERCARBA medium has the highest sensitivity (96.5%) (detecting virtually all carbapenemase producers including OXA-48-like producers) as compared to Brilliance CRE (76.3%) and CHROMagar KPC (43%).

TL;DR: The T2Candida assay is a new rapid diagnostic test, which uses T2 magnetic resonance technology to identify Candida spp.

TL;DR: For all these isolates, biofilm production was decreased in anaerobiosis and increased in LB medium compared with brain heart infusion medium, but at various degrees for the different isolate, underline the problems encountered in comparing the different published studies using various methods to study biofilm formation in vitro and the great need of standardization.

TL;DR: The performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-ToF) for identification of Bcc species compared with that of recA sequencing was able of identifying 100% of BCC isolates at the genus level, but 23.1% were not correctly identified at the species level.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that infertile men have higher prevalence of NG, CT, UU, and MG compared with fertile men and NG as significantly associated with infertiles men.

TL;DR: Tigecycline has sustained potent activity and a broad-spectrum against clinically important bacteria causing infections worldwide, including multidrug-resistant organism subsets.

TL;DR: This article will review available data and highlight unresolved questions about cost-effectiveness, infection control, clinical utility and public health impact of multiplex respiratory virus assays.

TL;DR: This is the first comprehensive clinical study demonstrating the applicability of the LAMP assay for a rapid and reliable molecular diagnosis of VL and PKDL.

TL;DR: Through a continuing resistance surveillance monitoring program, linezolid was shown to maintain its spectrum and potency against a collection of 8059 clinically relevant Gram-positive strains collected from patients at 79 medical centers in 33 countries and Hong Kong.

TL;DR: In this paper, the frequency and genotypic diversity of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in stool samples from patients attending a military hospital in Pakistan were assessed.

TL;DR: The Check-Direct CPE assay is a new multiplex real-time PCR assay, which has been developed to detect and differentiate between the most prevalent carbapenemase genes encountered in Enterobacteriaceae directly from rectal swabs.