Showing papers in "Early Human Development in 1986"

TL;DR: The lungs from 29 infants aged from 29 weeks of gestation to 18 weeks postnatal age were studied using morphometric analysis; total DNA was estimated in 12 of these and alveolar number showed a curvilinear increase with age and DNA, but a linear relationship to body weight.

TL;DR: 'fidgety' movements may be related to a postnatal calibration of the proprioceptive system and there are individual differences in the age of onset and duration as revealed by longitudinal observations.

TL;DR: Full-term infants were distinguished from early premature infants by the occurrence of a prominent postnatal surge in circulating IGF-I levels that was characterised by a significant (P less than 0.02) increase between day 1 and days 10-15.

TL;DR: State, as reflected by HR pattern, plays a significant role in determining the occurrence and the amplitude of the CR and the occurrence of a LM which, in turn, will enhance the CR amplitude.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the placental proportion of fetal blood flow decreases with gestational age, as well as in the intra-abdominal umbilical vein.

TL;DR: The peak maximum velocity, the pulsatility index (PI) and the acceleration time percentage were constant during the last trimester of pregnancy, in both the thoracic and the abdominal aorta and did not show any relation to fetal heart rate or gestational age.

TL;DR: The tendency to repeat SGA birth appears to be mediated in part through more adverse living conditions and lifestyle habits, and these mothers were characterized by lower educational attainment and lower socio-economic status based on husbands' occupational groupings.

TL;DR: It is concluded that fast rate ventilation appears to have only limited success in suppressing respiratory activity in infants actively expiring against the ventilator.

TL;DR: CA levels tended to be slightly higher after heel prick and gavage feeding than before, but the differences were not significant, and the adrenaline concentrations were not significantly affected.

TL;DR: It is shown that cerebral ultrasound detection of brain pathology is a good predictor of neurodevelopmental outcome in such extremely low birthweight infants and serial scanning is mandatory to ensure diagnostic accuracy for both periventricular haemorrhage and leukomalacia.

TL;DR: The differential effect of maternal characteristics and nutritional supplementation during pregnancy on both PT and IUGR is confirmed, and the need to include both gestational age and birth weight as outcome measures in epidemiological studies is strongly suggested, thus avoiding the exclusive use of LBW.

TL;DR: In comparison with first week deaths from other causes, short survival was a particular feature of pulmonary hypoplasia in infants weighing less than 2.5 kg and pneumothorax and pulmonary haemorrhage were commoner in term infants with hypoplastic lungs.

TL;DR: It is suggested that gestational diabetes has a deleterious effect on umbilical vessels and the connective tissue component of 'Wharton's jelly'.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented that full-term, and to a lesser extent preterm infants are able to hydrolyse glucose polymers and may have increased digestive capacities for peptides and polysaccharides at term.

TL;DR: It is questionable whether the differences represent a direct effect of clonidine on prenatal development but the dose-effect relationship and the fact that the same effects have been found in rats suggest that this may be so.

TL;DR: Although for state-assessment it is necessary to record three variables simultaneously, the linkage of these variables in the near-term healthy fetus is such, that FHRP A and B may be used for the assignment of behavioural states 1F and 2F.

TL;DR: The data suggest that the accumulation of fetal iron stores is not regulated by the fetus itself, or by maternal iron metabolism, and it is speculated that the placenta may have a role in this regulation.

TL;DR: Prematurity was associated with respiratory distress syndrome, hyperbilirubinaemia, hypoglycaemia, infection, low Apgar scores, asphyxia and intracerebral haemorrhage, and premature rupture of the membranes.

TL;DR: The results show that breast milk sometimes contains an amount of iodine barely necessary to make thyroid hormones, which is around 10 micrograms in the first days of life rising to about 15-20micrograms after four weeks.

TL;DR: Maternal stimulation and co-ordinated infant signalling in AGA dyads, and infant quietness and maternal activity encouraging quietness in SGA Dyads, were patterns in high-scoring subjects.

TL;DR: Examination of 24-h periods in the life of preterm infants incubated in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) using indices of activity, cardiac and respiratory responses showed that activity was less and respiration rate lower when blindfolded than when unblindfolded.

TL;DR: It is concluded that artificial surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and high-density lipoprotein) replacement at birth is not associated with adverse long term effects on preterm babies.

TL;DR: The marked rise in PI, particularly at lower FHR and the constancy of PI in relation to fetal behavioural states can be considered vascular adaptations, which are instrumental in the centralization of the fetal circulation, with the aim of favouring blood supply to the brain, heart and adrenals during IUGR.

TL;DR: A new birthweight centile chart is presented for infants less than 32 weeks, based only on spontaneous deliveries and, it is suggested, provides a realistic standard for identifying abnormal intrauterine growth.

TL;DR: A photon absorptiometer designed to measure the bone mineral content (BMC) of the radius and ulna in premature or term babies was used to examine 34 forearm specimens obtained from 25 male and 9 female babies dying before or up to 13 weeks after birth.

TL;DR: It is postulated that the vulnerable period for the basal dendritic development occupies the period from the end of pregnancy until the first 3 wk of postnatal life in the rat (suckling period).