Showing papers in "Engineering Costs and Production Economics in 1986"

TL;DR: In this article, the difference between "optimizing a given system" and "designing an optimal system" is demonstrated using practical examples and new concepts of optimality, new ways of resolving multiple-criteria decision-making conflicts, and new conditions for optimal and continuous system improvement are proposed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assume that a constant lot size is produced through a fixed sequence of manufacturing stages, with a single set-up and without interruption at each stage, and the transportation of partial lots, called batches, is allowed between stages.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the 0.6 rule in the context of scale economies and examine its applicability for a specific industry using data obtained from a major machinery supplier in the course of research on the choice of technique in cane sugar manufacturing in less developed countries.

TL;DR: In this paper, the minimum value of a criterion among non-nominated solutions of a multiple-criterion decision-making problem is determined for linear programming problems, and three heuristic procedures are presented for estimating the minimum nondominated criterion value.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a heuristic method for determining economic replenishment intervals for an item under conditions of linear trend in demand, and compared the performance of various heuristic methods using these problems as test problems.

TL;DR: An optimal crashing policy for the project is evolved, and an extensive sensitivity analysis is reported to examine the effect of changing the priority structure of goals and unit crashing costs on the optimality of the solution.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a heuristic method which avoids solving a cubic equation and requires evaluation of only one square root per replenishment interval, which is the same as Ritchie's (1980) method.

TL;DR: In this article, a heuristic algorithm is developed to determine the most satisfactory vehicle routes of multicriteria VRPs where the three objectives are to be achieved, i.e., maximization of travel distance of vehicles, the minimization of the total fulfillment of emergent services and conditional dependencies of stations.

TL;DR: A heuristic approach of the construction type proposed for solving a multiple objectives facilities layout problem, based on the concept of similarity coefficient, aims at forming cells of highly interrelated facilities.

TL;DR: In this paper, a linear programming formulation of the problem is proposed and the optimal slack allowance is derived through solving the LP dual problem, which is shown that for a general form the optimal job sequence cannot be determined, but under a special condition it can elegantly be established.

TL;DR: In this article, a shortest-path model is developed to find the optimal inventory groups with integer multiplier constraints for order cycles, where the optimal groups will be consecutive by hD/A where h, D and A are the holding cost, demand rate and setup cost of an item, respectively.

TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of designing an optimal quantity-discount schedule is analyzed from the perspective of the supplier, and an algorithm is developed which maximizes the supplier's economic gain with no additional cost to the customers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify a sequence of three hi-tech inventions, illustratively ranking 45, 50, and 55 (or higher) on a scale of 1-100, the top 96-100 being currently imbedded in products marketed by Hi-tech inventors.

TL;DR: In this article, a model and a solution methodology are developed to incorporate the effects of operator learning, retrogression and manufacturing progress function into the aggregate production planning of short-cycle products.

TL;DR: Energy efficiency studies in both industries reveal differences in specific energy consumption for particular products between the two countries as discussed by the authors, where milk is packaged into bottles, and energy-intensive bottle washers are required.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mixed-integer programming model of the bicriterion single machine scheduling problem where early shipments are forbidden is presented, where the objective function is a combination of total tardiness and earliness.

TL;DR: In this paper, a generalized GP model is proposed for the investment promotion priority areas identification problem and project selection problem in the pulp-and-paper industry of a country, and demonstrated their application in the promotional activities of a government with regard to the pulp and paper industry in a country.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on local production costs in order to find which variables determine these costs and to analyse the sensitivity of production costs with respect to these variables, and some conclusions are derived from the findings regarding the allocation of industries in less-developed countries.

TL;DR: The authors provides a discussion of these properties and then critically reviews some frequently employed measures of comparative accuracy for alternative forecasting methods in particular situations, and discusses the statistical properties of forecast errors and hence the comparative measures of performance have received too little attention in the literature.

TL;DR: In this article, a multi-machine, multi-product production environment with an automated material handling system for the conveyance of parts is considered, where each individual machine in the system is capable of performing many different operations and each machine part may have alternative routes through the system.

TL;DR: In this paper, the validity of the fundamental derivation of Brown/Schneider is investigated analytically and numerically, particularly with respect to regular and sporadic demand, thus giving clear limits as to the validity.

TL;DR: In this paper, an innovative method of assigning due-dates for a single machine shop employing the SPT dispatching rule is proposed and a heuristic approach to determining the optimal due-date which minimizes the average amount of missed due dates is also suggested.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a model for the location allocation problem which incorporates both qualitative and quantitative factors, and a normalized composite measure incorporating all the qualitative factors is obtained, where the qualitative factor's are weighted on the basis of the relative importance assigned to each factor.

TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic approach for improving ordering policies obtained by applying a heuristic method for determining replenishment intervals for an item, the demand for which varies over time, is presented.

TL;DR: In the last two decades, the world's consumption of primary energy, including gasoline, coal, nuclear energy, and hydroelectricity, has increased significantly as mentioned in this paper, reaching a peak in 1979 at 3,125 million tonnes and falling in succeeding years to 2,809 million tonnes in 1985.

TL;DR: This paper elaborates on goals programming as a panacea as a technique which decision-makers can use to solve problems having objectives prioritized according to their importance using a simplified example to illustrate two points.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present some of the relationships between pilots and projects, especially as regards cash flow values, and discuss the economic evaluation and use of observed pilot study cash flows to estimate and evaluate those of the project.

TL;DR: Mendelssohn's improvement of Zipkin's aposteriori bounds is generalized in this paper for any type of constraints o f the original linear program, and for some cases a further improvement of this bound is made without extra computat ional effort needed.