Showing papers in "Environmental Research in 1975"

TL;DR: Using scanning electron microscopy it was possible to correlate surface alterations with exposure concentrations and cell viabilities so as to suggest a mode and sequence of cell injury which may ultimately lead to cell death.

TL;DR: In this paper, both corn and sunflower plants were grown in hydroponic culture and treated with various levels of Pb, Cd, Ni, and Tl salts.

TL;DR: It is likely that the “hands in mouth” exposure route is the principal cause of the excessive lead accumulation in these children.

TL;DR: A retrospective mortality study among chromium platers in the West Riding of Yorkshire and a prospective mortality study, which, in its first two years, has shown a similar trend in the distribution of certified causes of death, are discussed.

TL;DR: Geographic analysis of U.S. cancer mortality, 1950-1969, revealed excess rates for bladder, lung, liver, and certain other cancers among males in 139 counties where the chemical industry is most highly concentrated.

TL;DR: Five sites transecting Hong Kong from north-west to south-east and anticipated as representing typically oceanic and very exposed conditions in the southeast and a sheltered, estuarine environment in the northwest with stations of intermediate hydrology between were selected for study.

TL;DR: Analysis of the causes of death by day of occurrence during two heat waves in New York City in 1972 and 1973 established that there was a great increase in the numbers of deaths in each heat wave after several days of excessively warm weather and on the day which followed the hottest day.

TL;DR: No evidence was obtained to indicate that cadmium induces chromosome damage in vivo in man, but the Itai-itai patients as well as the Japanese control subjects demonstrated a significantly higher frequency of chromosomally abnormal cells.

TL;DR: Insects exposed for four days in cadmium-containing water, then placed in tap water, show a linear rate of cadMium loss, which may lower or prevent mortality under ideal conditions.

TL;DR: Five case reports whose clinical features are completely in accord with those of Itai-itai patients are described, and it seems reasonable to conclude that the five patients reported in this paper suffered from Itai -itai disease caused by cadmium.

TL;DR: Oral or intraperitoneal administration of chrysotile induced a significant and dose-related increase in chromosome aberrations and a dose- related inhibition of the mitotic index of cultured Syrian hamster embryo cells.

TL;DR: A comparison of acute LD50 to chronic LD50 reveals that most of these phthalates are 2–4 times more toxic chronically, however, the chronic toxicity of di-n-octylphthalate was 21.74 times greater than its acute toxicity, while for di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate the chronicoxicity was 27.99 times greater.

TL;DR: What physiologists have inferred years ago and epidemiologists suspected only recently, is being proven by clinical investigators, and a new role for carbon monoxide in heart disease is emerging from new research findings.

TL;DR: Pregnant rodents were fed concentrations of a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6) during the pregnancy that appears to be weakly teratogenic, causing exencephaly and cleft palate in mice.

TL;DR: The very low toxicity of polydimethylsiloxane materials to daphnia, fresh water fish, marine species, mallard ducks, bobwhite quail, and domestic chickens; and their nonaccumulation in the flesh and eggs of chickens and in the Flesh of fish minimizes concern regarding their potential to cause environmental damage.

TL;DR: The amount of radioactivity indicated that the initial rate of Cd uptake by these organisms was faster in hard water than in soft water; however, the total concentration of CD was greater in those organisms cultured in softWater than those in hardWater.

TL;DR: Electron microscopic histochemical studies demonstrated mercury within mitochondria, lysosomes, microbodies, cytomembranous profiles and on cellular membrane structures as well as neutron activation analysis demonstrated highest kidney total mercury levels after 5 days and 6 weeks of intoxication.

TL;DR: Deep breathing was used to increase the inspiratory velocity to overcome absorption in the upper respiratory tract, thereby achieving better penetration of the SO2 into the lung, and changes in airways resistance were short-lived.

TL;DR: The biochemical reactivity of sulfur dioxide in its forms, bisulfite and S-thiosulfates, is surveyed in order to provide a view of the potential reactivity with biological systems and is used as a model for the consideration of threshold responses of organisms to agents in the environment.

TL;DR: Biological assimilation and transport of cadmium were determined for an arthropod food chain in an east Tennessee grassland community andilibrium concentrations in crickets were obtained in 9 days, while equilibrium was not reached in spiders during the 30-day study.

TL;DR: This exercise indicates that the current ambient air quality standard of 0.05 ppm NO x (100 μg/m 3 ) is not conservative but probably excessive, and that the approach is deemed untested and probably unsuitable for general populations.

TL;DR: During the 2-week period immediately following the vaccination, exposure to NO2 appeared to be the predominant factor influencing the percentage concentration of the four serum immunoglobulins.

TL;DR: Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single dose of 14C-labeled DCB, Dieldrin, or HCB by stomach tube and samples of each organ or tissue were combusted and the 14CO2 content determined and the results averaged and recorded.

TL;DR: Though all the compounds were able to remove manganese significantly from the two organs, a definite relationship was exhibited by nitrilotriacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid and p -aminosalicylic acid.

TL;DR: During the experimental period of 130 days, slow and upward accumulation of the tracer continued in most organs except gonads in which the equilibrium was attained, and linear increments showed slightly downward projection as sigmoid, which suggested the fitness to the two-compartment-model.

TL;DR: Evaluation of energy transfer from protein fluorescence to the hydrophobic fluorescent probe 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid revealed that this parameter was not as greatly affected by ozone exposure as wasprotein fluorescence itself, suggesting that ozone has a predilection for more hydrophilically located tryptophan molecules.

TL;DR: Long-lasting pathological changes in the liver are believed to be due to the effects of the residual and the recirculating mercury.

TL;DR: The retention, tissue distribution, and excretion of 191 Pt in adult rats was determined following oral, intravenous (IV), and intratracheal administration.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the conflicting findings of Heppleston, A. G., and Styles, J. A. on the stimulation of collagen synthesis by an extract of silica-treated macrophages were due to differences in the state of growth of their fibroblast cultures.

TL;DR: The concept of a lower “free lead” level, due to a higher stability and/or inertness of lead linkages with body ligands in the growing organism as an explanation of the results obtained is introduced.