Michael D. Waters

TL;DR: The most commonly studied genotoxicity endpoints have been selected for inclusion in this document and they are structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations assessed using cytogenetic methods (classical chromosomal aberration analysis (CA), fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), micronuclei (MN), DNA damage (adducts, strand breaks, crosslinking, alkali-labile sites) assessed using bio-chemical/electrophoretic assays or sister chromatid exchanges (SCE); protein adducts; and hypoxanthine-

TL;DR: It is argued that toxicology is gradually evolving into a systems toxicology that will eventually allow us to describe all the toxicological interactions that occur within a living system under stress and use knowledge of toxicogenomic responses in one species to predict the modes-of-action of similar agents in other species.

TL;DR: Activity profiles are useful for the assessment of the available antimutagenesis data by providing rapid visualization of considerable dose information and experimental results.

TL;DR: Using scanning electron microscopy it was possible to correlate surface alterations with exposure concentrations and cell viabilities so as to suggest a mode and sequence of cell injury which may ultimately lead to cell death.

TL;DR: A wide variety of combustion sources produce soot, i.e., carbon aerosols containing variable quantities of organic matter as discussed by the authors, and the most significant transportation-related sources of such materials are diesel engines.