Showing papers in "Environmental Research in 1981"

TL;DR: In mice exposed to 74 As-labeled trivalent or pentavalent inorganic arsenic, dimethylarsinic acid was found to be the major urinary metabolite and methylation was, however, much lower in the rats and the possibility that this might be one reason for the extremely high retention of arsenic in the rat is discussed.

TL;DR: It has been found that kidney dysfunction is likely to develop in workers with CdL between 30 and 60 ppm and that almost all the Cd workers above 60 ppm evidence renal dysfunction, and there exists a range of critical CdKc levels, i.e., approximately from 160 to 285 ppm.

TL;DR: The surface of quartz is clearly bifunctional, and the ratio of sites is dependent on the degree of ionization of the silanol groups, and both bonding mechanisms are observed to be separate functionalities and must be taken into account to explain membrane activity.

TL;DR: Aluminum was found in the bone marrow tissue of humeri of wild pied flycatchers, specifically in birds with impaired breeding, and characteristic impairments shown by the aluminum-contaminated birds agreed with the symptoms of aluminum intoxication in mammals reported in the literature.

TL;DR: Rats revealed more fibrogenic pulmonary reactions than guinea pigs or hamsters, and Fybex produced mesotheliomas in a few hamsters and its possible carcinogenic potential cannot be ruled out.

TL;DR: The results suggest that environmental pollution by cadmium as found in some industrialized areas in Europe may exacerbate the age-related decline of renal function in population groups nonoccupationally exposed to heavy metals.

TL;DR: The data suggest that disruption of endocrine balance is one underlying cause of depressed growth in oil-dosed birds.

TL;DR: Elevated levels of erythrocyte protoporphyrin, as well as anemia and slowed motor nerve conduction velocity were the dose-related toxic consequences of lead absorption observed in the children studied, illustrating the importance of smelters as point sources of heavy metal contamination and as models for epidemiologic study.

TL;DR: Model particulate compounds and fly ash particles on rabbit alveolar macrophage and Chinese hamster ovary cells provided an excellent model for study of the dissociation of toxic compounds from particle surfaces and indicated that the association of the metal oxide with the fly ash enhanced toxicity.

TL;DR: The specific growth rate and final yield of Chlorella vulgaris treated with zinc, mercury, and methylmercury declined with increase in metal concentration as discussed by the authors, and the total chlorophyll content decreased and the carotenoids/chlorophyll ratio increased with an increase in heavy metal concentration.

TL;DR: Eight adolescent subjects with a diagnosis of extrinsic asthma and exercise-induced bronchospasm were exposed to the following experimental modes and Statistically significant changes were seen in RT, Vmax50 and Vmax75, and FEV1.0 following exposure to SO2  NaCl droplet aerosol during exercise.

TL;DR: Statistical analysis showed that lead in garden soil, lead in dustfall outdoors, and lead in Dustfall indoors were the most important parameters for the explanation of variance of blood lead levels in the area under study.

TL;DR: To determine the mechanisms of asbestos-induced carcinogenesis at the cellular level, cell and organ cultures of tracheobronchial epithelium were examined morphologically and biochemically after their exposure to asbestos with and without the adsorption of PCH to its surfaces.

TL;DR: The presence of OCI in the cord blood indicates their passage across the placenta to prenates, whereas contamination of breast milk which is consumed by Neonates could shed some light on a far greater daily intake of toxic agrochemicals by neonates.

TL;DR: It was found that sunlight and various anions and cations promote the breakdown of organoleads in aqueous media.

TL;DR: In horse kidneys morphological changes occur at cadmium concentrations which are lower than the tentative critical level for humans of 200 μg Cd/g, which indicates that horses constitute a population at risk for environmental cadMium contamination.

TL;DR: Results indicated that large particles which lodge in the deep lung could be retained indefinitely and yield unique chemical or radiation dose patterns to surrounding tissue.

TL;DR: Time-lapse cinematography of organotypic cultures of human fetal cerebrum demon-strated cessation of neuronal migration following the addition of 0.02 m m methylmercuric chloride (MMC) to the culture medium showed signs of cytotoxic effects of MMC, taking place more rapidly in neurons than astrocytes, and eventuating in irreversible degeneration of both cell types.

TL;DR: Electron probe X-ray microanalysis revealed both zinc and cadmium within the cytoplasmic granules of cells exposed to these metals, and these ions are implicated in the intracellular detoxication of zinc and Cadmium.

TL;DR: The mechanism of the protection is likely to lie not only in the filter itself but also in the reduction of tobacco available for smoking compared with nonfilter cigarettes of comparable length and the impossibility of smoking filter cigarettes to a short butt.

TL;DR: An intermediate is formed from the reaction of ozone with PUFA that is stable at −78°C but decomposes to form radicals at about −45°C, tentatively identified as a trioxide (ROOOH, ROOOR, or R-CO-OOOH) on the basis of analogies and its temperature profile for decomposition to radicals.

TL;DR: Bronchopulmonary lavage has been used to recover extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from the airways of the excised rat lung and may give more reliable information on the cytotoxicity and fibrogenic potential of dusts than any of the in vitro test systems presently available.

TL;DR: The effects of cadmium, lead, and zinc on the ability of guinea pig macrophages to migrate and to interact with migration inhibitory factor (MIF) were studied by cell electrophoresis and the indirect migration inhibition assay.

TL;DR: The 6-month-exposed rabbits had foci of pneumonia, suggesting a higher susceptibility to pulmonary infections, possibly due to a decreased function of alveolar macrophages.

TL;DR: The amelioration of lead pollution, reflected in the pigeons in downtown Tokyo, was observed with a few years of lag time after the improvement of the atmospheric lead concentration was first noted.

TL;DR: In this paper, an extensive investigation was carried out on the pollution of several types of housedust with lead and the results showed that indoor pollution levels were lower than the corresponding outdoor levels.

TL;DR: In this paper, the lower respiratory tract of rats was evaluated after inhaling smoke for at least 15 days and, in some cases, up to 45 days in a smoke chamber for up to 100 min/day.