Showing papers in "Experimental Eye Research in 1990"

TL;DR: An overview of the current state of knowledge concerning the metabolism and function of glutathione (GSH) in the lens is presented, with particular reference to the contributions of Dr Jin H. Kinoshita to this field.

TL;DR: The soaking treatment greatly reduces the number of surviving astrocytes whilst stimulating the rapid growth of cells expressing many properties of mature retinal Müller cells, which yielded a purified flat cell preparation.

TL;DR: The prevention of sugar cataract formation by aldose reductase inhibitors dramatically demonstrates the role of this enzyme in sugar-induced cataracts and suggests that AR may play a role in the development of other diabetic complications.

TL;DR: Protein yields from enzyme purification, as well as electrophoretic analyses of crude and purified enzyme preparations, demonstrated that this enzyme is the major soluble protein in bovine cornea, and constitutes around 0.5% wet weight of tissue.

TL;DR: The proposed mechanism of site-specific metal catalyzed oxidation appears to be a feasible mechanism of oxidation in the lens, and verification of the mechanism requires further study.

TL;DR: The corneal transmission for donors younger than 45 yr did not differ significantly from that of donors older than 55 yr at any wavelength and the percentage transmission was found to increase with wavelength.

TL;DR: Analysis of lenses from dogs chronically dosed with various HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors revealed the presence of low drug levels in the lens, but no correlation was observed between the amount of drug associated with the lens after chronic treatment and cataract development, and data have suggested that high doses of H MG- CoA reduCTase inhibitors may increase lenticular exposure to drug via the aqueous humor by producing a substantial systemic exposure todrug substance.

TL;DR: The levels of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1-antitrypsin) in keratoconus, normal human, and other diseased corneas were examined and lent further support to the hypothesis that degradation processes may be aberrant in ker atoconus.

TL;DR: This study investigated the involvement of mixed disulfides in cataract formation by using the H2O2-exposed lens as a model and found an inverse relationship between the GSH loss and theprotein-GSH formation with no effect on the protein-cysteine level.

TL;DR: The increase in gross facility sometimes reported following PGF 2α probably represents increased pseudofacility or uveoscleral facility, rather than true facility of outflow through the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's cannal.

TL;DR: Findings are potentially important since a macromolecular factor promoting photoreceptor survival could play a role in the normal development of the retina, and could also further the understanding of retinal degenerations such as retinitis pigmentosa.

TL;DR: In this paper, a β-glucuronidase mediated pathway for the degradation of glycosaminoglycans is presented in the retinal pigment epithelium using ocular tissues and cultured cells from mutant animals having a recessively inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme.

TL;DR: Experiments showed that animals naturally occurring in high temperature environments have lenses whose transparency is significantly more resistant heating and a direct correlation exists between the resistance of the lens to thermal insult and both the preferred and maximum body temperature of the animal.

TL;DR: Long-term galactosemia in rats induced histopathologically visible angiopathies, simulating those occurring in background diabetic retinopathy in humans, and these were prevented by treatment with an aldose reductase inhibitor.

TL;DR: Structural criteria are inadequate to determine if cultured RPE have become polarized in the same manner as the epithelium in vivo, indicating the cultured cells were only partially polarized.

TL;DR: This work has investigated, in developing mouse retinas, the age at which the complex is first detected and the subsequent accumulation of the phosducin/T beta gamma complex during postnatal life, and the level of transducin complex increased sharply at 11-14 days to reach adult levels that are similar to those of phos Ducin/ T beta Gamma complex.

TL;DR: These results are consistent with existing models for endothelial transport in which exogenous and endogenous CO2 are converted to HCO3- by carbonic anhydrase, with H CO3- fueling the transport mechanism and therefore the fluid pump.

TL;DR: The cause of cell death following inhibition of catalase appeared to be related to an inability of the cells to remove peroxide from the culture medium, at a rapid rate, following the H2O2-pulse.

TL;DR: In this paper, β-crystallin aggregates, βH-, βL1- and βL2-crystins, prepared by rapid gel filtration, are each subjected to anion-exchange chromatography in deaggregating media using a Pharmacia Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography System.

TL;DR: The content of glutathione is high in the anterior lens cortex (plus epithelium) and the posterior lens cortex, whereas it is substantially lower in the lens nucleus, and shows a decrease with deep supranuclear cataract, primary nuclear cataracts, and clear lenses post-mortem.

TL;DR: An attempt was made to localize the earliest fine structural lesions in intact lenses of galactose-fed rats to test their relation to aldose reductase and to evaluate the role of the lens epithelium in sugar cataract formation.

TL;DR: The presence of hyaluronic acid in the anterior segments of rabbit and monkey eyes was studied in fresh-frozen, as well as in fixed paraffin sections; addition of cetyl-pyridinium chloride to the fixative was essential.

TL;DR: The immunogold technique provided precise localization of laminin beneath lining endothelial cells of the inner wall of Schlemm's canal and type IV collagen was found in the basement membranes of the trabecular beams and in fine filamentous basement membrane material in the cribriform layer.

TL;DR: Aminoguanidine has been shown to become bound to lens proteins and prevent glycation and cross-linking as mentioned in this paper, but has no effect on carbamylation, the reaction with cyanate.

TL;DR: The enzyme demonstrates no glutathione S-transferase activity when tested with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, and several other compounds, and a partial sequence of the enzyme shows some similarities both to Se-glutathione peroxidases and a glutathion S- transferase isozyme.

TL;DR: Results demonstrate retinoid isomerase, retinol oxidoreductase and retinyl ester synthetase activity in human RPE cells cultured under the appropriate conditions and show that IRBP can serve as a carrier ofretinol through an aqueous medium to the RPE, and illustrate that the visual cycle can be studied in vitro.

TL;DR: MK-927, a thienothiopyrane-2-sulfonamide carrying an alkylamino group of pK 5.8, is a candidate for the clinical treatment of glaucoma and is the most effective in terms of pressure lowering times duration of action.

TL;DR: The concept that IFN-gamma can regulate class II antigens in the eye and thus perpetuate immune reactivity in this site is substantiated.

TL;DR: The reexpression of an embryonic antigen when placed in culture suggests that pigment epithelial cells retain some degree of plasticity in the adult state.

TL;DR: The force required to tear apart rabbit stroma amounted to an average of 10 g mm-1 width of tissue and it is independent of the depth of the plane in which the splitting of the cornea takes place, however, whether the cohesive strength of the tissue is due to occasional collagen fibrils binding it together, interweaving of the lamellae or enmeshing of the collagenfibrils by ground substances.