Showing papers in "Experimental Eye Research in 2020"

TL;DR: The function of tear components and the consequences of tear deficiency on the ocular surface are reviewed.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the contribution of different ECM components, their structure, regulation and function in modulating the properties of the corneal stroma and suggests future research directions.

TL;DR: Fibrosis is dynamic with ongoing mitosis and development of SMA + myofibroblasts and continued autocrine-or paracrine interleukin (IL)-1-mediated apoptosis of myofIBroblast and their precursors.

TL;DR: It is indicated that miR-21 overexpression could potentially stimulate RVEC viability and angiogenesis in rats with DR through activation of the PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway via repressing PTEN expression, highlighting the potential of mi R-21 as a target for DR treatment.

TL;DR: The progressing studies of these pathogenic mutations and molecular genetics is making it possible to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of cataractogenesis and providing new insights into the preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches ofCataracts.

TL;DR: The functions of the myofibroblasts in the cornea include production of volume-additive ECM, tissue contraction, production of various growth factors, cytokines and chemokines that regulate stromal cells, including other myofibia, and the expression of collagenases and metalloproteinases involved in tissue remodeling.

TL;DR: There was a distinct difference in GM composition and serum metabolic phenotype between POAG patients and healthy individuals, which suggests the potential correlations between the GM and serum metabolites in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and thus provides new insight into the GM-targeted interventions of this disease.

TL;DR: Growing evidence suggests that multiple types of regulated necrosis contribute to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, retinal pigment epithelial cells or photoreceptor cells, which are the main pathologic features for glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa, respectively.

TL;DR: The present review will discuss the current knowledge about USH2A, the emerging therapeutics and existing challenges, and several treatment strategies, including antisense oligonucleotides and translational readthrough inducing drugs, that have shown therapeutic promise in preclinical studies.

TL;DR: Increased understanding of the inflammatory cascades activated during a flare may guide management and improve outcomes in chronic dry eye disease patients.

TL;DR: In this article, postmortem eyes from donors with clinically documented early AMD were examined in choroidal whole mounts to determine the area, pattern, and severity of choriocapillaris (CC) loss.

TL;DR: Bowman's layer lies immediately posterior to the epithelial basement membrane (EBM) and anterior to the stroma proper in humans, chickens, quail, zebra fish, deer, giraffe, antelope, California sea lions, guinea pig and several other species and is not found in dog, wolf, cat, tiger, lions, rabbit, pigs, cows, goats, or horses.

TL;DR: The purpose of this article is to highlight the current understanding of Descemet's membrane structure, function and potential for regeneration.

TL;DR: The capacity of HA-GNPs to distribute through the vitreous humour and their avidity for the deeper retinal layers ex vivo, suggest that HA- GNPs are a promising delivery system for the treatment of ocular neovascularization and related disorders.

TL;DR: It is suggested that MSC-Exos have therapeutic effects on RD-induced retinal injury and can be used to reduce effects of retinal detachment on photoreceptor cell degeneration in patients.

TL;DR: The correlation between specific PRPF31 genotype and RP phenotype is delineated, suggesting that, except in cases of complete gene deletion or large-scale deletions, dominant negative effects contribute to phenotype as well as haploinsufficiency.

TL;DR: Clinical and research findings related to B. cereus endophthalmitis are discussed, the organism's virulence and inflammogenic potential, and strategies for improving of current therapeutic regimens for this blinding disease are discussed.

TL;DR: The freely-available Spectacle system reduces the bioinformatic barrier for interacting with rich single-cell RNA sequencing studies from ocular tissues, making it easy to quickly identify cell types that express a gene of interest.

TL;DR: Tear cytokine levels corroborate the inflammatory nature of SARS-CoV-2 and were significantly lower in severe patients and those who needed treatment targeting the immune system (p < 0.05).

TL;DR: Scleral Young's modulus was found to be significantly correlated with several response parameters, including Highest Concavity Deformation Amplitude, Peak Distance, Highest Conc Cavity Radius, and Stiffness Parameter-Highest concavity (SP-HC).

TL;DR: The expression of retinal Piezo 2 was increased in retinal disorder model mouse caused by high IOP and findings indicate that Piezo channel may contribute to diseases relating the IOP such as glaucoma.

TL;DR: The results indicate that endogenously increasing DA synthesis and release by genetic and pharmacological methods prevents FDM in mice.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that AST could ameliorate DED which may be related to the inhibition ofHMGB1, TNF-α, IL-1β, while PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may be involved in the expression of HMGB1 and the protective effect of AST preconditioning.

TL;DR: The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic Retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, myopia, retinal vein occlusion, retinitis pigmentosa and retinopathy of prematurity is reviewed.

TL;DR: A recent discovery that has contributed to the understanding of haze development is that keratocytes and corneal fibroblasts produce critical EBM components that are essential for complete regeneration of a normal EBM once laminin secreted by epithelial cells self-polymerizes into a nascent EBM.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that circHIPK3 protected HLECs from dysfunction by regulating miR-221-3p/PI3K/AKT pathway, indicating a new insight into the pathogenesis of ARC and providing a potential therapeutic target for ARC.

TL;DR: The theory and evidence are presented to explain the unexpectedly high concentration of ATP and provide evidence to support its hydrotropic function in the crystalline lens determined using 31P NMR and a novel model is presented to propose how this water layer separates adjacent lens fiber cell proteins, keeping them from aggregating.

TL;DR: Recent data on the identification of novel regulators in corneal epithelial cell biology, their roles in stem cell homeostasis, wound healing, limbal/corneal boundary maintenance and the utility of single cell RNA sequencing in vision biology studies are focused on.

TL;DR: It is suggested that ARPE-derived exosomes may serve as significant mediators of cell-to-cell crosstalk to suppress EndoMT by transferring miR-202-5p through the TGF/Smad pathway, and may be a potential treatment for PDR patients.

TL;DR: The results will expand the previous understanding of the impeded AH metabolite composition, provide new insight into the regulation of AH outflow, and likely aid in future AH and trabecular meshwork multi-omics network analyses.