Showing papers in "Forensic Science International in 2022"

TL;DR: The Sydney Declaration as mentioned in this paper proposes a definition of forensic science and seven fundamental principles that emphasise the pivotal role of the trace as a vestige, or remnant, of an investigated activity.

TL;DR: In this paper , nuclear analytical techniques such as external (in air) Particle Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) were utilized for complete chemical characterization of twenty-five "as received" windshield glass samples of six car manufactures.

TL;DR: The successful application of forensic genetic genealogy (FGG) to identify Jane and John Doe cases in the United States has raised the prospect of using the technique in Australia to assist in the reconciliation of unidentified human remains (UHRs) with long term missing persons as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: The most common benzodiazepine-related death was a young male who died due to accidental toxicity in 92.5% of cases and other drugs were present in 97.5%, most commonly opioids (70.5%), psychostimulants (45.0%), and gabapentinoids (32.5%).

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used statistical shape modeling (SSM) to reconstruct full femora from simulated partial femora and assess the accuracy of sex estimation and the degree of stature error added to the reconstructed femur using different anthropological methods.

TL;DR: The need for reliable and precise analytical techniques for food authentication and traceability has increased in recent decades due to the excessive competition for the production of competitive food products which leads to a high chance of food fraud as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors found no definite causative relationship between the mRNA vaccination and deaths of individuals who died within 72 h after receiving the vaccination, in particular with regards to anaphylactic reactions, myocarditis and pericarditis, and thrombotic complications.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors conducted comparative experiments of droplet impact on a glass surface using whole blood and three solutions with a shear viscosity similar to that of blood.

TL;DR: In this article , a Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 µm) was used for chromatographic separation.

TL;DR: In this paper , machine learning algorithms capable of recognizing gasoline residues in fire debris based on GC-MS data have been developed, including random forest, gradient boosting, support vector machine, and naïve bayes.

TL;DR: The authors in this paper conducted a descriptive, retrospective, population-based analysis of all bodies retrieved from the water and subjected to a forensic autopsy at the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in Connecticut (2008-2020, n = 500).

TL;DR: In this paper , the accuracy of 3D models generated by a DJI Mavic Pro with 3DF Zephyr software photogrammetry was compared to models generated using a Trimble X7 laser scanner.

TL;DR: In this paper , a new method based on single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (sp-ICP-TOF-MS) was used to detect shot residues from different types of ammunition.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors developed a quantitative analysis method for nitrite and its oxidized form, nitrate, using ion chromatography (IC) with a conductivity detector, which was successfully applied to 10 authentic sodium nitrite poisoning cases, resulting in low nitrite concentrations (32.4 ± 29.5 mg/L in peripheral blood samples and 20.4± 18.7 mg/l in heart blood samples) and high nitrate concentrations (298.0 ± 25.6 mg/

TL;DR: In this article , the potential applications of the CRISPR system in human and plants, and also evaluate the laws and regulations imposed by different countries to keep genome editing technology under check.

TL;DR: In this paper, the accuracy of 3D models generated by a DJI Mavic Pro with 3DZephyr software photogrammetry was compared to models generated using a Trimble X7 laser scanner.

TL;DR: In this paper , the capacity of AMS radiocarbon dating to play a decisive role in fighting against the illicit trade in art has been reported, based on the excess of 14C derived from atmospheric nuclear tests detected in the fibers used to make the canvas.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors presented results from concerted action on detecting forged works of art within the framework of a Coordinated Research Project of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) called Enhancing Nuclear Analytical Techniques to Meet the Needs of Forensic Sciences.

TL;DR: In this paper , a novel forensic method was developed to quantitate 39 drugs of toxicological interest for ante-mortem and postmortem analysis using protein precipitation and DPX WAX-S tips with analysis on a Waters® i-class Acquity ultra-performance liquid chromatography with Phenomenex Kinetex® Column (1.7 µm Biphenyl Å, 2.1 ×100 mm) followed by a Waters´ XeVo-TQS tandem mass spectrometer using positive electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitor mode.

TL;DR: In this article , the analysis and classification of forensic glass specimens using Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) techniques and in particular, Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) was discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the characteristics of female homicides and femicides, which are necessary to design and monitor effective preventive efforts, and revealed that femicide was a hidden but constant social phenomenon, despite the social, cultural and juridical changes.

TL;DR: In this article , a new approach for the recognition of gasoline residues in fire debris samples is presented, and five different data-to-image conversion approaches are tested, and their advantages and limitations are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article , a sample extraction method using an ISOLUTE PLD+ protein and phospholipid removal column was developed for simultaneous quantification of 20 psychoactive drugs, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, sedative-hypnotics, and amphetamines, in postmortem whole blood samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

TL;DR: In this article , a likelihood-ratio (LR) system based on representative data was proposed to support the expert by making the interpretation of the results of electron microscopy analysis more empirically grounded.

TL;DR: In this paper , a 42-year-old man who was admitted to the emergency department for intense agitation following etizolam and cocaine consumption was detected using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

TL;DR: In this paper , a desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) method was developed to detect the biological substances in ink fingerprints on paper.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present an overview of all the elements and traces potentially present when a 3D-printed firearm is involved, whether it is fired or not, and study these elements for exploitability to obtain information about the manufacture of the firearm (printing processes, 3D printers and polymers).

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the presence of psychoactive drugs and alcohol in blood from apprehended drivers driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) and alcohol, in Denmark in a five-year period from 2015 to 2019.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a method incorporating the finite ridgelet transform (FRIT) and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) algorithms for ballistic identification.

TL;DR: In this paper , magnetic solid phase extraction (m-SPE) was used to extract 40 psychoactive substances (NPSs) from human plasma using COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with magnetic nanoparticles (COOH-mMWCNTs).