Showing papers in "Hearing Research in 1993"

TL;DR: The present results indicate that the optimum placement of a Melbourne/Cochlear electrode array is adjacent to the peripheral dendrites, however, such a site would be difficult to achieve in practice while minimizing insertion trauma.

TL;DR: The expression patterns of NT-3 and BDNF mRNAs suggest that these neurotrophins may participate in the maintenance of mature cochleovestibular neurons and they may be involved in the survival response of injured neurons.

TL;DR: The auditory-evoked brainstem response was used to assess hearing loss in five inbred strains of mice and all ten combinations of F1 hybrids, and data support a genetic model for recessive alleles at three different loci which contribute to age-related hearing loss.

TL;DR: The ABR to both air conducted (AC) and bone-conducted (BC) auditory stimulation was determined in neonatal rats and shows that there are both conductive (external and middle ear--Air-bone gap) and sensori-neural (inner ear--BC threshold) immaturities in the neonatal rat.

TL;DR: Click-evoked otoacoustic emissions from nominal 80 dB pSP (peak sound pressure) 80-microseconds pulses presented at 50 pulses per second were collected from the right ears of eleven normal hearing subjects using an ILO88 Otodynamic Analyzer in the non-linear mode suggesting that efferent effects measured in the human system are not strongly tonotopic.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the amount of efferent inhibition is relatively less in right ears and in females than in left ears and males, which can begin to explain a number of basic facts of hearing.

TL;DR: Results presented here show that the contralateral BBN effect is greater at low levels of ipsilateral stimulation, which leads us to discuss the involvement of both passive and active mechanisms in DPOAE generation at high stimulation levels.

TL;DR: The co-administration of KA and EA produces a profound hearing loss in cats without evidence of renal impairment and it may be possible to adapt this procedure to produce animal models with controlled high frequency hearing losses.

TL;DR: Most frequencies returned to, or near, pre-implant levels after pump removal but recovery times varied, and assessment of the cochlear nucleus of non-recovery TTX-treated animals showed a deafness-related flattening of auditory nerve active zones on the treated side.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the central auditory system can process certain aspects of speech consistently, independent of whether the stimuli are processed through a normal cochlea or mediated by a cochlear prosthesis.

TL;DR: In young children, there appears to be no advantage to recording steady-state response (SSR) at a stimulus rate of 40 Hz, but response could be clearly detected at higher modulation rates, especially at modulation frequencies of 80 and 100 Hz, compared with response in adults during sleep.

TL;DR: The digitization of five minute samples of ear canal signals, combined with sophisticated data analysis, produced a substantial reduction in the emission detection threshold and the relationship between emission power, frequency, and full width at half maximum appears to be in agreement with the implications of a noise perturbed Van der Pol oscillator model of spontaneous emissions.

TL;DR: It is proposed that these patients with absent ABRs suffer from an auditory nervous system dysfunction which disrupts access to the efferent system and disables whatever systems contribute to the neural synchrony inherent in recording compound far-field action potentials such as the ABR.

TL;DR: Data indicate that Astronotus is able to repair damage to hair cells for an extended period of time post-embryonically.

TL;DR: The correlation method has revealed that neural synchronization is less affected by intensity changes and damage to the hair cells than is neural firing rate and a particular form of second-order analysis, the Spectro Temporal Receptive Field, offers an alternative to first-order cross-correlation when phase-lock is absent.

TL;DR: In this paper, auditory event related potentials (ERP) and reaction time (RT) were recorded from tinnitus patients and hearing and age matched controls (N = 12).

TL;DR: Examination of modulation rate effects in a group of adults in both awake and sedated states found 80 Hz was optimal for generating AMFRs in the sedated adults, whereas 80 Hz is optimal in infants.

TL;DR: Light microscopic results suggest the existence of direct, synaptic contacts between descending collicular axons and ipsilateral crossed and uncrossed MOCS.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the suppression is situation dependent and may act to enhance the operating range of collicular neurons in situations of particular importance to the animal, such as during periods of selective attention and perhaps in other situations as well.

TL;DR: The responses of neurons in the lateral superior olive (LSO) and medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) to repeated electrical stimulation of the trapping body were investigated in a brain slice preparation of the mouse superior olivary complex to determine the limits of response to repeated stimulation.

TL;DR: Two-tone suppression and two-tone distortion were investigated at the level of the basilar membrane in the hook region of cat and guinea pig cochleae using a displacement-sensitive laser interferometric measurement system and were dependent on the presence of a cochlear nonlinearity.

TL;DR: Binaural interaction takes the form of a reduction of amplitude of the binaural evoked potential relative to the sum of the monaural responses, suggests that inhibitory processes are represented in bINAural interaction using Evoked potentials.

TL;DR: The early arrival of efferents at the future sensory epithelia demonstrated here may allow an as yet unexplored interaction of Efferent fibers with the proliferating and/or differentiating hair cells.

TL;DR: The effects of DNLL electrical stimulation were reversibly blocked by microinjection of THIP into the stimulation site, suggesting that the effect of the electrical stimulation is mediated by direct effects on cell bodies ofDNLL neurons, and support the idea that contralateral GABAergic input from the DNLL is inhibitory to ICc neurons.

TL;DR: A gender effect was shown on TOAEs and DPOAEs amplitude, and is attributed to the higher incidence of SOAEs in women (58%) than in men (22%) and the age effect found, especially at high frequency components, on TOaes amplitude.

TL;DR: Observations support the interpretation that the suppression of the DPOAE is mediated by the medial olivo-cochlear efferent system and is frequency specific, at least for middle frequencies of 1 and 2 kHz.

TL;DR: Behavioral detection thresholds were obtained from four starlings before, during, and after 11 days of subcutaneous injections of kanamycin, suggesting that birds may be less susceptible to the ototoxic effects of Kanamycin in repeated treatments.

TL;DR: Adult bullfrog were given single intraotic injections of the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin sulfate and sacrificed at postinjection times ranging from 0.5 to 9 days, and mature versions of mature hair cell types in both otolith organs were recognized.

TL;DR: GST enzymatic activity in inner ear tissues ranged from 117 to 348 nmoles glutathione converted/min/mg protein, values somewhat higher than those found in brain and much lower than in liver, which suggests a role analogous to that in other tissues can be assumed.

TL;DR: The results indicate that acoustic overstimulation can induce the expression of HSP 72 in outer hair cells of the rat cochlea and may serve as a marker for cellular stress and potential damage and may be involved in protection from insult.