Houille Blanche-revue Internationale De L Eau 

About: Houille Blanche-revue Internationale De L Eau is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Flood myth & Population. It has an ISSN identifier of 0018-6368. Over the lifetime, 2968 publications have been published receiving 14298 citations.

Contribution à l'étude des écoulements permanents et variables dans les canaux

Abstract: (1953). Contribution to the study of permanent and non-permanent flows in channels. La Houille Blanche: Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 830-872.

A laboratory investigation into the interaction between the flow in the channel of a river and that over its flood plain

Abstract: Cet article expose les resultats d'une etude experimentale de l'interaction entre l'ecoulement dans le lit d'une riviere et celui au-dessus de la plaine d'alluvions, quand la riviere est en crue. Le modele de laboratoire possede une section centrale profonde (le lit) flanquee symetriquement par les plaines d'alluvions horizontales et peu profondes. Mecanisme de transport de quantite de mouvement. On expose qu'un intense mecanisme de transport de quantite de mouvement existe dans la region ou la plaine d'alluvions rejoint le lit; ce mecanisme a ete etudie qualitativement par photographie de poudre d'aluminium (voir fig. 3 et 4). Des mesures faites au moyen de tubes de Pitot montes sur traverses avec ou sans inondation de la plaine d'alluvions montrent a quel point l'action de ce mecanisme de transport de quantite de mouvement abaisse les vitesses et, par consequent, le debit de la section centrale (voir fig. 8). Une relation experimentale niveau debit est employee pour obtenir des resultats plus detailles a cet egard et aussi pour etudier la possibilite d'augmenter le debit de la section transversale entiere par la suppression de ce mecanisme. Des digues permeables de diverses sortes sont employees a cette fin et donnent des resultats variables (fig. 13). Finalement, on a rendu plus rugueuse la plaine d'alluvions et on a constate que cela favorise le mecanisme deja observe. L'usage des dites digues permeables conjugue avec l'augmentation de rugosite de la plaine d'alluvions a augmente de 10% le debit de la section transversale tout entiere (voir fig. 15). Remarques generales. Les methodes normales de projet pour calculer le debit de crue sont discutees et employees pour prevoir le debit du modele (voir fig. 17). Les differences entre ces previsions et les debits experimentaux sont examinees et on fait des suggestions pour calculer plus exactement le debit de crue en partant des mesures de niveau. L'action du mecanisme de transport de quantite de mouvement, employant les resultats experimentaux, est modifiee par un changement apparent du n de Manning avec le niveau (voir fig. 17, courbe 25). Les limitations inherentes a une recherche de laboratoire rendent difficiles des recommandations trop precises.

Étude des propriétés physiques de différents sédiments très fins et de leur comportement sous des actions hydrodynamiques

Abstract: A comparative study of the physical properties of pelitic sediment of the mud, silt or sludge type and of its behaviour under hydrodynamic action shows that in spite of the complexity of the phenomena involved, there are a certain number of simple relationships betwen the various representative parameters for soil-water complexes. The mineralogical, chemical and grain size characteristics of element particles must be known in establishing the origin of a deposit and making assumptions about the conditions under which it settled out at a given point. Such data can be confirmed by the detection of natural tracers in certain oligo-elements found in sediment, and by modern radioactive tracer techniques. In order to be able to define the dynamics of this very fine sediment in its natural water medium, however, it is necessary to estabIish precisely a certain number of basic physical properties. Laboratory research for various French and foreign government departments and private firms tends to show that the following are the three basic properties involved: (i) Flocculation of suspensions, and hence also the floc sinking rate Wf for various solid parti cle concentrations and water media; (ii) The bedding-down of deposits in time, the Characteristic feature of which is the mean particle concentration variation T8 and the concentration gradient with depth; (iii) The rheological properties of the deposits at the various bedding-down stages, and more especially initial rigidity ('ty)) and viscosity (v) variations with soIid particle concentration. Where these three physical properties are similar in different soil-water complexes, suspensions and deposits of the latter also behave similarly under hydrodynamic action. In parti cular, the slope of a submerged or emergent mud bank, tan α, for an assumed 40 cm height of deposit will be proportion al to the initial deposit rigidity ty, as follows: tan α = Kty where for given measurement conditions K is around 25/100 for a submerged deposit, and 7/100 for one above water, ty being in dynes/cm2• Similarly, it seems that the critical bed friction velocity U. can as a first approximation be related to initial rigidity by the following expression : U. = 0,5 ty1/2 where ty is in dynes/cm2 for deposits with an initial rigidity greater than 10 dynes/cm2 • This effect of initial deposit rigidity and viscosity is also found in the behaviour of various forms of pelitic sediment scattered within various water media by wave and tide current action. Flocculation, bedding-down, rigidity and viscosity of deposits invariably turn out to be characteristic parameters for the behaviour of soil-water complexes under various forms of hydrodynamic action. It should be noted, however, that accurate determination of this type of parameter still remains a difficult matter and that its quantitative values depend on measurment conditions, so that any extrapolations must remain subject to considerable caution.

Un modèle pluie-débit journalier à trois paramètres

Abstract: The specialized literature may give the impression that the rainfall-runoff process is considered as a quite solved problem. However, when we examine the current models we notice that they are rather cumbersome, difficult to calibrate and not very satisfying by their results. Therefore, one may wonder whether it wouldn't be possible to get the same results with far simpler models. The present paper reports an attempt to conceive such a model.