Showing papers in "International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering in 2014"
TL;DR: A technique of the complexity measure based on fractal analysis to compare the EEG signal before and after OM chanting and the results based on average HFD all over the electrodes for each subject before and before OM chanting are presented.
Abstract: The OM chanting is one type of the meditation. In the present paper, the author tried to observe its effect on the brain. To obtain insight of the brain, the author recorded EEG signal before and after OM chanting for 10 subjects. Author used a technique of the complexity measure based on fractal analysis to compare the EEG signal before and after OM chanting. Time domain fractal dimension was calculated using Higuchi algorithm. (HFD).Paper present the results based on average HFD all over the electrodes for each subject before and after OM chanting. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i4.5800
40 citations
TL;DR: Economic Load Dispatch problem has been modeled by considering the valve-point loading effects with power plants' constraints such as: the balance of production and consumption in system, the forbidden zones, range of production, increasing and decreasing rates, reliability constraints and network security.
Abstract: Reduction of operating costs in power system in order to return the investment costs and more profitability has vital importance in power industry. Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is one of the most important issues in reducing operating costs. ELD is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem with continuous variables within the power plants. The main purpose of this problem is optimal planning of power generation in power plants with minimum cost by total units, regarded to equality and inequality constraints including load demand and the range of units' power productivity. In this article, Economic Load Dispatch problem has been modeled by considering the valve-point loading effects with power plants' constraints such as: the balance of production and consumption in system, the forbidden zones, range of production, increasing and decreasing rates, reliability constraints and network security. To solve the problem, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithms has been employed. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the problem has been implemented on a power system with 15 generating units and the results have been evaluated. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6720
32 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, positive and negative impacts of renewable energy sources are presented, including solar power, biomass power, fuel cells, hydro power, wind power, and geothermal power.
Abstract: In this paper, positive and negative impacts of renewable energy sources are presented. Impacts of solar power, biomass power, fuel cells, hydro power, wind power and geothermal power are described. Ecological, social and political impacts of different renewable energy sources are described. Impacts of power plants using different renewable energy sources on the power grid are also described
31 citations
TL;DR: A hill climbing algorithm for the histogram of the input image will generate the number of clusters and initial centroids required for clustering, which overcomes the shortage of random initialization in traditional clustering and achieves high computational speed by reducing thenumber of iterations.
Abstract: Clustering is an unsupervised classification method widely used for classification of remote sensing images. As the spatial resolution of remote sensing images getting higher and higher, the complex structure is the simple objects becomes obvious, which makes the classification algorithm based on pixels being losing their advantages. In this paper, four different clustering algorithms such as K-means, Moving K-means, Fuzzy K-means and Fuzzy Moving K-means are used for classification of remote sensing images. In all the traditional clustering algorithms, number of clusters and initial centroids are randomly selected and often specified by the user. In this paper, a hill climbing algorithm for the histogram of the input image will generate the number of clusters and initial centroids required for clustering. It overcomes the shortage of random initialization in traditional clustering and achieves high computational speed by reducing the number of iterations. The experimental results show that Fuzzy Moving K-means has classified the remote sensing image more accurately than other three algorithms. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6608
31 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposes an automatic blood vessel segmentation method that is applied on two publicly available databases, the DRIVE and the STARE and the experimental results obtained by using green channel images have been presented and compared with recently published methods.
Abstract: Assessment of blood vessels in retinal images is an important factor for many medical disorders. The changes in the retinal vessels due to the pathologies can be easily identified by segmenting the retinal vessels. Segmentation of retinal vessels is done to identify the early diagnosis of the disease like glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, hypertensive retinopathy and arteriosclerosis. In this paper, we propose an automatic blood vessel segmentation method. The proposed algorithm starts with the extraction of blood vessel centerline pixels. The final segmentation is obtained using an iterative region growing method that merges the binary images resulting from centerline detection part with the image resulting from fuzzy vessel segmentation part. In this proposed algorithm, the blood vessel is enhanced using modified morphological operations and the salt and pepper noises are removed from retinal images using Adaptive Fuzzy Switching Median filter. This method is applied on two publicly available databases, the DRIVE and the STARE and the experimental results obtained by using green channel images have been presented and compared with recently published methods. The results demonstrate that our algorithm is very effective method to detect retinal blood vessels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i4.6253
29 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a Smart Cloud E-Learning System with Social Networking based on architecture level of social networking and E learning cloud system to support E learning interactions in worldwide environments.
Abstract: With the development of Cloud Computing, the popularity of E learning, the increasing of social networking services, Smart Cloud E-Learning System with Social Networking has become a research topic. The characteristics of E learning Cloud and requirements of Social networking services in environments raise a challenge on building an Architecture and Implementation quite strong. In this paper, we elaborate a Smart Cloud E-Learning System with Social Networking based on architecture level of social networking and E learning cloud system to support E learning interactions in worldwide environments. A prototype of Cloud E-Learning System with Social Networking is developed on cloud, and several applications features are described based on the proposed architecture to demonstrate the effectiveness of the architecture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i3.5933
27 citations
TL;DR: This paper aims to save the hardware platform as far as possible and use it optimally through providing a particular algorithm running on a reconfigurable chip driven by the address-based method, so that the comparison of synthesis operations with the similar works shows significant improvements as much as 1/3 times greater than the other similar hardware methods.
Abstract: The ant colony algorithm is a nature-inspired algorithm highly used for solving many complex problems and finding optimal solutions; however, the algorithm has a major flaw and that is the vast amount of calculations and if the proper correction algorithm and architectural design are not provided, it will lead to the increasing use of hardware platform due to the high volume of operations; and perhaps at higher scales, it causes the chip area not to work because of the high number of problems; hence, the purpose of this paper is to save the hardware platform as far as possible and use it optimally through providing a particular algorithm running on a reconfigurable chip driven by the address-based method, so that the comparison of synthesis operations with the similar works shows significant improvements as much as 1/3 times greater than the other similar hardware methods. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6923
24 citations
TL;DR: The result from hardware simulation that using remote control car shows that the fuzzy logic controller can work according to the design and the fuzzy inference method used in this study is Mamdani.
Abstract: Ride comfort on the highway often interrupted because drivers need to adjust the vehicle speed. Safe distance between vehicles should be maintained is the main reason. The situation of monotonous and high speed will increase the risk of accidents on highway. A device is required by the driver to adjust the vehicle speed during the long distance (cruise) driving on highway without neglecting the safety aspects. The device is known as Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC). The ACC is a subsystem of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADASs) that serves to assist the driver during cruise driving. The working principle of the ACC is the vehicle speed set automatically so that the distance to the vehicle in front remains safe. This paper presents the development of fuzzy logic controller for ACC. The fuzzy inference method used in this study is Mamdani. The result from hardware simulation that using remote control car shows that the fuzzy logic controller can work according to the design. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6734
23 citations
TL;DR: A repository of forty five general anti-patterns in SOA will help developers to work with clear understanding of patterns in phases of software development and so avoid from many potential problems.
Abstract: Service-Oriented Architecture is one of the popular software architecture's patterns used for developing lots of modern systems. However, it has been involved in many failures. Anti-patterns are solutions which have good view, but in fact they are wrong solutions that cause failure of systems. There are a lot of anti-patterns for SOA and new anti-patterns are revealed every day. Anti-patterns have their own reasons for being formed and also they are appeared in special area of the problem. As human's mind is restricted and it can process a limited number of states (piece of information) therefore identification of anti-patterns will be difficult for architects. In this paper, we propose a systematic method based on repository of anti-patterns along with a check list to identify anti-patterns of SOA. This method will assist architects to easily detect and avoid anti-patterns in development process and so escape from risks which related to anti-patterns. Furthermore, in this paper, we present a repository of forty five general anti-patterns in SOA. Reviewing these anti-patterns will help developers to work with clear understanding of patterns in phases of software development and so avoid from many potential problems. Also, our method is evaluated in action. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i1.4097 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA /* Style Definitions */
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20 citations
TL;DR: The compression of hyperspectral images (HSIs) has recently become a very attractive issue for remote sensing applications because of their volumetric data and an efficient method, based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and CANDECOM/PARAFAC (DWT-CP), is presented.
Abstract: The compression of hyperspectral images (HSIs) has recently become a very attractive issue for remote sensing applications because of their volumetric data. An efficient method for hyperspectral image compression is presented. The proposed algorithm, based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and CANDECOM/PARAFAC (DWT-CP), exploits both the spectral and the spatial information in the images. The core idea behind our proposed technique is to apply CP on the DWT coefficients of spectral bands of HSIs. We use DWT to effectively separate HSIs into different sub-images and CP to efficiently compact the energy of sub-images. We evaluate the effect of the proposed method on real HSIs and also compare the results with the well-known compression methods. The obtained results show a better performance when comparing with the existing method PCA with JPEG 2000 and 3D SPECK. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i3.6326
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new method, Weighted Linear Least Square (WLLS) is proposed for power system state estimation, which has fewer variables than WLAV.
Abstract: Power system state estimation with conventional method, Weighted Linear Least (WLS), is performed in two steps. In the first stage the obsevability of system is done and then is system is observed state estimation is carried out. Otherwise estimator is disrupted and is not able to estimate the states. The another estimator, Weighted least Absolute Value (WLAV) has presented which is able to estimate the system states in all situations but this estimator have auxiliary variable which reduces the convergence rate estimator. In this paper, a new method, Weighted Linear Least Square (WLLS), is proposed for power system state estimation. The proposed method, WLLS, has fewer variables than WLAV. The objective function of the proposed method is linear therefore this estimator is able to estimate the states in unobservability situations. Case studies on IEEE 14 bus system show WLLS has good accuracy and speed and is able to estimate the states in all conditions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i2.5874
TL;DR: This paper presents a novel design of a I- slotted patch antenna with compact nature and the study of various antenna parameters and the proposed patch antenna is designed and simulated on IE3D simulation software.
Abstract: This paper presents a novel design of a I- slotted patch antenna with compact nature and the study of various antenna parameters. The antenna is fed by inset feeding technique. The proposed patch antenna is designed and simulated on IE3D simulation software. The main aim of proposed work is to obtain a large bandwidth antenna with compact size . The proposed microstrip antenna has a wide bandwidth covering the range from 1.444-2.393 GHz. By using simple Inset feed technique & by introducing I-slotted wide bandwidth of 49.46%, High Gain 5dBi & good radiation efficiency of about 99% has been achieved. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i1.4594 Full Text: PDF
TL;DR: An energy management system with hybrid solar and wind renewable energy system (RES) with Multilevel inverter to give a lossless power to load and on-line configuration check and buck-boost mode transition will be presented.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose an energy management system with hybrid solar and wind renewable energy system (RES) with Multilevel inverter to give a lossless power to load. This system continuously receives the battery storage and power consumption after it checks the these value with default value if power consumption is exceeds default value means it turn off the loads. We are assigns the priority to the loads in order to overcome the user inconvenient. To increase PV module output MPPT is used. The existing system uses only boost converter, in our paper boost converter is combined with buck converter used because the PV module can produce high voltage than DC-bus voltage. Buck converter used to step down purpose. In this system on-line configuration check and buck-boost mode transition will be presented. Experimental results measured from three-string MPPTs with EMS the maximum power level of 10 kW are used to verify the analysis and discussion with hybrid cascaded multilevel inverter. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i1.4529
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The requisite reactive power planning has been precisely solved by the evolutionary genetic algorithm, which is based on biological metaphor, in which best individuals are selected among parents and offspring generation.
Abstract: This paper contains an approach of a generalized optimization formulation regarded as genetic algorithm with a view to determining the optimal location of distributed generators in 10-bus network offering reactive power capability. It is certainly the case that the reactive power management plays a noteworthy role, when it is required to improve not just the voltage profile but the voltage stability as well. In this paper, the requisite reactive power planning has been precisely solved by the evolutionary genetic algorithm, which is based on biological metaphor, in which best individuals are selected among parents and offspring generation. In addition, genetic algorithm does not need initial information about the system to begin the searching process since it works only with the chromosomes which will be optimized according to the objective functions and the proper constraints. As far as this paper goes, the injection of 228.5469553MVAR reactive power by Static Var Compensator (SVC) is enough to maintain voltage stability throughout the system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i2.5879
TL;DR: This paper proposed a new semi blind method which is based on minimum Eigenvalue of a covariance matrix which performs better than maximum eigenvalue detection and energy detection for correlated signal.
Abstract: Spectrum sensing is a key task for cognitive radio. Our motivation is to increase the probability of detection for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio. In this paper, we proposed a new semi blind method which is based on minimum Eigenvalue of a covariance matrix. The ratio of the minimum eigenvalue to noise power is used as the test statistic. The method does not need channel and signal information as prior knowledge. Eigenvalue based algorithm perform better than energy detection for correlated signal. Our proposed method is better than the maximum eigenvalue and energy detection for correlated signal. We perform Simulation which is based on digital TV signal. In all tests, our method performs better than maximum eigenvalue detection and energy detection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i4.6226
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A robust control of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used in a wind energy production is proposed based on the linear active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and it is applied to the control currents rotor of the DFIG, the DC bus voltage and active and reactive power exchanged between the D FIG and the network.
Abstract: Abstract—This paper proposes the study of a robust control of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used in a wind energy production. The proposed control is based on the linear active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and it is applied to the control currents rotor of the DFIG, the DC bus voltage and active and reactive power exchanged between the DFIG and the network. The system under study and the proposed control are simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
TL;DR: An overview of various expert system applications in power generation plants is presented and it is pointed out that integration of modern techniques such as neural network, fuzzy, machine vision, data base, simulators etc with conventional rule based methodologies have added greater dimensions to problem solving capabilities of an expert system.
Abstract: The control and monitoring of power generation plants is being complicated day by day, with the increase size and capacity of equipments involved in power generation process. This calls for the presence of experienced and well trained operators for decision making and management of various plant related activities. Scarcity of well trained and experienced plant operators is one of the major problems faced by modern power industry. Application of artificial intelligence techniques, especially expert systems whose main characteristics is to simulate expert plant operator’s actions is one of the actively researched areas in the field of plant automation. This paper presents an overview of various expert system applications in power generation plants. It points out technological advancement of expert system technology and its integration with various types of modern techniques such as fuzzy, neural network, machine vision and data acquisition systems. Expert system can significantly reduce the work load on plant operators and experts, and act as an expert for plant fault diagnosis and maintenance. Various other applications include data processing, alarm reduction, schedule optimisation, operator training and evaluation. The review point out that integration of modern techniques such as neural network, fuzzy, machine vision, data base, simulators etc. with conventional rule based methodologies have added greater dimensions to problem solving capabilities of an expert system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i1.5025
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of parasitic resistance in capacitor is less as compared to parasitic resistance effect of inductor and also the proposed study gives better insight into parasitic effect of Printed Circuit Board and losses incurred due to the same.
Abstract: In the proposed study, MOSFET device used in buck-boost converter for PV systems is studied. The parameter of MOSFET Rds(on) is varied and its effect on output voltage is studied. The parasitic elements in inductor and capacitor such as resistance on buck-boost converter performance are studied. From the proposed study it has been found that the effect of parasitic resistance in capacitor is less as compared to parasitic resistance effect of inductor. Also the proposed study gives better insight into parasitic effect of Printed Circuit Board and losses incurred due to the same. In PV systems buck-boost converter is used to convert solar energy to electrical energy which is then stored in battery to drive the loads. These parasitic elements will have considerable effect on the performance of buck-boost converter such as efficiency and output voltage as validated by experimental results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6855
TL;DR: The proposed approach has been examined and tested with the numerical results of economic load dispatch problems with three and five generating units with valve point loading without considering prohibited operating zones and ramp rate limits and the promising results show the hardiness, quick convergence and potency of the projected technique.
Abstract: This paper proposes application of BAT algorithm for solving economic load dispatch problem. BAT algorithmic rule is predicated on the localization characteristics of micro bats. The proposed approach has been examined and tested with the numerical results of economic load dispatch problems with three and five generating units with valve point loading without considering prohibited operating zones and ramp rate limits. The results of the projected BAT formula are compared with that of other techniques such as lambda iteration, GA, PSO, APSO, ABC and basic principle. For each the cases, the projected algorithmic program outperforms the answer reported for the existing algorithms. Additionally, the promising results show the hardiness, quick convergence and potency of the projected technique. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i1.4233
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This paper presents advances in pulse width modulation techniques which refers to a method of carrying information on train of pulses and the information be encoded in the width of pulses to reduce the algorithm complexity and the execution time.
Abstract: This paper presents advances in pulse width modulation techniques which refers to a method of carrying information on train of pulses and the information be encoded in the width of pulses. Pulse Width Modulation is used to control the inverter output voltage. This is done by exercising the control within the inverter itself by adjusting the ON and OFF periods of inverter. By fixing the DC input voltage we get AC output voltage. In variable speed AC motors the AC output voltage from a constant DC voltage is obtained by using inverter. Recent developments in power electronics and semiconductor technology have lead improvements in power electronic systems. Hence, different circuit configurations namely multilevel inverters have became popular and considerable interest by researcher are given on them. A fast spacevector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method for five-level inverter is also discussed. In this method, the space vector diagram of the five-level inverter is decomposed into six space vector diagrams of three-level inverters. In turn, each of these six space vector diagrams of three-level inverter is decomposed into six space vector diagrams of two-level inverters. After decomposition, all the remaining necessary procedures for the three-level SVPWM are done like conventional two-level inverter. The proposed method reduces the algorithm complexity and the execution time. It can be applied to the multilevel inverters above the five-level also. The experimental setup for three-level diode-clamped inverter is developed using TMS320LF2407 DSP controller and the experimental results are analyzed. Keywords—Five-level inverter, Space vector pulse wide modulation, diode clamped inverter.
TL;DR: The proposed method showed a number of advantages including the ability to cipher any type of digital media, the elimination of plain-text preprocessing step, and the applicability to be integrated into larger security systems such as DNA steganography.
Abstract: Before the invention of computers, cryptography was mainly concerned with textual patterns. Nowadays, this emphasis has shifted and cryptography now makes extensive use of different fields including bioinformatics. The fundamental idea behind the cipher presented here is to transform any kind of binary message; such as text, sound tracks, and even images, into the form of a single-stranded DNA sequence. Subsequently, digraphs of codon triplets are encrypted using a grid of 8x8 codon matrix that is randomly constructed according to some secret key. Although the encryption/decryption rules were kept almost the same as the classical 5x5 Playfair, using the DNA encoding step makes it almost impossible for an attacker to perform a frequency analysis on that vast number of character digraphs. Furthermore, an interweaving step is added to scramble the encrypted sequence offering more randomness. When compared with other modifications of the Playfair cipher, the proposed method showed a number of advantages including the ability to cipher any type of digital media, the elimination of plain-text preprocessing step, and the applicability to be integrated into larger security systems such as DNA steganography. Furthermore, due to the very weak correlation between cipher-data and original message, the proposed method shows a strong robustness against cipher attacks.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a novel approach of system analysis based on the OOPP method (Objective Oriented Project Planning) of a hybrid renewable energy system: wind- photovoltaic- accumulator.
Abstract: Renewable energies are important components of sustainable development. Indeed, coupled with a rational use of energy, they reduce the use of conventional energy systems based on resources of fossil and fissile origin, and so therefore the pressures environmental and socio-economic use. Renewable energy aims to offer an energy service to our society at an acceptable price. But on the other hand, the cost of this service has an impact on the local economy, the environment and society in general. Compared to conventional solutions, enhancement of renewable energy creates more jobs, strengthens the local economy, reduces the environmental impact and reduces the lust on the stocks of energy and therefore it is a source of peace. In this paper, we are interested in the study of a hybrid renewable energy system: wind – photovoltaic – accumulator. The objective of this paper is to propose a novel approach of system analysis based on the OOPP method (Objective Oriented Project Planning) of a hybrid renewable energy system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i3.5880
TL;DR: A new adaptive noise canceller scheme, with low computational complexity, for simultaneous cancellation of various forms of noise in ECG signal, and the reduction in complexity is obtained by using log-log LMS algorithm for updating adaptive filters in the proposed scheme.
Abstract: Mobile phones are gaining acceptance to become an effective tool for remote health monitoring. On one hand, during electrocardiographic (ECG) recording, the presence of various forms of noise is inevitable. On the other hand, algorithms for adaptive noise cancellation must be shared by limited computational power offered by the mobile phones. This paper describes a new adaptive noise canceller scheme, with low computational complexity, for simultaneous cancellation of various forms of noise in ECG signal. The proposed scheme is comprised of two stages. The first stage uses an adaptive notch filters, which are used to eliminate power-line interference from the primary and reference input signals, whereas the other noises are reduced using modified LMS algorithm in the second stage. Low power consumption and lower silicon area are key issues in mobile phones based adaptive noise cancellation. The reduction in complexity is obtained by using log-log LMS algorithm for updating adaptive filters in the proposed scheme. A comprehensive complexity and performance analysis between the proposed and traditional schemes are provided. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i3.5534
TL;DR: The hardware of a remote control and monitoring system for wind turbine parks is designed and takes advantage of GPRS or Wi-Max wireless module to collect data measurements from different wind machine sensors through IP based multi-hop communication.
Abstract: In new energy development, wind power has boomed. It is due to the proliferation of wind parks and their operation in supplying the national electric grid with low cost and clean resources. Hence, there is an increased need to establish a proactive maintenance for wind turbine machines based on remote control and monitoring. That is necessary with a real-time wireless connection in offshore or inaccessible locations while the wired method has many flaws. The objective of this strategy is to prolong wind turbine lifetime and to increase productivity. The hardware of a remote control and monitoring system for wind turbine parks is designed. It takes advantage of GPRS or Wi-Max wireless module to collect data measurements from different wind machine sensors through IP based multi-hop communication. Computer simulations with Proteus ISIS and OPNET software tools have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the studied system. Study findings show that the designed device is suitable for application in a wind park. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6479
TL;DR: The proposed method is based on Gabor filters and Local Binary Patterns (LBP), which extract facial features that these characteristics are robust against interference and self-organizing neural networks are used to achieve an appropriate classification.
Abstract: The human face is an important biometric Includes a great deal of useful information, such as gender, age, race and identity.Gender classification is very convenient for humans,but for a computer this is a challenge. Recently, gender classification from face images is of great interest.Gender detection can be useful for human-computer interaction, Such as the designation of individuals.Several algorithms have been designed for this purpose and the proportion of each of these issues has been resolved, our proposed method is based on Gabor filters and Local Binary Patterns (LBP), which extract facial features that these characteristics are robust against interference. In order to achieve an appropriate classification, we used self-organizing neural networks, in this neural network weights are extracted for each gender with little error.The results are compared with existing data sets that this comparison will prove the superiority of the proposed method. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i1.4348
TL;DR: In this paper, the design of a rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for multi-band application has been presented, which operates at 2.4/3.5/5.2 and 5.8 GHz.
Abstract: The design of a novel rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for multi-band application has been presented in this paper. The presented antenna has been composed of very low cost and relatively low dielectric constant substrate materials while three-segment thin dielectrics with different sizes have been used and separated by two metal plates in order to set the four different frequency bands. The proposed quad-band antenna operates at 2.4/3.5/5.2 & 5.8 GHz. The radiation pattern, gain and VSWR of this antenna show very good operation for this antenna in all frequency bands. The first method based on finite element method (FEM) and the second one based on finite integral technique (FIT) have been used to analyze antenna structure, and subsequently the Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been applied by using HFSS simulator to obtain the optimized parameters. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i1.4576
TL;DR: Low cost, wireless, PC-based vital sign monitor, designed in this research, worked well for maximum transmission distance about 45 meters for LOS condition and 20 meter for NLOS condition.
Abstract: Vital sign monitor is typical medical instrument for basic physiological measurement. Medical practitioner assesses a patient’s health condition by observing measurement results shown in display. In this research, we designed low cost, wireless, PC-based vital sign monitor. Signals captured in designed vital sign monitor are electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), and body temperature. Captured data are transmitted via wireless LAN module so that medical practitioner is able to monitor patient’s condition remotely from another room or place. The system worked well for maximum transmission distance about 45 meters for LOS condition and 20 meter for NLOS condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.6429
TL;DR: The proposed circuit has the same resonant aspect when comparing to the Bowtie antenna with a much reduced simulation time and an analytic method to determine the geometry parameters, the Lumped theory is used.
Abstract: In this paper, fractal Bowtie antennas are proposed. To validate our structure and to develop an analytic method to determine the geometry parameters, the Lumped theory is used. The proposed structure is simulated using CST Microwave Studio and then Compared to the electrical Model. The proposed circuit has the same resonant aspect when comparing to the Bowtie antenna with a much reduced simulation time. The Bowtie antenna has a box with a size of 44 *80 *1.5 mm 3 . This antenna will be designed to an RFID Reader that resonates on 2.45 GHz. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i3.5656
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The suitability of PSO technique to select optimum configuration for mobile arrays by calculating the global peak (GP) of different configurations and to transfer maximum power to the load is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents an extraction of maximum energy from Solar Photovoltaic Array (SPVA) under partial shaded conditions by optimum selection of array size using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. In this paper a detailed study on the output reduction of different SPVA configurations under partial shaded conditions have been carried out. A generalized MATLAB M-code based software model has been used for any required array size, configuration, shading patterns and number of bypass diodes. Comparative study has been carried out on different configurations by testing several shading scenarios. While the number of shading patterns and the rate of change are very low for stationary SPVA but these may be quite large for SPVA mounted on a mobile platforms. This paper presents the suitability of PSO technique to select optimum configuration for mobile arrays by calculating the global peak (GP) of different configurations and to transfer maximum power to the load. Keywords—Global peak, Mobile PV arrays, Partial shading, optimization, PSO.
TL;DR: In this paper, the design of a fully spatial signal processor using rectangular array configuration is presented in this paper, which has wideband properties and eliminates the requirement of different antenna spacing.
Abstract: In this paper, array theory in general has been discussed. Basic fundamentals of smart antenna and beamforming techniques using rectangular array theory is discussed. Two techniques, Matrix inversion and IDFT method , for their pros and cons were described which were used for beamforming. Both the techniques found to be useful as their areas of application differs on hardware background. The design of a fully spatial signal processor using rectangular array configuration is presented in this paper. It has wideband properties and,hence eliminates the requirement of different antenna spacing.Furthermore,frequency selectivity and rejecting unwanted signals gives the satisfactory performance for practical implementation.