Showing papers in "Journal of Applied Mechanics in 1957"
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4,028 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that at the base of the crack in the direction of its prolongation, the principal stresses are equal, thus tending toward a two-dimensional (two-dimensional) hydrostatic tension.
Abstract: In an earlier paper it was suggested that a knowledge of
the elastic-stress variation in the neighborhood of an
angular corner of an infinite plate would perhaps be of
value in analyzing the stress distribution at the base of a
V-notch. As a part of a more general study, the specific
case of a zero-angle notch, or crack, was carried out to
supplement results obtained by other investigators. This
paper includes remarks upon the antisymmetric, as well
as symmetric, stress distribution, and the circumferential
distribution of distortion strain-energy density. For the
case of a symmetrical loading about the crack, it is shown
that the energy density is not a maximum along the direction
of the crack hut is one third higher at an angle ± cos^(-1)
(1/3); i.e., approximately ±70 deg. It is shown that at the
base of the crack in the direction of its prolongation, the
principal stresses are equal, thus tending toward a state of
(two-dimensional) hydrostatic tension. As the distance
from the point of the crack increases, the distortion strain
energy increases, suggesting the possibility of yielding
ahead of the crack as well as ±70 deg to the sides. The
maximum principal tension stress occurs on ±60 deg rays.
For the antisymmetrical stress distribution the distortion
strain energy is a relative maximum along the crack and
60 per cent lower ± 85 deg to the sides.
2,693 citations
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442 citations
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274 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a statistical approach to the dynamic response of a system is presented, where the response of the system displays no orderly trends and instantaneous values and phase are meaningless in such cases.
Abstract: : Mechanical systems are not always excited by a harmonic force of fixed frequency and amplitude. Often the excitation input is of random nature, and the response of the system displays no orderly trends. Instantaneous values and phase are meaningless in such cases, and the problem must be treated from a statistical approach. It is the purpose of the paper to outline such an approach as related to the dynamic response of structures.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an ultra-high-speed motion picture camera was used to photograph cavitation bubbles collapsing on the surface of a photoelastic specimen, and the resulting strain wave in the solid has been photographed.
Abstract: Ultra-high-speed photoelastic techniques have been applied to a study of the transient stresses and strains in a photoelastic plastic when subject to cavitation. A photocell, used to detect the transient strains, indicated that the time duration of the strains was about 2
microseconds. Using an ultra-high-speed motion picture camera, ultrasonic cavitation bubbles have been photographed collapsing on the surface of a photoelastic specimen, and the resulting strain wave in
the solid has been photographed.
The dynamic properties of a photoelastic material have been
obtained in order to permit quantitative interpretation of the transients. This has indicated that the stresses due to cavitation may be as high as 2.8 x 10^5 psi.
The photoelastic plastic, CR-39, was found to exhibit strain
birefringence, and its strain-optic constant was found to be independent of the rate of loading.
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