Showing papers in "Journal of Communication in 1975"

Sex‐role Research on the Mass Media

Abstract: This application for patent discloses a security device for clothes racks commonly employed in retail stores for the display of men's suits and the like arranged on hangers in a show case. The device is composed of three principal parts, a pair of hanger rail clamps permanently attached to the hanger rail, a channel support bar which is pivotedly connected to the clamps and a tray member slidably supported on the bar and adapted to engage the clamps so as to hold the bar in locked position against clothes hangers which are supported by the rail.

Facial areas and emotional information.

Abstract: After two decades of scattered research, there has been a resurgence of interest in the predictability and measurement of facial expressions of emotion. Current studies and reanalysis of older experiments have clearly shown that facial expressions can provide accurate information about emotion (10, Chapter 15). Recently consistent evidence also has been obtained to show that the morphology of facial expressions is pan-cultural for at least five or six emotions (cf. 5; 6, p. 7; 16). Coincident with and partly in response to these findings on accuracy and universality, there has been a renewed interest in the question of just where in the face one should look to find such information about emotion. There are two ways to ask this question; indeed, there have been two ways in which prior research on this matter has been conducted. The question can be asked in terms of which facial area to scrutinize (top or bottom, for example). Or the question can be put in terms of which particular muscular movement or facial component should be examined. (For example, within the top area there are a number of components, such as raised brow, lowered brow, drawn together brow, horizontal or vertical forehead wrinkles.) Researchers asking the question in terms of facial areas have

Turn-Taking in Conversations.

Abstract: This chapter focuses on the nature of the conversational "turn-taking" or "floor apportionment". The phenomenon by which one interactant stops talking and another starts in a smooth, synchronized manner is considered the most salient feature of face-to-face conversation by some researchers. E. Goffman recognized that when two or more people come together to interact, they are making a symbolic commitment to one another to respect the role that each chooses to play. One role that is basic to almost all other roles that an interactant can present is the role of human being, one worthy and deserving of consideration and respect. Interaction rules can be considered from the perspective of communication theory. Communication consists of manipulating symbols; if these symbols are to be understood as intended, rules must exist for their encoding and decoding.

Super Bowl: Mythic Spectacle

Abstract: What makes the Super Bowl the most lucrative annual spectacle in American mass culture? T o answer that question I have used the 1974 Super Bowl VIII telecast on videotape as a para-literary text for exegesis, and emerged with this thesis: the Super Bowl (i) combines electronic media and spectator sports in a ritualized mass activity, (ii) reveals specific cultural values proper to American institutions and ideology, and (iii) is best explained as a contemporary form of mythic spectacle. By successfully blending electronic media and spectator sports, the Super Bowl has become the capstone of a.n empire. In its first eight years, the Super Bowl surpassed the 100-year-old Kentucky Derby and the 70-yearold World Series as the number one sports spectacle in the United States ( I ) . Cornmercial time on the Super Bowl telecast is the most expensive of the television year, surpassing even the Academy Awards presentation. These are figures on Super Bowl VIII: Live attendance: 71,882 Television audience: 70 to 95 million CBS payment to NFL for television rights: $2,750,000 CBS charge for advertising per minute: $200,000 to $240,000 Total CBS advertising income from game: over $4,000,000 Estimated expenditures in Houston by Super Bowl crowd: $12,000,000 Newsmen covering: over 1600 Words of copy sent out from newsmen: over 3,000,0001