Showing papers in "Journal of Glaucoma in 2016"

Three-Year Follow-up of a Novel Aqueous Humor MicroShunt

Abstract: Aims An observational study to determine the safety and efficacy of filtering surgery employing a microlumen aqueous drainage device (InnFocus MicroShunt), used intraoperatively with Mitomycin C, implanted alone or in combination with phacoemulsification. Materials and methods Single-site, prospective, nonrandomized study of 23 eyes that had failed maximum tolerated glaucoma medication, followed for 3 years. A MicroShunt was implanted ab externo through a needle tract under the limbus, draining aqueous from the anterior chamber to the scleral surface. Prespecified outcome measures include: intraocular pressure (IOP) control, with and without supplemental medication, success rate, medication use, and adverse events. Results Fourteen patients received the MicroShunt alone and 9 with cataract surgery. At 1 (n=23), 2 (n=22), and 3 (n=22) years of follow-up; the qualified success rate (IOP ≤ 14 mm Hg and IOP reduction ≥ 20%) was 100%, 91%, and 95%; mean medicated IOP was reduced from 23.8 ± 5.3 to 10.7 ± 2.8, 11.9 ± 3.7, and 10.7 ± 3.5 mm Hg, and the mean number of glaucoma medications/patient was reduced from 2.4 ± 0.9 to 0.3 ± 0.8, 0.4 ± 1.0, and 0.7 ± 1.1, respectively. The most common complications were transient hypotony (13%, 3/23) and transient choroidal effusion (8.7%, 2/23), all resolved spontaneously. There were no leaks, infections, migrations, erosions, persistent corneal edema, or serious long-term adverse events. Conclusion Surgery with the InnFocus MicroShunt transscleral aqueous drainage tube with Mitomycin C achieved IOP control in the low teens in most subjects up to 3 years of follow-up with only transient adverse events occurring within the first 3 months after surgery.

Adjunctive Mitomycin C or Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Abstract: Purpose To determine whether adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC) or amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) improve the outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. Methods This double-blind, stratified, 3-armed randomized clinical trial includes 75 eyes of 75 patients aged 7 to 75 years with refractory glaucoma. Eligible subjects underwent stratified block randomization; eyes were first stratified to surgery in the superior or inferior quadrants based on feasibility; in each subgroup, eyes were randomly assigned to the study arms using random blocks: conventional AGV implantation (group A, 25 eyes), AGV with MMC (group B, 25 eyes), and AGV with AMT (group C, 25 eyes). Results The 3 study groups were comparable regarding baseline characteristics and mean follow-up (P=0.288). A total of 68 patients including 23 eyes in group A, 25 eyes in group B, and 20 eyes group C completed the follow-up period and were analyzed. Intraocular pressure was lower in the MMC group only 3 weeks postoperatively (P=0.04) but comparable at other time intervals. Overall success rate was comparable in the 3 groups at 12 months (P=0.217). The number of eyes requiring medications (P=0.30), time to initiation of medications (P=0.13), and number of medications (P=0.22) were comparable. Hypertensive phase was slightly but insignificantly more common with standard surgery (82%) as compared with MMC-augmented (60%) and AMT-augmented (70%) procedures (P=0.23). Complications were comparable over 1 year (P=0.28). Conclusions Although adjunctive MMC and AMT were safe during AGV implantation, they did not influence success rates or intraocular pressure outcomes. Complications, including hypertensive phase, were also comparable.

Early Clinical Results of a Novel Ab Interno Gel Stent for the Surgical Treatment of Open-angle Glaucoma.

Abstract: Purpose:To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of the XEN140 microfistula gel stent implant for the surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma.Patients and Methods:Forty-nine eyes of 49 patients with an IOP>18 mm Hg and ≤35 mm Hg were studied in a prospective nonrandomized multice

Conjunctival Advancement With Subconjunctival Amniotic Membrane Draping Technique for Leaking Cystic Blebs.

Abstract: PURPOSE To describe the successful use of a technique involving amniotic membrane graft for the repair of leaking cystic blebs following mitomycin C (MMC) trabeculectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review of 17 eyes of 16 patients who had undergone trabeculectomy with MMC or combined cataract phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy with MMC and presented with leaky cystic blebs with or without hypotony was conducted. All patients were treated with amniotic membrane graft over the leaking area with conjunctival advancement without excision of the cystic bleb and had a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Success was defined as a final intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥ 6 and ≤ 21 mm Hg without glaucoma medications. Qualified success that met the above criteria, however, required the use of glaucoma medication for optimal IOP control. Failure was defined as any patient with persistent bleb leak requiring additional procedures and/or the presence of hypotony (IOP<6 mm Hg ± clinical evidence of hypotony maculopathy). RESULTS Seventeen of the 17 eyes had complete resolution of bleb leak at last follow-up. Total success rate was 15 of the 17 patients, or 88%. Eleven eyes (64.7%) met criteria for complete success. Four eyes (23.5%) required glaucoma medications after the procedure and met criteria for qualified success. Two eyes (11.8%) met criteria for failure, as they presented with a pinpoint limbal leak requiring a suture at the slit lamp in the postoperative period. Mean IOP increased from 5.7 ± 2.8 mm Hg preoperatively to 13.1 ± 3.4 mm Hg at most recent follow-up (P<0.000007). LogMAR visual acuity likewise improved from 0.7 ± 0.8 preoperatively to 0.1 ± 0.1 LogMAR units at most recent follow-up (P<0.030). Mean follow-up time was 21.4 ± 7.3 months. CONCLUSIONS The technique of amniotic membrane bleb draping with conjunctival advancement successfully restored bleb function, while facilitating fast resolution and stabilization of IOP and visual acuity.

Initial Clinical Experience With the CyPass Micro-Stent: Safety and Surgical Outcomes of a Novel Supraciliary Microstent.

Abstract: Purpose:To evaluate safety and clinical outcomes of a novel supraciliary device, the CyPass Micro-Stent, for surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma when implanted in conjunction with cataract surgery.Patients and Methods:Subjects (n=142) with open-angle glaucoma and cataract underwent combined ph

The Effects of Physical Exercises on Ocular Physiology: A Review.

Abstract: Sport has been known to be one of the most important factors in preventing cardiovascular disorders; some studies suggest its role in preventing neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the results of various studies regarding the effects of physical exercises on intraocular pressure (IOP), myopia, certain physical parameters of the eye, ocular blood flow, and retinal electrical function. Although dynamic exercises are known to reduce IOP from 1.2 to 5.9 mm Hg only for a short period of time, uncertainty persists about whether isometric exercises or activities such as yoga can increase IOP up to 16.7 mm Hg. There has been an established connection between the time being spent outdoor and reduction in the odds of myopia-2% less odds for every hour spent outdoor. Physical activity and the level of physical fitness have an impact on the changes of b-wave electroretinogram and P100. Physical exercises increase perfusion pressure up to 190% baseline and also increase choroidal blood flow up to 140%, thus providing more blood to retina. Sport-induced change on visual field is a subject of controversy. Majority of patients show a better ocular physiological function due to sports and sports are thus considered essential for preventing common ocular diseases. Further research should focus more on long-term effects of sport-induced changes in ocular physiology and newly discovered techniques may be utilized for such purposes.

Assessment of Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Singaporean Patients With Glaucoma.

Abstract: Purpose:To determine the prevalence and risk factors for anxiety disorder and depression among glaucoma patients in Singapore, and to assess the relationship between quality of life (QOL) and depression/anxiety.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, glaucoma patients aged 21 and above with a known d

Retinal Microglia in Glaucoma.

Abstract: Objective:To review the current research on microglia as it relates to glaucoma, and summarize the potential microglia-targeted therapies.Data Sources:The data were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar databases published in English up to July 2014. Keywords used, both alone and in combination,

Meta-Analysis of Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Glaucoma.

Abstract: Objectives:Previous studies suggested that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was associated with glaucoma. However, data on this issue are controversial. This study aims to use meta-analysis to determine whether OSA is related to glaucoma.Materials and Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane li

Comparison of Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy With Slit-Lamp Biomicroscopy for Grading Vertical Cup-to-Disc Ratio.

Abstract: Purpose of the Study:The purpose of the study was to determine the agreement between smartphone ophthalmoscopy and slit-lamp indirect biomicroscopy when assessing vertical cup-to-disc ratios (VCDRs).Materials and Methods:This was a clinical-based, prospective, comparative instrument study performed

The Association of Chronic Topical Prostaglandin Analog Use With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Abstract: Purpose To evaluate the association of long-term prostaglandin analog (PGA) use with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in medically treated glaucoma patients. Materials and methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at a single academic setting. In total, 70 eyes of 70 patients with a medical diagnosis of glaucoma who were on long-term (>12 mo) topical hypotensive medication(s) were included. Patients were classified based on whether they were on PGA or non-PGA class of medication(s). MGD was defined based on meibomian gland terminal duct obstruction and graded between 1 and 5 based on severity. For all subjects, ocular surface disease index questionnaire, break-up time, lissamine green staining, and Schirmer test (under topical anesthesia) was administered. Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ test was used in statistical evaluations. Forty-five age-matched healthy control subjects who were not on any topical medications were also included. Results In total, 25 patients (35.7%) were on PGA monotherapy, 21 (30.0%) were treated with fixed or unfixed PGA combination regimens, and 24 (34.3%) were on non-PGA medications. MGD prevalence was higher in patients treated with PGA monotherapy (92.0%) compared with those receiving non-PGA therapy (58.3%) (P=0.02). Obstructive type of MGD was detected in the majority of patients treated with PGAs (95.7%). Grade 2 and 3 MGD was noted in 80.5% of patients on PGA. Patients on PGA had worse ocular surface disease index and ocular surface test results (P Conclusions Long-term administration of PGA is associated with obstructive type of MGD.

Early aqueous suppressant therapy on hypertensive phase following glaucoma drainage device procedure: A randomized prospective trial

Abstract: Purpose:To prospectively evaluate the effect of early aqueous suppression (therapy) on hypertensive phase (HP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) control after implantation of silicone Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV).Materials and Methods:Patients who underwent AGV implantation were randomized to initiate th

Clinical Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation With or Without Intravitreal Bevacizumab Pretreatment for Neovascular Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Abstract: Purpose:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation with intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) pretreatment in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma (NVG).Methods:A comprehensive literature search was performed according to the Cochrane collaboration metho

Novel Parameter of Corneal Biomechanics That Differentiate Normals From Glaucoma.

Abstract: Purpose:To identify novel corneal biomechanical parameters differentiating glaucomatous from normal eyes.Patients and Methods:Sixty subjects with varying degrees of glaucoma severity and 61 normal controls underwent corneal biomechanical measurements including corneal deformation amplitude, inward a

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Novel Biomarkers of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Abstract: Purpose:We aimed to assess the levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to compare the NLR and PLR results of patients with POAG and ocular hypertension, as well as in healthy controls.Patients and M

Systematic Occlusion of Shunts: Control of Early Postoperative IOP and Hypotony-related Complications Following Glaucoma Shunt Surgery.

Abstract: Objective Evaluation of a protocol of total intraluminal occlusion of Baerveldt shunts and its effects on early postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) control and hypotony-related complications. Design This was a noncomparative, prospective, and interventional study. Participants Glaucoma patients were recruited to undergo Baerveldt shunt surgery. A total of 116 eyes of 112 patients were enrolled. Intervention During shunt implantation, aqueous outflow was restricted using an intraluminal occluding stent inserted through the entire tube length, with and without external ligation, to halt aqueous flow. Postoperatively, eyes underwent ligature laser suture lysis and partial or complete stent removals, at predetermined time intervals. Main outcome measure Loss of postoperative IOP control was categorized as transient or persistent hypotony (IOP≤5 mm Hg) or hypertony (IOP>21 mm Hg). Patients were followed up for 1 year. Results Preoperatively median IOP was 23 mm Hg (mean 26 mm Hg, SD 12 mm Hg), median number of glaucoma medications was 3.0 (mean 3.0, SD 1.2). During year 1, laser suture lysis was performed in 30 eyes (26%) and stent removal in 93 eyes (80%) (23 partial; 70 complete). There was 1 case of transient hypotony, no cases of persistent hypotony, 10 of transient hypertony, and 3 of persistent hypertony. Nine eyes had IOP≤5 mm Hg at ≥1 time points and hypotony-related complications occurred in 8 eyes (7%). At 1 year, median IOP was 12 mm Hg (mean 13 mm Hg, SD 4 mm Hg) with a median of 1.0 glaucoma medications (mean 1.1, SD 1.3). The cumulative probability of failure during the first 12 months follow-up was 6% (n=7). Overall postoperative complications occurred in 11 eyes (9%). Conclusions The surgical and postoperative protocol resulted in controlled, step-wise reductions of IOP with low rates of hypotony and related complications.

The Effect of Trabeculectomy on Astigmatism

Abstract: Purpose:To investigate the change in corneal astigmatism after trabeculectomy.Patients and Methods:Between January and April 2012, patients who underwent a primary trabeculectomy were enrolled in this prospective study. We measured the visual acuity, automated keratorefractometry, and the intraocula

Evaluation of a Trabecular Micro-Bypass Stent in Pseudophakic Patients With Open-Angle Glaucoma

Abstract: Purpose of the Study:The purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the iStent Trabecular Micro-Bypass stent in pseudophakic patients with open-angle glaucoma.Methods:Retrospective, consecutive case series from October 2012 to May 2015 with no exclusion criteria. The series comp

Choroidal Thickness and Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Abstract: Purpose:Numerous studies have detected choroidal thickness abnormalities and changes in open-angle glaucoma (OAG), as measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography technologies, but the results have not always been consistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis and systematic review was pe

Drug-induced Bilateral Secondary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Literature Synthesis.

Abstract: Purpose:We performed a literature synthesis to identify the full spectrum of compounds implicated in drug-induced, bilateral secondary angle-closure glaucoma (2° ACG).Methods:Systematic PubMed literature review identified relevant bilateral 2° ACG case reports. We evaluated these reports with both t

Outcome of Ocular Steroid Hypertensive Response in Children.

Abstract: PURPOSE The aim of our study was to analyze the epidemiological profile and outcome of steroid-induced ocular hypertension in children below 12 years of age in a tertiary eye center. METHODS Hospital records of patients attending the pediatric glaucoma clinic from July 2005 to December 2012 at our center were retrospectively reviewed. Steroid-induced ocular hypertension was defined as intraocular pressures (IOP)>21 mm Hg (or an increase of>6 mm from baseline) with or without associated glaucomatous optic neuropathy after intake of steroids in any form. Demographic data, management details and IOP, anterior segment, and posterior segment findings were recorded. The main outcome measure was the control of IOP after treatment. RESULTS Of the acquired pediatric glaucoma patients, 24% were steroid-induced ocular hypertensives (36 of 150 patients) (mean age group 9.2 ± 2.4 y). We studied 57 eyes of 36 patients that had an IOP>21 mm Hg after steroid intake. Of the 36 patients, 22 had bilateral steroid hypertensive response. Of all the patients, 15 (41.6%) received steroids because of vernal conjunctivitis, 16 (22 eyes) could be managed by withdrawing steroids only, 13 (25 eyes) were controlled by medical therapy, and 7 (10 eyes) needed surgery. Favorable outcome (defined as<21 mm of Hg with/without topical antiglaucoma medications) was achieved in 80.5% at the last follow-up (mean 17.4 ± 23.47 mo; range 4 mo to 8 y). CONCLUSIONS Our paper emphasizes on the ocular hypertensive side effects of steroids in children. There are many instances where one can avoid the use of steroids and consider nonsteroidal/anti-inflammatory alternatives. Withdrawal of steroids and antiglaucoma medicines are effective in controlling IOP in majority (80.5%).

Consensus on Outcome Measures for Glaucoma Effectiveness Trials: Results From a Delphi and Nominal Group Technique Approaches

Abstract: Purpose:Comparing the relative effectiveness of interventions across glaucoma trials can be problematic due to differences in definitions of outcomes. We sought to identify a key set of clinical outcomes and reach consensus on how best to measure them from the perspective of glaucoma experts.Methods

Clinical Evaluation of Methods to Correct Intraocular Pressure Measurements by the Goldmann Applanation Tonometer, Ocular Response Analyzer, and Corvis ST Tonometer for the Effects of Corneal Stiffness Parameters

Abstract: Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of methods to correct intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained using the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), the ocular response analyzer (ORA), and the Corvis ST tonometer (CVS) for the effects of corneal stiffness parameters: central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal curvature (R), and age in a Chinese population. Patients and methods Data were collected for 99 eyes of 99 participants. Whereas cornea-corrected IOP was obtained directly from ORA (ORA-IOPcc), cornea correction in GAT and CVS was implemented using multiparameter equations developed earlier. The study also included IOP measurements by the dynamic contour tonometer, which is thought to be less affected by corneal stiffness parameters than other tonometers. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the association of both uncorrected and corrected IOP with the main stiffness parameters: CCT, R, and age. Results After correction, a significantly decreased association between the GAT (from r=0.15 to r=-0.02), ORA (from r=0.24 to r=-0.19), and CVS (from r=0.47 to r=0.004) IOP measurements and the CCT was found, to levels below that with the dynamic contour tonometer-IOP (r=0.11). The IOP measurements made by the 4 tonometers, both uncorrected and corrected, did not correlate with age. The same was true for R except with ORA-IOPcc (r=0.23). Conclusions CCT accounted for the majority of variance in IOP, whereas age and R had a much smaller effect. The IOP correction processes studied were successful in reducing reliance of IOP measurements, especially those by GAT and CVS, on CCT in a healthy Chinese population.

Accuracy of Measurements With the iCare HOME Rebound Tonometer.

Abstract: PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained with the newly available iCare HOME (RTHOME) rebound tonometer compared with the iCare ONE (RTONE) tonometer and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), and possible correlation with central corneal thickness (CCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS IOP measurements were obtained from 154 patients by an ophthalmologist (doc) using each of the above-mentioned tonometers. In addition, patients (pat) measured their own IOP with the RTHOME and RTONE. The means and SD of results obtained with the different tonometers were compared. Agreement between the tonometers was calculated using the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS Mean IOPs for the right eyes only were 15.9±6.4 mm Hg (RTONEdoc), 15.8±6.4 mm Hg (RTONEpat), 15.0±5.9 mm Hg (RTHOMEdoc), 14.9±6.3 mm Hg (RTHOMEpat), and 15.8±4.4 mm Hg (GAT). Bland-Altman analysis revealed mean differences (bias) between RTONEdoc and RTHOMEdoc, between RTHOMEdoc and RTHOMEpat, and between RTHOMEdoc and GAT of 0.8, 0.1, and -0.8 mm Hg, respectively, with 95% limits of agreement of -3.5 to 5.2, -4.9 to 5.1, and -7.2 to 5.6 mm Hg, respectively. Linear regression of the comparisons revealed a proportional error over the range of pressures examined in the case of RTHOMEdoc versus GAT (slope=0.32, P<0.001). Considering the data from all eyes, the difference between RTHOMEdoc and GAT correlated significantly with the CCT (P=0.01). CONCLUSION RTHOME readings correlate well with the GAT results although some limitations such as dependency of readings on CCT and increasing differences at lower and higher IOP levels need to be taken into account.

Plateau Iris in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma: An Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Study.

Abstract: Purpose:To determine prevalence and anterior segment morphology of plateau iris in patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) after laser peripheral iridotomy using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).Methods:In this prospective study, 262 PACG patients and 144 normal controls underwent UBM exam

Safety And Efficacy Of Achieving Single-Digit Intraocular Pressure Targets With Filtration Surgery In Eyes With Progressive Normal-Tension Glaucoma.

Abstract: PURPOSE Whereas achieving intraocular pressure (IOP) targets ≤ 10 mm Hg typically requires surgical intervention, we sought to examine the safety and efficacy of trabeculectomy in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS Patients with progressive NTG undergoing trabeculectomy with preoperative IOP ≤ 15 mm Hg during the 12-month period before surgery were identified at a single academic institution. Failure was defined as IOP reduction <20% below baseline (criteria A), <30% (criteria B), or <40% (criteria C), reoperation for glaucoma, or loss of light perception vision. RESULTS Thirty eyes of 28 patients (mean age, 73 ± 8.7 y) were enrolled with a mean follow-up period of 50 ± 31 months. Mean postoperative IOP (8.6 ± 2.9 mm Hg) and medications (0.6 ± 1.0) at final follow-up was significantly (P<0.001) reduced compared with before surgery (13.2 ± 1.4 mm Hg and 2.5 ± 1.2, respectively). The cumulative probability of failure during 5 years of follow-up was 32% (criteria A), 48%, (criteria B), and 67% (criteria C). The probability of successfully achieving an IOP goal ≤ 10 mm Hg was 68% at 4 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Trabeculectomy is a safe and effective method for achieving single-digit IOP targets in NTG eyes with progression at low IOP.

Facilitating Glaucoma Diagnosis With Intereye Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Asymmetry Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

Abstract: Purpose:To test whether increased intereye retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) asymmetry may be indicative of glaucoma. To determine the best statistical methods and intereye RNFL cutoffs for differentiating between normal and glaucoma subjects to better alert clinicians to early glaucomatous damage.Me

Optic Nerve Head Histopathology in High Axial Myopia.

Abstract: Purpose:To describe particularities of the optic nerve head of axially highly myopic eyes.Methods:Measurements were obtained from enucleated globes and from population-based studies.Results:Morphologic optic disc particularities in high axial myopia included enlarged disc size (secondary macrodisc),

Impact of Peripheral Field Loss on the Execution of Natural Actions: A Study With Glaucomatous Patients and Normally Sighted People.

Abstract: Purpose:We investigated the visuomotor behavior of people with reduced peripheral field due to glaucoma while they accomplished natural actions.Methods:Twelve participants with glaucoma and 13 normally sighted controls were included. Participants were asked to accomplish a familiar sandwich-making t

Effects of Axial Length and Age on Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Inner Macular Parameters Measured by 3 Types of SD-OCT Instruments.

Abstract: PURPOSES To evaluate the effects of axial length and age on the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) and the inner macular parameters measured using 3 spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) instruments. METHODS A total of 102 normal eyes (1 eye per subject) were imaged using Cirrus, RTVue, and 3D-OCT. The cpRNFL and the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), the ganglion cell layer+inner plexiform layer (GCLIPL), and the mRNFL+GCLIPL ganglion cell complex, GCC thicknesses were analyzed. The correlations between these values and the axial length or age were evaluated using a partial correlation analysis. These correlations were corrected using the axial length-related magnification effect. RESULTS All but the nasal quadrant cpRNFL thicknesses and GCC thicknesses obtained using the 3 OCT instruments were significantly correlated with age. The average cpRNFL thickness and GCC thickness measured using the Cirrus and RTVue, but not by the 3D-OCT, had a negative correlation with the axial length. The temporal quadrant cpRNFL thickness measured using the 3 instruments was positively correlated with the axial length. The magnification correction made the most correlations positive. CONCLUSIONS The average cpRNFL and GCC thicknesses measured using these 3 instruments decreased with age. The axial length affected the cpRNFL and GCC thicknesses as measured using the Cirrus and RTVue; this effect likely depended on the fundus area of analyses.