Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 

About: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste is an academic journal published by American Society of Civil Engineers. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Chemistry & Environmental science. It has an ISSN identifier of 2153-5493. Over the lifetime, 671 publications have been published receiving 5478 citations.

Removal of Chromium from Electroplating Industry Effluent Using Electrocoagulation

Abstract: Experiments were performed in batch mode of operation using iron electrodes to remove chromium from effluent by electro- coagulation, and the effect of various operating parameters was investigated. The maximum hexavalent chromium removal efficiency of 100% from a synthetic solution containing hexavalent chromium was obtained for an electrolysis time of 15 min at the optimum current density of 50 mAcm −2 , interelectrode distance 0.5 cm, and solution pH of 4. The real electroplating industry effluent was characterized using the standard diphenylcarbazide (DPC) method. A 100% chromium removal efficiency was obtained for both trivalent and hexavalent chro- mium, for an electrolysis time of 45 min at 4 pH. It was found that Cr(VI) is initially reduced to Cr(III) in the acidic medium. An increase in the pH of the effluent was also noticed in the acidic medium due to the generation of hydroxyl ions. Experiments were performed for the removal of chromium using ferric chloride as the coagulant, and it was found that electrocoagulation is more efficient and relatively faster compared to chemical coagulation. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000170. © 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Coagulation; Chromium; Iron compounds; Abatement and removal. Author keywords: Electrocoagulation; Electroplating effluent; Hexavalent chromium; Trivalent chromium; Iron.

Review of the Effects of Biochar Amendment on Soil Properties and Carbon Sequestration

Abstract: Biochar is one of a series of materials referred to as black carbon because it is produced by thermochemical transformation of the original biomass material under a variety of conditions. The objectives of this paper are to summarize the characteristics of biochar created from different feedstocks and identify the potential of biochar to maintain soil quality and sequester carbon. Biochar properties were analyzed in context to the biochar sources using indicators of their elemental compositions, pH, surface area, and cation exchange capacity. Application effects were also compared to evaluate the potential of biochar as a soil amendment and carbon capture agent on the basis of pot and field study results. Biochar performed well in terms of the improvement of soil pH and organic carbon, the stability of soil fertilizer generated from its large surface areas and cation exchange capacities. In general, the use of biochar proved to be an appropriate strategy for carbon neutralization resulting from ca...

Review of Perspective, Problems, Challenges, and Future Scenario of Metal Contamination in the Urban Environment

Abstract: Urbanization is a constant accelerating global phenomenon that demands proper understanding of the interactions between the anthropogenic activities, related emission of pollutants and the ...

Service Life of HDPE Geomembranes Subjected to Elevated Temperatures

Abstract: Subtitle D landfills may experience elevated temperatures for a variety of reasons such as hydration of combustion ash, waste biodegradation with and without leachate recirculation, aluminum production waste and combustion ash reactions, and wastes received with elevated temperature. Elevated temperatures can reduce service life or effectiveness of high density polyethylene (HDPE) geomem- branes by accelerating antioxidant depletion of geomembranes and polymer degradation. A case history is presented to illustrate the potential effects of elevated temperatures and time-temperature history on a HDPE geomembrane and the associated reduction in service life or effectiveness. The geomembrane service life was influenced by the peak temperature, e.g., 60-80°C, the duration of peak temperatures (time-temperature history), and the time to complete antioxidant depletion. This paper also discusses possible criteria for assessing the service life of geomembranes, such as applicable engineering properties, locations for service life assessments, definitions of geomembrane service life, and measures that could be adopted if service life were reduced significantly. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000188. © 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. Author keywords: Aluminum; Dross; Heat generation; Exothermic chemical reaction; Landfill fire; Landfill gas; Elevated temperature; Geomembranes; Geosynthetics; Durability; Waste disposal; Service life; Municipal solid waste.

On-Site Sanitary Wastewater Treatment System Using 720-L Stacked Microbial Fuel Cell: Case Study

Abstract: Scaling up of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a challenging task and researchers are still struggling to achieve acceptable results when treating real wastewater at the field scale. In this...