Showing papers in "Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs in 1980"
TL;DR: Young men with close relatives with alcoholism rated themselves less intoxicated than did controls without family histories of alcoholism, despite comparable BACs.
Abstract: Young men with close relatives with alcoholism rated themselves less intoxicated than did controls without family histories of alcoholism, despite comparable BACs.
239 citations
TL;DR: When one or both parents in a family are alcoholics, their children are more likely to become alcoholics if family rituals are disrupted during the period of heaviest parental drinking.
Abstract: When one or both parents in a family are alcoholics, their children are more likely to become alcoholics if family rituals--surrounding dinner time, evenings, holidays, weekends, vacations and visitors--are disrupted during the period of heaviest parental drinking.
194 citations
TL;DR: Systematic observation of a wide variety of Vancouver barrooms showed that aggression was highly predictable on the basis of situational variables and identified a drinking environment highly associated with aggression.
Abstract: Systematic observation of a wide variety of Vancouver barrooms showed that aggression was highly predictable on the basis of situational variables and identified a drinking environment highly associated with aggression.
179 citations
TL;DR: Alcoholism was more prevalent in men, Nonwhites, Protestants, lower social classes and the unmarried, and two-thirds of the alcoholics had at least one psychiatric disorder than alcoholism.
Abstract: Current point and lifetime prevalence rates of alcoholism in a sample of New Haven, Connecticut, residents were 2.6 and 6.7 per 100, respectively. Alcoholism was more prevalent in men, Nonwhites, Protestants, lower social classes and the unmarried. Two-thirds of the alcoholics had at least one psychiatric disorder than alcoholism.
157 citations
TL;DR: Four social determinants (parental and peer modeling, parental and peer norms) were studied for their effects on adolescents' norms, preferences and reported drinking behavior.
Abstract: Four social determinants (parental and peer modeling, parental and peer norms) were studied for their effects on adolescents' norms, preferences and reported drinking behavior.
154 citations
TL;DR: Intoxicated subjects were more aggressive toward their instigator than were placebo or nondrinking subjects, whether instigator intent was neutral or malicious.
Abstract: Intoxicated subjects were more aggressive toward their instigator than were placebo or nondrinking subjects, whether instigator intent was neutral or malicious.
106 citations
TL;DR: A review of the literature indicates that beer demand tends to be price inelastic, distilled spirits price elastic and wine indeterminate.
Abstract: A review of the literature indicates that beer demand tends to be price inelastic, distilled spirits price elastic and wine indeterminate.
82 citations
TL;DR: Deficits on tests of learning and memory were related to duration of heavy drinking and malnutrition and they predicted attendance in therapy and improved performance in abstinent patients and more impaired performance in alcoholics who continued to drink as before treatment.
Abstract: Deficits on tests of learning and memory were related to duration of heavy drinking and malnutrition and they predicted attendance in therapy. Retesting 6 months later indicated improved performance in abstinent patients and more impaired performance in alcoholics who continued to drink as before treatment.
75 citations
TL;DR: Protestants, religious adolescents, and adolescents who believe that drinking is a sin were far more likely than adolescents who did not share that belief to disapprove of drinking and to abstain from drinking.
Abstract: Protestants were more likely than Catholics, religious adolescents were more likely than the nonreligious, and adolescents who believe that drinking is a sin were far more likely than adolescents who did not share that belief to disapprove of drinking and to abstain from drinking.
74 citations
TL;DR: Compared with nonalcoholic women, women (and men) alcoholics were more likely to report that they drank for escapist reasons and that they experienced positive psychological effects of drinking.
Abstract: Compared with nonalcoholic women, women (and men) alcoholics were more likely to report that they drank for escapist reasons and that they experienced positive psychological effects of drinking; compared with nonalcoholic women and men alcoholics, women alcoholics were more likely to report that they felt powerless and inadequate before drinking.
74 citations
TL;DR: Follow-up studies of 758 men alcoholics at 18 months and 4 years after admission to treatment reveal that alcoholism is a chronic and unstable condition, that remission occurs as both long-term abstinence and nonproblem drinking.
Abstract: Follow-up studies of 758 men alcoholics at 18 months and 4 years after admission to treatment reveal that alcoholism is a chronic and unstable condition, that remission occurs as both long-term abstinence and nonproblem drinking, that only modest improvements in social adjustments are observed and that the risk of nonproblem drinking versus abstinence varies among subgroups.
TL;DR: Age and low doses of alcohol had a synergistic deleterious effect on subjects' performance on a continuous tracking task.
Abstract: Age and low doses of alcohol had a synergistic deleterious effect on subjects' performance on a continuous tracking task.
TL;DR: Physiological and observational measures of social anxiety after alcohol consumption showed significant dose-related effects, but self-report measures were insensitive to such effects.
Abstract: Physiological and observational measures of social anxiety after alcohol consumption showed significant dose-related effects, but self-report measures were insensitive to such effects.
TL;DR: Social drinkers' performance on tests of abstracting and concept formation declined significantly as a function of age and of the quantity of alcohol consumed per drinking occasion.
Abstract: Social drinkers' performance on tests of abstracting and concept formation declined significantly as a function of age and of the quantity of alcohol consumed per drinking occasion.
TL;DR: Because A.A. encourages alcoholics to attribute past alcoholism to external forces rather than personal characteristics, it enables alcoholic to develop a positive self-image, redirect blame and assuage guilt.
Abstract: Because A.A. encourages alcoholics to attribute past alcoholism to external forces rather than personal characteristics, it enables alcoholics to develop a positive self-image, redirect blame and assuage guilt. This absolvement of responsibility for past behavior, combined with present responsibility for accepting the help necessary for future abstinence, can lead to continuing abstinence.
TL;DR: There is a positive relationship between children's drinking and their expectations of positive consequences of drinking, and these expectations are matched with the children's actual drinking habits.
Abstract: There is a positive relationship between children's drinking and their expectations of positive consequences of drinking.
TL;DR: When given a moderate dose of alcohol, both middle-aged women and women who were moderate drinkers retained less on 2 different types of memory tasks than did young women andWomen who were light drinkers.
Abstract: When given a moderate dose of alcohol, both middle-aged women and women who were moderate drinkers retained less on 2 different types of memory tasks than did young women and women who were light drinkers.
TL;DR: Portrayals of alcohol use on daytime television serials are analyzed, and their effects on the audience are discussed in terms of modeling theory.
Abstract: Portrayals of alcohol use on daytime television serials are analyzed, and their effects on the audience are discussed in terms of modeling theory.
TL;DR: Both disulfiram and placebo implant patients abstained longer and had more intense disulforam-ethanol reactions than did two control groups.
Abstract: Both disulfiram and placebo implant patients abstained longer and had more intense disulfiram-ethanol reactions than did two control groups.
TL;DR: Neurologically impaired alcoholics performed more poorly on neuropsychological tests than did neurologically normal alcoholics, but computerized tomography indicated cerebral atrophy in both groups.
Abstract: Neurologically impaired alcoholics performed more poorly on neuropsychological tests than did neurologically normal alcoholics, but computerized tomography indicated cerebral atrophy in both groups.
TL;DR: Alcoholics abstinent at least 4 weeks took longer to learn a list of noun pairs than did nonalcoholic controls, yet were able to remember as well as the controls when provided with mnemonics.
Abstract: Alcoholics abstinent at least 4 weeks took longer to learn a list of noun pairs than did nonalcoholic controls, yet were able to remember as well as the controls when provided with mnemonics.
TL;DR: A discount drink policy ("happy hour") was related to increases in the frequency of drinking and amounts of alcohol consumed by casual and heavy drinkers in experimental and barroom settings.
Abstract: A discount drink policy ("happy hour") was related to increases in the frequency of drinking and amounts of alcohol consumed by casual and heavy drinkers in experimental and barroom settings.
TL;DR: On the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Halstead--Reitan neuropsychological test battery, alcoholics were more impaired than patients with functional diagnoses and resembled patients with organic brain damage.
Abstract: On the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Halstead--Reitan neuropsychological test battery, alcoholics were more impaired than patients with functional diagnoses and resembled patients with organic brain damage.
TL;DR: Emergency-room physicians recognized as alcoholic or alcohol misusers fewer than half of the patients identified as alcoholics by the Alcohol Abuse Scale or a brief version of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test.
Abstract: Emergency-room physicians recognized as alcoholics or alcohol misusers fewer than half of the patients identified as alcoholics by the Alcohol Abuse Scale or a brief version of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test.
TL;DR: The 111 men alcoholics studied were of average intelligence or better and showed no gross memory deficit, but did show deficits on the Category, Tactual Performance and Trail Making Tests and the Impairment Index of the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery.
Abstract: The 111 men alcoholics studied were of average intelligence or better and showed no gross memory deficit, but did show deficits on the Category, Tactual Performance and Trail Making Tests and the Impairment Index of the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery. Impairment of the fronto-limbic-diencephalic system may explain the findings.
TL;DR: Religiousness affected alcohol use directly among all three age groups and cannabis use among 15- and 16-year-olds and 17- and 18-year olds.
Abstract: Conformity-commitment, which affected drinking and drug use in a sample of over 1000 teen-agers, was influenced in 13- and 14-year-olds by parents and religion, in 15- and 16-year-olds by peers and religion, and in 17- and 18-year-olds by parents, peers and religion. Religiousness also affected alcohol use directly among all three age groups and cannabis use among 15- and 16-year-olds and 17- and 18-year olds.
TL;DR: On both direct and indirect measures, graduate social work students showed a significant bias against alcoholic clients.
Abstract: On both direct and indirect measures, graduate social work students showed a significant bias against alcoholic clients.
TL;DR: If self-reports about drinking are inaccurate, then the authors should rely less on such reports and judiciously qualify any conclusions based on them, and this area has only recently received attention.
Abstract: minimizing and denying their drinking problems. If self-reports about drinking are inaccurate, then we should rely less on such reports and judiciously qualify any conclusions based on them. Despite the importance of determining the validity of alcoholics' self- reports, this area has only recently received attention.