Showing papers in "Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies in 2010"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic approach and analytical means for tourism revival strategic marketing planning with a combination of SWOT matrix and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is presented.
Abstract: Tourism is one of the most dynamic and fastest growing global industries. However, tourist destinations are defenseless from unforeseeable disasters. Recovery shows a sluggish and delicate manner to which stepwise guidelines can not be formulated due to diverse internal and external environmental conditions. Thus, a systematic approach is inevitable for a tourism revival following a sudden disaster. This paper explains a systematic approach and analytical means for tourism revival strategic marketing planning with a combination of SWOT matrix and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). SWOT technique examines both internal and external factors of tourism industry. The combination yields analytically determined priority factors and make them commensurable. The prioritized SWOT factors are used to formulate alternative recovery strategies using TOWS matrix. Ultimately a comprehensive priority for each strategic alternative with respect to SWOT factors was evaluated using strategic evaluation matrix. This method was applied for the tourism revival process of Sri Lanka following the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. Results indicate that proactive communication strategy and isolation strategy with effective marketing promotional strategy were the best strategies that could have been implemented for a booming tourism revival process. The accuracy of the proposed hybrid method was established by comparing with then implemented strategies.
54 citations
33 citations
TL;DR: An exploration of public transport users' attitudes and preferences towards various policies in Indonesia is presented in this paper, where the authors explore the relationship between public transport usage and attitudes towards various public transport policies.
Abstract: An exploration of public transport users’ attitudes and preferences towards various policies in Indonesia
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented two methods of measuring average speed and travel time, i.e., stated travel times from travel surveys are compared and corroborated against measured implied travel time based on a GPS-based floating vehicle study to identify the measurable operating speed.
Abstract: Travel survey respondents often over- or under-estimate their travel time depending on a number of factors. This research presents 2 methods of measuring average speed and thus travel time. The traditional method, stated travel times from travel surveys are compared and corroborated against measured implied travel time based on a GPS-based floating vehicle study to identify the measurable operating speed. An example of this approach is shown for a survey of 2-wheelers (bicyclists and electric bike users) in 2 cities in China. In these cases, survey respondents report up to 32% higher travel times than what is measured on a floating vehicle study, depending on the case. The implication is that mode choice models calibrated on respondent stated travel time more than triples the effect of travel time compared with a model calibrated on average GPS speed (and inferred trip travel time).
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the impact of signal free intersections on pedestrians and found that pedestrians had exposure to higher risks after the construction of the signal-free crossing despite the presence of an underpass and median barrier.
Abstract: In order to improve traffic flow, signal-free, grade-separated intersections in Delhi have often replaced signalized intersections. Evaluating the impact of signal free intersections on pedestrians is important when nearly fifty percent fatalities in the city involve pedestrians. Examining a pedestrian sample before and after site reconstruction produces a better understanding of the subsequent changes in pedestrian risk behavior. Strategically placed camcorders viewed pedestrians and approaching traffic. Data reduction measured the accepted time gap of each pedestrian making an unsafe crossing and the average speeds of the approaching vehicle groups. A pedestrian survey provided additional information. Sixty two percent pedestrian accepted gap less than 4 seconds(exposed to high risk) after site reconstruction compared to fifteen percent pedestrian accepting similar gap before the site reconstruction. More than 35 percent of pedestrian stage crossings had accepted gaps less than one second as compared to 6 percent of pedestrian stage crossings before reconstruction. After reconstruction, 22% of pedestrians did not use the pedestrian underpass and continued unsafe crossings at the site. Pedestrian exposure to greater risks of bodily injury and death with site reconstruction occurred despite the presence of an underpass and median barrier. Pedestrians had exposure to higher risks after the construction of the signal-free crossing. Not all pedestrians used the pedestrian subway. The design and location of the pedestrian subway needs modification.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore causal relationships between influence factors, types of port cooperation (i.e., complementary cooperation and co-opetition), and port competitiveness, and identify potentially important items for port cooperation.
Abstract: In order to cope with the ever-increasing competitive environment and enhance the overall competitiveness of ports in a region, cooperation between adjacent container ports is emerging. The main purpose of this paper is to explore causal relationships between influence factors, types of port cooperation (i.e. complementary cooperation and coopetition), and port competitiveness. Besides, potentially important items for port cooperation are also identified. The results indicated that both two types of port cooperation would positively influence the competitiveness of adjacent ports in same region. Moreover, competitive intensity in a region would support through both types of cooperation to influence regional competitiveness indirectly. Shipping and terminal operators' strategy would also influence regional competitiveness through both types of cooperation indirectly. Finally, port internal conditions, liners service and pricing strategy are identified as important items for complementary cooperation and that for coopetition are port operational management, liners service, resource integration and pricing strategy.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the analysis to calculate road pavement distress loss cost resulted from overloading and therefore the amount of loss cost the overload car users shall bear can be determined, based on damage factor (DF) and deficit design life (DDL).
Abstract: This paper explains the analysis to calculate road pavement distress loss cost resulted from overloading and therefore the amount of loss cost the overload car users shall bear can be determined Overloading heavy vehicle causes road pavement structural distress and service lifetime decreasing during design lifetime The presence of overloading is indicated by the width area of rutting which is more than 60% of total road structural distress per km and by real maximum axle load (MAL) of the heavy vehicle which is larger than its standard MAL The loss cost of road pavement distress due to overloading is calculated based on damage factor (DF) and deficit design life (DDL) The loss cost the overload car user shall bear is 60% of total DFC (damage factor cost) and DDLC (deficit design life cost), considering that not all pavement structural distresses are absolutely caused by overloading freight transport
23 citations
20 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a quantitative model for measuring the connectivity of multimodal transit networks, based on the degree centrality of a node and the connecting powers of transit lines serving the transit stop.
Abstract: As transit networks are becoming more multimodal, the concept of connectivity of transit networks becomes important. This study aims to develop a quantitative model for measuring the connectivity of multimodal transit networks. To that end, we select, as evaluation measures of a transit line, its length, capacity, and speed. We then define the connecting power of a transit line as the product of those measures. The degree centrality of a node, which is a widely used centrality measure in social network analysis, is employed with appropriate modifications suited for transit networks. Using the degree centrality of a transit stop and the connecting powers of transit lines serving the transit stop, we develop an index quantifying the level of connectivity of the transit stop. From the connectivity indexes of transit stops, we derive the connectivity index of a transit line as well as an area of a multimodal transit network. In addition, we present a method to evaluate the connectivity of a transfer center using the connectivity indexes of transit stops and passenger acceptance rate functions. A case study shows that the connectivity evaluation model developed in this study takes well into consideration characteristics of multimodal transit networks, adequately measures the connectivity of transit stops, lines, and areas, and furthermore can be used in determining the level of service of transfer centers.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors aim to identify habitual driving styles and evaluate how these styles connect to drivers' sociodemographic factors as well as speeding and accident experience, but not on accident involvement.
Abstract: This study aims to identify habitual driving styles and evaluate how these styles connect to drivers' sociodemographic factors as well as speeding and accident experience. In a quota sample of 247 Taiwanese individuals, an exploratory factor analysis combined with a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to derive 5 valid constructs including aggressiveness, anxiety, misjudgment, distraction, and unawareness. Moreover, 4 driving styles were identified and analyzed via a K-means cluster and logistic regression analysis. The analytical results showed that the derived constructs significantly differ on their sociodemographic factors, speeding experience, but not on accident involvement. Moreover, the constructs exhibited distinct impacts on the formation of driving styles while exposure factors were controlled. The heterogeneous driving styles explored in this study could reconfirm the heterogeneity of driver personality and accident occurrence found in past studies. General strategies to the sample population and specific strategies to each driving style were discussed.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a microscopic simulation evacuation model considering car-following behavior in flood situation using software AIMSUN is developed, where the authors formulated the relationship between car following free velocity and depth of water by information with respect to the accurate representation of vehicle's dynamics properties under flood.
Abstract: This study developed a microscopic simulation evacuation model considering car-following behavior in flood situation using software AIMSUN. The authors formulated the relationship between car-following free velocity and depth of water by information with respect to the accurate representation of vehicle's dynamics properties under flood. Moreover, a flood prediction model combining traffic analysis is conducted to catch up with the momentarily changed network because of the disaster. The effectiveness of different departure models of human behavior are also compared. They are exponential and simultaneous activities. The results indicate that the flood significantly affects the evacuation and that strategies promoting smooth evacuation activity are very important.
TL;DR: In this article, a framework for studying mental models that incorporates task demand and motivated capability was proposed to understand the contributing factors of mental model and the individual difference in task demands and motivated capabilities.
Abstract: Past road safety studies have mostly focused on identification of scenarios involving high accident risk. However, risky scenarios only describe accident outcomes rather than actual causality. Discussion of driver's cognitive interaction when driving is a necessity for deeper study on the nature of accidents. To comprehend the entire structure of mental workload, this research proposes a framework for studying mental models that incorporates task demand and motivated capability. Understanding the contributing factors of mental model and the individual difference in task demand and motivated capability can help evaluate the mental workload. In addition, integrating mental model with accident chain analysis enables exploring information net effect on mental workload. Thus, optimized information can hopefully be defined and provided to drivers in different scenarios without causing additional risk of accidents.
TL;DR: In this article, a numerical analytical tool is described to study the effect of tire groove spacing, groove width, and groove depth on hydroplaning speed by means of earlier verified analytical hydro-planing modeling for tire having transverse and longitudinal groove pattern on plane pavement surface.
Abstract: Hydroplaning is a major safety concern in wet-weather driving. Grooved tires have been commonly used to improve skid resistance and increase the hydroplaning speed. Tire grooves help in the expulsion of water from the tire pavement contact region by providing escape channels. Past researchers have shown that tire groove spacing, groove width, and groove depth affect skid resistance. However, analytical tools are unavailable for highway engineers to evaluate hydroplaning speed taking into account basic geometric parameters such as tire groove width, groove depth, and spacing. The present paper describes a numerical analytical tool to study the effect of tire groove spacing, groove width, and groove depth on hydroplaning speed by means of earlier verified analytical hydroplaning modeling for tire having transverse groove pattern, longitudinal groove pattern, and combined transverse and longitudinal groove pattern on plane pavement surface are analyzed in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of accident related factors on road fatalities using logistic regression technique was investigated using Bali in Indonesia as a case study, and the results showed that female motorcyclists and motorists were about 79% and 72%, respectively, contributing more on motorcycle and motor vehicle fatal accidents than males.
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of accident related factors on road fatalities using logistic regression technique. Logistic Regression models were separately developed for fatal accidents considering motorcycles and all vehicles including motorcycles using Bali in Indonesia as a case study. Based on the State Police of Bali Province accident data, 7 predictor variables were employed in the developed models. The study found that the odds of fatal accident due to male motorcyclists and motorists at fault were 0.3 and 0.4, respectively lower than for females. Thus, the probabilities of female motorcyclists and motorists were about 79% and 72%, respectively, contributing more on motorcycle and motor vehicle fatal accidents than males. In addition, age was also significant to influence all vehicle fatalities. Age was accounted for about 50% to influence all vehicles fatalities.
TL;DR: The results show that the application of the MKJI VDF can obtain a more accurate representation of the actual traffic volume compared to the BPR VDF.
Abstract: The delay function is a central component of equilibrium trip assignment models that influences the traffic volume on a road section. The Volume Delay Function (VDF) developed by US Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) in 1964 is commonly used to iterate traffic volume in Indonesia despite the fact that the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI) also has a curve of the VDF describing delay in Indonesia. This paper attempts to obtain the delay equation and its parameters refer to the curve of MKJI VDF. This is followed by an implementation using field data is carried out to compare traffic volume produced using the BPR VDF and the MKJI VDF. The results show that the application of the MKJI VDF can obtain a more accurate representation of the actual traffic volume compared to the BPR VDF.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the traffic performance of a motorcycle-dominated urban street under the impact of light vehicle, whereby particular observation on how motorcycle responds under different proportions of light vehicles is conducted.
Abstract: Urban traffic in Phnom Penh is characterized by the high level of mixed traffic with an extremely high proportion of motorcycles. Rapid growth of motorcycles with their behavior in traffic is the main cause of road congestion and accidents. Recently, there is also a drastic increase in number of light vehicles including car, pick-up, and van causing a more serious problem on traffic capacity and safety. Firstly, this paper investigates the traffic performance of motorcycle-dominated urban street under the impact of light vehicle, whereby particular observation on how motorcycle responds under different proportions of light vehicle is conducted. Data was collected using videotaping technique. Secondly, the present paper examines motorcyclists' perception on traffic safety issue and the extent to which they involve in traffic accident based on motorcycle driver interview survey. Finally, discussion on how to improve capacity and safety is made.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated attitudes and preferences toward walking in different urban areas to understand differences among pedestrian travel culture and found that pedestrians in large cities who use public transport consider pleasant walking environment in their route choice behavior even at the cost of making a detour.
Abstract: Attitudes and preferences toward walking in different urban areas have been investigated to understand differences among pedestrian travel culture. The study team distributed a total of 10,000 questionnaires in 10 cities and achieved a 23.5% average response rate. Analysis revealed attitude toward walking has a statistically significant difference among different age groups with relatively old age groups expressing positive responses. Car ownership of respondents did not contribute to a significant difference in attitudes although the public transport usage showed an impact. Preferences related to walking space also showed a significant difference between respondents who use and do not use public transport. Analysis also showed that citizens in large cities who use public transport consider pleasant walking environment in their route choice behavior even at the cost of making a detour. Walking behavior, particularly the pedestrian signal compliance at traffic signals, is found to be different between many city pairs considered in the analysis.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of traffic and road conditions on accident rates on rural interurban roads in Eastern Indonesia were investigated and the authors concluded that the proportion of motorcycles, roughness index, road width, and average speed contribute significantly to the fatality rate in terms of fatalities over 100 million vehicle km traveled.
Abstract: This paper presents the effects of traffic and road conditions on accident rates on rural interurban roads in Eastern Indonesia. The survey was conducted in 7 provinces on 35 sections of roads. However, only 18 sections of roads were able to be used in constructing the accident rates model. Multivariate regression with Poisson error was chosen as the best models and it concluded that the proportion of motorcycles, roughness index, road width, and average speed contribute significantly to the fatality rate in terms of fatalities over 100 million vehicle km traveled. It is suggested that limiting the number of motorcycles will have a greater impact on road safety. Increasing proportion of motorcycles by 10% will increase fatality rate by 30%. Reducing road width by 0.5 m, increasing average speed by 5 kph and increasing IRI index by 1 will increase fatality rate by 8.50%, 3.50% and 2.80%, respectively.
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of accident related factors on motorcycle injuries on two arterial roads in Bali was investigated by using Multinomial logit (MNL) models considering three severity classes such as slight injury, serious injury, and fatal injury.
Abstract: This paper aims to investigate the influence of accident related factors on motorcycle injuries on 2 arterial roads in Bali. Multinomial logit (MNL) models are estimated considering 3 severity classes such as slight injury, serious injury, and fatal injury as response variables using local police data as explanatory variables. The analysis shows that there are 4 variables associated with motorcycle injuries. Sideswipe accidents involving motorcyclists were 51.7% less likely resulting in serious injuries than slight injuries. In addition, motorcycles collided with other vehicle(s), either motorist/motorcyclist failed to yield and motorcycle at fault were 89.1%, 60.7%, and 44%, respectively less likely resulting in fatal injuries than slight injuries. Probability analysis shows that a change in 1% of these variables could influence motorcycle injuries between 33% and 34%.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effectiveness of the mandatory seatbelt law was evaluated in terms of observance of the law and estimated reduction in fatalities due to road traffic crashes in Delhi, India.
Abstract: Road traffic injuries have become a serious health burden all over the world in general and in cities of low and middle-income countries in particular. Delhi, the capital city of India, records the highest number of road traffic fatalities of all cities in India. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the mandatory seatbelt law enacted in Delhi in 2002 in terms of observance of the law and estimated reduction in fatalities due to road traffic crashes. Seat belt use was monitored by roadside observations at one location in 2001, a year before the compulsory use law. Roadside observations on belt use were taken every year in March/April for the period 2002-2005 after the notification of the compulsory use law. Seat belt use by front seat passengers averaged 72% for the 4 years 2002-2005 (drivers 79%, passengers 58%). Belt use by front seat by passengers was about 25% lower than that by drivers in all the years. Since car occupants comprise only 2-3% of the fatalities in Delhi, the belt law may have resulted in an overall fatality reduction of less than 1%, an estimated 11-15 lives/year.
TL;DR: In this article, major factors affecting the clearance time using complete 2,647 incident data occurred on freeways of Korea in 2005 were explored using SEM relationships among various exogenous variables and incident clearance time.
Abstract: Non-recurrent congestion mainly due to the traffic incident is unpredictable. However, its substantial impact on the traffic flow temporarily reduces capacity of roads and incurs enormous time loss. In order to minimize the economic loss from the congestion, the non-recurrent congestion should be dealt with properly and effectively. This study aims to understand major factors affecting the clearance time using complete 2,647 incident data occurred on freeways of Korea in 2005. Using SEM relationships among various exogenous variables and incident clearance time are explored. The model developed in this study is validated using incident data in 2004. The resulting model provides valuable information for the incident clearance time, which can be utilized to manage the incident effectively.
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative importance of the items that define the tourism environment, and how foreign visitors evaluate Japan's tourism environment was analyzed, and the analysis showed that foreign visitors highly prioritize safety followed by transportation and price.
Abstract: Tourism Environment as comprised by "Safety", "Cleanliness", "Barrier-free", "Multilingual Writing", "Communication", "Price", "Transportation" and "Electronic Service", contributes to foreign visitors' travel satisfaction in terms of convenience and comfort. In this light, this study aims to understand 1) the relative importance of the items that define the tourism environment, and 2) how foreign visitors evaluate Japan's tourism environment. The analysis showed that foreign visitors highly prioritize Safety followed by Transportation and Price. In addition to the foreign visitor's subjective evaluation, quantitative analysis was done to certify the evaluation system of the tourism environment. The result shows that Japan has strength in the areas of affluence and social stability but has weakness in language.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the development strategies of container ports towards the intermodal freight transport systems, and real-world decision problems were examined, having obtained a good understanding of the data acquired, shippers' perceptions of container transportation and port service were analyzed.
Abstract: Efficient sea transportation is heavily dependent on the smooth operation of modal interchange, meaning that intermodal transfer is a key element in successful shipping operations with massive transshipment in major seaports. Competition for intermodal links in container ports is sometimes a short-term objective towards the longer-term vision of establishing a container port logistics systems and a global logistics management center. This paper discusses the development strategies of container ports towards the intermodal freight transport systems, and real-world decision problems were examined. Having obtained a good understanding of the data acquired, shippers’ perceptions of container transportation and port service were analyzed. The cross-tabulations together with the statistical techniques of factor analysis and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis were applied in order to analyze data comparisons and the relationship between the service purchase behavior and the degree of satisfaction for development strategies.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the past and current land policies in Hanoi, Vietnam, and analyzed the local property prices in order to identify the main factors affecting the local land market.
Abstract: We reviewed the past and current land policies in Hanoi, Vietnam, and analyzed the local property prices in order to identify the main factors affecting the local land market. The institutional systems associated with the land market in Vietnam have been changing dramatically for several decades; this has created various problems, including instable property prices. The current property price evaluation in Hanoi reflects the actual demand in the market and attempts to meet the requirements of the Land Law. However, it still suffers from the lack of data and knowledge pertaining to the land market. Property prices were analyzed by using hedonic price analysis in order to understand the property price structure. Property price functions were estimated for five zones in Hanoi. The results show that various factors such as location with respect to the nearest street, number of floors, and road ratio affect the property prices significantly.
TL;DR: A methodology for building a model for predicting road crashes in real-time for urban expressways using Bayesian Network is presented and the outcome was encouraging as the newly developed model could successfully predict 74% future crashes using average crash probability as the threshold value.
Abstract: The concept of predicting road crashes in real-time is influenced by the idea that instantaneous crash probability can be fathomed using instantaneous traffic flow data and thus road users can be informed about the existence of any hazardous traffic condition in real-time as part of proactive safety measure. This paper presents a methodology for building such a model for urban expressways using Bayesian Network. 16-month (December 2006 to March 2008) crash data and 24-hour traffic data (5 minute aggregated average speed and cumulative flow) were collected for a 2-km study section on Shinjuku 4 Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway. The model was built with 150 field crash data and later validated with 50 separate crash data taking place on the same road section. The outcome was encouraging as the newly developed model could successfully predict 74% future crashes using average crash probability as the threshold value.
TL;DR: In this article, a genetic mining rule (GMR) model was developed to explore the key rules that determine the most contributing factors to crash severity, which can achieve an overall correct rate of 74.25% in training and 70.79% in validation, respectively.
Abstract: A crash is often caused by a series of errors and also attributed to a number of categorical explanatory factors. To explore the key rules that determine the most contributing factors to crash severity, this paper develops a novel genetic mining rule (GMR) model, which accounts for the conflict and redundancy of rules mined. To avoid over-mining caused by unevenly distributed data across different types of accidents, identical numbers of A1-type (fatal), A2-type (injury), and A3-type (non-injury) crash cases drawn from 2003-2007 Taiwan's freeway accident investigation reports are used for the analysis. A total of 39 rules are mined which can achieve an overall correct rate of 74.25% in training and 70.79% in validation, respectively, much higher than those yielded by the decision tree model. Travel period, major cause, collision type and journey purpose are found as the four major contributory factors to crash severity in this study.
TL;DR: A new multi-objective optimization model and its meta-heuristic solution technique using Ant Colony System for HAZMAT routing is presented and it is shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms while maintaining realistic computation time.
Abstract: Unlike widely available literatures in hazardous material (HAZMAT) transportation that basically aim at finding non dominated paths for a given origin-destination pair, our main focus in this study is on vehicle routing problem with time window (VRPTW) aspect of HAZMAT transportation problem that has received very less attention in literatures. We present a new multi-objective optimization model and its meta-heuristic solution technique using Ant Colony System for HAZMAT routing. In contrast to existing local routing models, we consider minimization of risk and transportation cost in both route choice and routing phases of transportation process. Moreover, route choice and routing have been carried out as a single step process. Lastly, the proposed algorithm has been tested for normal VRPTW by testing on Solomon benchmark instances and the results obtained show that the proposed algorithm outperforms while maintaining realistic computation time.
TL;DR: In this paper, a gap acceptance model was developed to deeply analyze the gap decision-making process by the left-turn groups and capture behavioral differences between the motorcyclists and car drivers who lead the groups.
Abstract: Grouping behavior is a unique characteristic of mixed traffic dominated by motorcycles. At 2-phased signalized and non-signalized intersections in Hanoi, there are increasingly serious conflicts between vehicles groups, especially between the unprotected left-turn and straight-go groups, thereby reducing traffic speeds and increasing accidents. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of the inter-group interactions and suggest measures to manage the intersections. First, a general analysis was conducted to initially understand the interactive strategies by each group and determinant factors. Then, a gap acceptance model was developed to deeply analyze the gap decisionmaking process by the left-turn groups and capture behavioral differences between the motorcyclists and car drivers who lead the groups. The study found that the total gap, combining the longitudinal and lateral gaps, strongly influenced the gap decision of both the drivers. Interestingly, the number of motorcycles in the left-turn group could make its leading motorcyclists more aggressive. The leading car drivers appeared to be sensitive to the expected waiting time while the motorcyclists did not.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors collected data at Gwangmyeong station in South Korea and found that the escalator is the most efficient means for passengers to move a long distance through a large transfer system.
Abstract: Public transportation has become more important as natural resources are exhausted and environmental pollution increases. However, there are many factors that interrupt the use of public transportation, including cost, in-out vehicle time, level of service and transfer. To encourage the use of public transportation, local governments have reduced public transport transfer fares, thereby eliminating a major obstacle. However, key issues beyond cost and transfer have a large effect on passenger usage of public transportation. This study estimates the effects of passenger choices at change facilities. This study collected data at Gwangmyeong station in South Korea. The effect on passenger-level change facilities choice consists of change facility user time, route moving time and overlap facilities (path- size). The result shows that the escalator was preferred for increasing route moving time and path-size. The escalator is the most efficient means for passengers to move a long distance through a large transfer system.