Showing papers in "Journal of Theoretical Biology in 1978"

TL;DR: It is shown that even for relatively short (10 day) time series, the integral-valued chi-square periodogram can distinguish circadian-periodic from random series at a level of significance of about 0·01.

TL;DR: This model is generalized to allow more general reward and cost functions, and restrictions on the length of contest permitted, and a variety of interesting conclusions of biological relevance emerge, perhaps the most striking being the occurrence of a dichotomous behavioural pattern in an essentially continuous conflict.

TL;DR: The condition for spreading of a new reproductive strategy in a population is given and the results are discussed using data from the Great Tit, Man and the Japanese Quail on the effect of inbreeding.

TL;DR: A model for the distribution of protein molecules between the cells in a microbial population during steady-state growth finds that this distribution is very broad, especially for small protein numbers; it is definitely not a Poisson distribution.

TL;DR: Dirichlet domains were shown to describe some cellular patterns (cultured monolayer cells, epithelial cells in tissue, etc.), with relatively small deviation values, for simulation of an experiment in which contiguous cells migrated to fill a space after removal of a single cell in an epithelial sheet.

TL;DR: A phenomenological model proposed by Pittendrigh is developed and expanded here using an explicit quantitative structure and found that such a system can simulate several qualitative features in the experimental data.

TL;DR: A metric on binary trees is defined to give the similarity of two dendrograms to clarify the decision ordering nature of biological trees.

TL;DR: Resistance to antibiotics and pesticides except herbicides rapidly developed following their introduction due to a combination of low selection pressure of most herbicides, lower fitness of resistant weed strains in the absence of herbicide, the ability of herbicides thinned strands of susceptible weeds to produce relatively more seeds, as well as the large soil reservoir of susceptible weed seeds.

TL;DR: Analysis of data supports the hypothesis that propagule size evolves in response to relative survivorship rates during and after the propagule stage: natural selection is most likely to favor large egg size when the egg is a safe harbor.

TL;DR: It is shown that when the diffusion of the prey is small compared with that of the predator the non-linearity which is called a hump effect in the prey interaction, is a key mechanism for the system to exhibit, asymptotically in time, stable heterogeneity in a bounded domain with zero flux boundary conditions.

TL;DR: A biophysical model for the pollen/locule wall interactions resulting in pollen expulsion upon bee or artificial vibration is developed and is generally applicable to any apically dehiscent flower which is vibrated by bees to release pollen.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the effect of gene flow on the mean and variance of a character and showed that the mean value changes on a length scale that is large compared to the average dispersal distance.

TL;DR: Modification of the Lotka-Volterra model to give non-linear isoclines is necessary to obtain a minimum of biological realism; this modified model is illustrated with an analysis of a legume-Rhizobium mutualism.

TL;DR: The Hodgkin-Huxley model of the space-clamped squid giant axon is shown to admit unstable periodic solutions for current stimuli less than the stimulus at which the rest state becomes linearly unstable.

TL;DR: With these simple rules, one can often predict the essential features of the behaviour of complex systems, just by reducing them to simpler “homologous” systems whose behaviour is known.

TL;DR: Oxygen diffusion in a spherical cell with Michaelis-Menten oxygen uptake kinetics is re-examined and the results of a recent paper by Lin corrected and a perturbation solution for a small Michaelis constant is developed.

TL;DR: It is shown that the critical value of the cost/benefit ratio of fitness effects, which must be exceeded if altruism is to evolve, is in general dependent both on the cost of altruistic behaviour and on the probability that an individual behaves as an altruist.

TL;DR: The War of Attrition model of animal conflict was introduced by Maynard Smith (1974), who derived the unique Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS), which was analysed by Bishop & Cannings (1978), who also found a unique ESS.

TL;DR: A model is proposed for space-dependent cell determination under the influence of a morphogen gradient that provides an explanation of how groups of cells can be programmed in a particular direction and how a jump from one determination stage to the next can occur between them even though the controlling signal is of a smoothly graded morphogen concentration.

TL;DR: Conditions that anisogamy without disassortative fusion (pseudoanisogamety) should be favoured by individual natural selection are shown; the results obtained analytically below are in basic agreement with those obtained through the use of numerical techniques by Parker, Baker & Smith (1972).

TL;DR: It is shown that almost all the more usual measures used in the past are closely related to measures which satisfy the authors' axioms; thus the general theory of diversity is unified and comparisons between the various measures can be made.

TL;DR: It is proved that the two-prey and one-predator system generally has a stable three-species-co-existing equilibrium state and it is shown that the system asymptotically settles a Volterra's oscillation in three-dimensional space.

TL;DR: An earlier model of hepatic elimination with functionally identical sinusoids is extended by introducing statistical distributions of enzyme contents per sinusoid and of blood flow per sinuses, these being either uncorrelated or closely correlated.

TL;DR: It is shown that selection for laying workers is very strong, even if such workers give up rearing a seemingly advantageous combination of brothers and sisters, which poses distinct problems for the maintenance of eusocial societies.

TL;DR: It is argued that the ordered state emerging from this co-operative mode can account for fundamental properties of memory, in particular its stability and non-local character.

TL;DR: In this paper, a hydraulic model of the intracranial compartments is used to analyze the quantitative contribution of various factors to vasogenic brain edema, including osmotic and hydrostatic pressures, tissue compliance, and capillary and tissue hydraulic conductivities.

TL;DR: An analysis of the response probabilities of secondary neurones in a system where the olfactory receptor cells have a multimodal sensitivity v. a unimodal one, shows that the responded probabilities remain the same as long as the total number of “acceptors” is the same in the two modalities.

TL;DR: This paper analyses the population genetics of anisogamy controlled by a single locus, in both the haploid and diploid cases, and concludes that close linkage between a mating type locus and the gamete size locus may produce non-random associations of alleles, leading to disassortative fusion with respect togamete size.

TL;DR: The analysis provides a mathematical foundation for the current practice of superimposing a probability distribution function on a biological time scale to describe the development of individuals from a population.