Showing papers in "Marine Environmental Research in 2009"

TL;DR: The data suggest a mechanism for significant nanoparticle ingestion, and have implications for toxicological effects and transfer of nanomaterials to higher trophic levels.

TL;DR: While fish numbers were not influenced by increased habitat complexity (holes), it had a significantly positive effect on quantities of edible crab, on average leading to an almost five-fold increase in densities of this species, suggesting a species-specific response to enhanced habitat complexity.

TL;DR: The distributions, contamination status and annual sedimentation flux of trace metals in surface sediments of the East China Sea were studied and suggest that the metals contamination in the middle and outer shelves of the ECS is still minor.

TL;DR: Standing stocks of Zn, Cu, Cd and Co in the leaf and stem biomass of S. fruticosa, S. perennis and H. portulacoides showed a strong seasonal variation, with higher values recorded in autumn.

TL;DR: It is indicated that, under the tested conditions, Ag-NPs released into the coastal marine environment do not increase antibiotic resistance among naturally occurring bacteria in estuarine sediments.

TL;DR: The author argues that the development of summer hypoxia off the Changjiang estuary was related not only to stratification and input of suspended particulate matter, but also to the inflow of Taiwan warm current water as well as the bottom topography.

TL;DR: There is great disparity in the indicators ability to capture temporal changes, showing distinct performances at each site, and further research is suggested to understand the behaviour of ecological indicators, in view of their crucial importance for the management and protection of marine coastal areas.

TL;DR: Population outbreaks of crown-of-thorns sea star (Acanthaster planci L.) remain one of the most significant biological disturbances on tropical coral reefs although the increasing attention given to other threats has greatly limited recent progress.

TL;DR: Differences in PAH composition and various PAH ratios indicate a natural, mostly petrogenic origin of PAH in sediments from the open sea locations, while the fjord locations show higher pyrogenic PAH contents with an increase towards upper sediment layers, indicating low inputs from human activities.

TL;DR: Habitat indicators and fish communities exhibited significant differences between the impacted and control locations, with the impacted one showing a significant decrease in fish species richness and diversity, as well as a decrease in benthic cover.

TL;DR: Skin nodules were sometimes ulcerated and associated with cutaneous traumas suggesting that traumatic injuries may play a role in the pathogenesis of this condition.

TL;DR: Two dolphins had high metal burdens, high MT concentrations, renal damage, and evidence of bone malformations, indicating possible severe and prolonged metal toxicity.

TL;DR: It is proposed that in addition to the oceanic thermal inertia, the upwelling-driven cooling provided a mechanism that offset the CO(2)-driven SST increase in the Arabian Sea until 1995.

TL;DR: Good levels of coral resilience on the fringing reefs around Discovery Bay in Jamaica are indicated, with few significant differences either spatially or temporally from 2000-2008.

TL;DR: The results suggest that stable-isotope values from macrophytes and selected grazers are useful as tracers of seasonal changes in nitrogen inputs into estuaries, and that those of consumers reflect other factors beyond seasonal variations in N and C sources.

TL;DR: It is suggested that liver up-regulation of phase I and II enzymes and complementary ABC transporters ABCC2 and ABCG2 may confer contaminant resistance to Tar Pond fish.

TL;DR: Results indicated limited impact of S. muticum on native assemblage, and the impact was only evident on the total number of native taxa and two understory morpho-functional groups, filamentous and foliose algae, rather than on the entire macroalgal assemblages.

TL;DR: A three-dimensional model was used to investigate the effect of wind on transport time by using the concept of water age in the tidal Rappahannock River, a western tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, USA, and found that both local and non-local wind forcings alter WA distribution.

TL;DR: The binding sites characterisation was validated by the very good matching of the non-concentrated seawater sample titration data with the simulated curves obtained using the binding parameters from the concentrated sample, highlighting its negligible influence on organic matter properties when considering copper complexation.

TL;DR: The results obtained with protein expression profiles after exposure to oil and surrogate produced water indicate effects on fibrinolysis and the complement cascade, the immune system, fertility-linked proteins, bone resorption, fatty acid metabolism as well as increased oxidative stress, impaired cell mobility and increased levels of proteins associated with apoptosis.

TL;DR: The results of this study support the idea that sunken wood surfaces constitute an environment suitable for sulfide-oxidizing symbioses.

TL;DR: Results show that aquaculture can directly influence the body composition of juvenile fish that recruit to sea-cage fish farms and affect the food chain by modifying the fatty acid profiles of farm-associated zooplankton and juveniles of L. aurata and O. melanura.

TL;DR: The survival of embryos decreased with an increase in salinity, with no embryos surviving to full term in salinities greater than 50 per thousand, and mean weight and mantle length decreased with increasing salinity.

TL;DR: G. amansii suffered greater oxidative stress from UV-B radiation, and P. capillacea can effectively reduceUV-B sensitivity by increasing sunscreen ability and antioxidant defense capacity.

TL;DR: Hg-length relationships suggest that each target fish meets this threshold near their minimum legal catch length, and reiterate the value of species ecology to improve predictions of fish Hg and permit better management of human contamination by this important dietary source.

TL;DR: The highest levels of environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were observed in flatfishes from areas close to oil and gas platforms in the North Sea and in zones related to the extensive shipping and potentially influenced by contamination from large European Rivers.

TL;DR: Benthic copper fluxes were small due to small concentration differences between the porewaters and the overlying water, and the equilibrium concentration was the same at both sites, suggesting that the sediments acted to buffer the copper concentration.

TL;DR: Over 70% of the study animals had PCB concentrations which exceeded a 1.3mg/kg PCB threshold established for endocrine disruption and immunotoxicity in free-ranging harbour seals, suggesting that organic contaminants cannot be ruled out as an additional threat to this declining population of killer whales.

TL;DR: This work reconstructed and interpreted historical and modern-day recruitment patterns, using a combination of growth modelling and in situ recruitment experiments, in order to understand how hurricanes, storms and bleaching events have influenced coral recruitment on the Caribbean coastline of Tobago.

TL;DR: Histopathological alterations in the reproductive tissue of the female sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris after exposure to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phenanthrene were investigated using light microscopy.